Analysis of the Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) during the Regeneration of Post-Consumed Poly(Ethylene Terephthalate) Using HS-GC-MS Method
VOCs emissions from recycled PET are recognized as one of the major causes of poor healthy condition. Much attention has been increasingly focused on VOCs produced from regenerated PET for their significance in ecological safety. These emissions may be strongly influenced by the raw materials and ma...
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description | VOCs emissions from recycled PET are recognized as one of the major causes of poor healthy condition. Much attention has been increasingly focused on VOCs produced from regenerated PET for their significance in ecological safety. These emissions may be strongly influenced by the raw materials and manufacturing techniques of the recycled PET. However, there is very little published information regarding this issue. The purpose of this study was to examine VOCs releasing from reprocessed productions when exposed to high temperature or other extreme conditions.In this study, we determined and compared VOCs emissions from samples after different manufacturing stages such as PET popcorn, dried PET popcorn, screw melts, undrawed fibers and drawed fibers, including their species and content. To simulate the VOC emissions of samples processed with the high temperature in longer time during screw melting, we investigated VOCs from screw melts utilizing Thermo Gravimetric-Mass Spectrometry (TG-MS) with 90 min in 280°C . We found that: (1) The optimisation of the equilibration procedure for volatile organic compounds was performed and the optimal equilibration conditions were determined to be 30 min at 120°C ; (2) Seven individual VOCs were identified: considerable VOC content changes during the manufacturing process; and the drying was tremendously helpful in reducing the VOC emissions from PET popcorn; formaldehyde, acetaldehyde and TVOC were reduced by 24%, 58% and 50%, respectively after drying; while acetaldehyde, benzene, benzaldehyde and TVOC increased dramatically after screw melting; (3) The VOCs were released at the initial stage of heat preservation (about 5 min) and VOCs content came to the maximum which indicated the almost immediate thermal degradation in screw melting. |
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Much attention has been increasingly focused on VOCs produced from regenerated PET for their significance in ecological safety. These emissions may be strongly influenced by the raw materials and manufacturing techniques of the recycled PET. However, there is very little published information regarding this issue. The purpose of this study was to examine VOCs releasing from reprocessed productions when exposed to high temperature or other extreme conditions.In this study, we determined and compared VOCs emissions from samples after different manufacturing stages such as PET popcorn, dried PET popcorn, screw melts, undrawed fibers and drawed fibers, including their species and content. To simulate the VOC emissions of samples processed with the high temperature in longer time during screw melting, we investigated VOCs from screw melts utilizing Thermo Gravimetric-Mass Spectrometry (TG-MS) with 90 min in 280°C . We found that: (1) The optimisation of the equilibration procedure for volatile organic compounds was performed and the optimal equilibration conditions were determined to be 30 min at 120°C ; (2) Seven individual VOCs were identified: considerable VOC content changes during the manufacturing process; and the drying was tremendously helpful in reducing the VOC emissions from PET popcorn; formaldehyde, acetaldehyde and TVOC were reduced by 24%, 58% and 50%, respectively after drying; while acetaldehyde, benzene, benzaldehyde and TVOC increased dramatically after screw melting; (3) The VOCs were released at the initial stage of heat preservation (about 5 min) and VOCs content came to the maximum which indicated the almost immediate thermal degradation in screw melting.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0255-5476</identifier><identifier>ISSN: 1662-9752</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1662-9752</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.4028/www.scientific.net/MSF.944.1208</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Pfaffikon: Trans Tech Publications Ltd</publisher><subject>Acetaldehyde ; Balancing ; Benzaldehyde ; Benzene ; Drying ; Ecological effects ; Gravimetry ; High temperature ; Manufacturing ; Mass spectrometry ; Melting ; Melts ; Optimization ; Polyethylene terephthalate ; Raw materials ; Recycled materials ; Regeneration ; Thermal degradation ; VOCs ; Volatile organic compounds</subject><ispartof>Materials science forum, 2019-01, Vol.944, p.1208-1214</ispartof><rights>2019 Trans Tech Publications Ltd</rights><rights>Copyright Trans Tech Publications Ltd. Jan 2019</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c3138-66bae15f91fe95b9faeaf68b6187295ccdec215a2a62b0e0a945723b0a9320f23</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c3138-66bae15f91fe95b9faeaf68b6187295ccdec215a2a62b0e0a945723b0a9320f23</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Uhttps://www.scientific.net/Image/TitleCover/4734?width=600</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.proquest.com/docview/2199296168?pq-origsite=primo$$EHTML$$P50$$Gproquest$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,21389,21390,23256,27924,27925,33530,33703,34314,43659,43787,44067</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Wang, Hua Ping</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chen, Ye</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Liu, Shan Shan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Qin, Dan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ke, Fu You</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hu, Ji Yue</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wang, Chao Sheng</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gao, Ling Ling</creatorcontrib><title>Analysis of the Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) during the Regeneration of Post-Consumed Poly(Ethylene Terephthalate) Using HS-GC-MS Method</title><title>Materials science forum</title><description>VOCs emissions from recycled PET are recognized as one of the major causes of poor healthy condition. Much attention has been increasingly focused on VOCs produced from regenerated PET for their significance in ecological safety. These emissions may be strongly influenced by the raw materials and manufacturing techniques of the recycled PET. However, there is very little published information regarding this issue. The purpose of this study was to examine VOCs releasing from reprocessed productions when exposed to high temperature or other extreme conditions.In this study, we determined and compared VOCs emissions from samples after different manufacturing stages such as PET popcorn, dried PET popcorn, screw melts, undrawed fibers and drawed fibers, including their species and content. To simulate the VOC emissions of samples processed with the high temperature in longer time during screw melting, we investigated VOCs from screw melts utilizing Thermo Gravimetric-Mass Spectrometry (TG-MS) with 90 min in 280°C . We found that: (1) The optimisation of the equilibration procedure for volatile organic compounds was performed and the optimal equilibration conditions were determined to be 30 min at 120°C ; (2) Seven individual VOCs were identified: considerable VOC content changes during the manufacturing process; and the drying was tremendously helpful in reducing the VOC emissions from PET popcorn; formaldehyde, acetaldehyde and TVOC were reduced by 24%, 58% and 50%, respectively after drying; while acetaldehyde, benzene, benzaldehyde and TVOC increased dramatically after screw melting; (3) The VOCs were released at the initial stage of heat preservation (about 5 min) and VOCs content came to the maximum which indicated the almost immediate thermal degradation in screw melting.</description><subject>Acetaldehyde</subject><subject>Balancing</subject><subject>Benzaldehyde</subject><subject>Benzene</subject><subject>Drying</subject><subject>Ecological effects</subject><subject>Gravimetry</subject><subject>High temperature</subject><subject>Manufacturing</subject><subject>Mass spectrometry</subject><subject>Melting</subject><subject>Melts</subject><subject>Optimization</subject><subject>Polyethylene terephthalate</subject><subject>Raw materials</subject><subject>Recycled materials</subject><subject>Regeneration</subject><subject>Thermal degradation</subject><subject>VOCs</subject><subject>Volatile organic compounds</subject><issn>0255-5476</issn><issn>1662-9752</issn><issn>1662-9752</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2019</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><sourceid>GNUQQ</sourceid><recordid>eNqNkc9q3DAQh0VoIds07yDoocnBjiRbWutUFpM_hSxbukmuQpbHawevtJVkln2IvHO12UKuPc0M_OYbmA-h75TkJWHVzX6_z4MZwMahG0xuId4s13e5LMucMlKdoRkVgmVyztknNCOM84yXc3GOvoTwSkhBKypm6G1h9XgIQ8Cuw7EH_OJGHYcR8MpvtB0Mrt125ybbBnz1sqrDNW4nP9jNe_g3bMCCTwvOHgG_XIhZ7WyYttCmaTxc3cb-MKYQfgIPuz72OvHhGj-HI-Rhnd3X2XKNlxB7135Fnzs9Brj8Vy_Q893tU_2QPa7uf9aLx8wUtKgyIRoNlHeSdiB5IzsNuhNVI2g1Z5Ib04JhlGumBWsIEC1LPmdFk5qCkY4VF-jbibvz7s8EIapXN_n0iaAYlZJJQUWVUj9OKeNdCB46tfPDVvuDokQdHajkQH04UMmBSg5UcqCODhJhcSJEr22IYPqPQ__L-AucDpnC</recordid><startdate>20190101</startdate><enddate>20190101</enddate><creator>Wang, Hua Ping</creator><creator>Chen, Ye</creator><creator>Liu, Shan Shan</creator><creator>Qin, Dan</creator><creator>Ke, Fu You</creator><creator>Hu, Ji Yue</creator><creator>Wang, Chao Sheng</creator><creator>Gao, Ling Ling</creator><general>Trans Tech Publications Ltd</general><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7SR</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88I</scope><scope>8BQ</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FG</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABJCF</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BGLVJ</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>D1I</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>JG9</scope><scope>KB.</scope><scope>M2P</scope><scope>PDBOC</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>Q9U</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20190101</creationdate><title>Analysis of the Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) during the Regeneration of Post-Consumed Poly(Ethylene Terephthalate) Using HS-GC-MS Method</title><author>Wang, Hua Ping ; Chen, Ye ; Liu, Shan Shan ; Qin, Dan ; Ke, Fu You ; Hu, Ji Yue ; Wang, Chao Sheng ; Gao, Ling Ling</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c3138-66bae15f91fe95b9faeaf68b6187295ccdec215a2a62b0e0a945723b0a9320f23</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2019</creationdate><topic>Acetaldehyde</topic><topic>Balancing</topic><topic>Benzaldehyde</topic><topic>Benzene</topic><topic>Drying</topic><topic>Ecological effects</topic><topic>Gravimetry</topic><topic>High temperature</topic><topic>Manufacturing</topic><topic>Mass spectrometry</topic><topic>Melting</topic><topic>Melts</topic><topic>Optimization</topic><topic>Polyethylene terephthalate</topic><topic>Raw materials</topic><topic>Recycled materials</topic><topic>Regeneration</topic><topic>Thermal degradation</topic><topic>VOCs</topic><topic>Volatile organic compounds</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Wang, Hua Ping</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chen, Ye</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Liu, Shan Shan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Qin, Dan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ke, Fu You</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hu, Ji Yue</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wang, Chao Sheng</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gao, Ling Ling</creatorcontrib><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Engineered Materials Abstracts</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Science Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>METADEX</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>ProQuest SciTech Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Technology Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Materials Science & Engineering Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>Proquest Central</collection><collection>Technology Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Materials Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Student</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection</collection><collection>Materials Research Database</collection><collection>Materials Science Database</collection><collection>Science Database (ProQuest)</collection><collection>Materials Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Basic</collection><jtitle>Materials science forum</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Wang, Hua Ping</au><au>Chen, Ye</au><au>Liu, Shan Shan</au><au>Qin, Dan</au><au>Ke, Fu You</au><au>Hu, Ji Yue</au><au>Wang, Chao Sheng</au><au>Gao, Ling Ling</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Analysis of the Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) during the Regeneration of Post-Consumed Poly(Ethylene Terephthalate) Using HS-GC-MS Method</atitle><jtitle>Materials science forum</jtitle><date>2019-01-01</date><risdate>2019</risdate><volume>944</volume><spage>1208</spage><epage>1214</epage><pages>1208-1214</pages><issn>0255-5476</issn><issn>1662-9752</issn><eissn>1662-9752</eissn><abstract>VOCs emissions from recycled PET are recognized as one of the major causes of poor healthy condition. Much attention has been increasingly focused on VOCs produced from regenerated PET for their significance in ecological safety. These emissions may be strongly influenced by the raw materials and manufacturing techniques of the recycled PET. However, there is very little published information regarding this issue. The purpose of this study was to examine VOCs releasing from reprocessed productions when exposed to high temperature or other extreme conditions.In this study, we determined and compared VOCs emissions from samples after different manufacturing stages such as PET popcorn, dried PET popcorn, screw melts, undrawed fibers and drawed fibers, including their species and content. To simulate the VOC emissions of samples processed with the high temperature in longer time during screw melting, we investigated VOCs from screw melts utilizing Thermo Gravimetric-Mass Spectrometry (TG-MS) with 90 min in 280°C . We found that: (1) The optimisation of the equilibration procedure for volatile organic compounds was performed and the optimal equilibration conditions were determined to be 30 min at 120°C ; (2) Seven individual VOCs were identified: considerable VOC content changes during the manufacturing process; and the drying was tremendously helpful in reducing the VOC emissions from PET popcorn; formaldehyde, acetaldehyde and TVOC were reduced by 24%, 58% and 50%, respectively after drying; while acetaldehyde, benzene, benzaldehyde and TVOC increased dramatically after screw melting; (3) The VOCs were released at the initial stage of heat preservation (about 5 min) and VOCs content came to the maximum which indicated the almost immediate thermal degradation in screw melting.</abstract><cop>Pfaffikon</cop><pub>Trans Tech Publications Ltd</pub><doi>10.4028/www.scientific.net/MSF.944.1208</doi><tpages>7</tpages></addata></record> |
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subjects | Acetaldehyde Balancing Benzaldehyde Benzene Drying Ecological effects Gravimetry High temperature Manufacturing Mass spectrometry Melting Melts Optimization Polyethylene terephthalate Raw materials Recycled materials Regeneration Thermal degradation VOCs Volatile organic compounds |
title | Analysis of the Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) during the Regeneration of Post-Consumed Poly(Ethylene Terephthalate) Using HS-GC-MS Method |
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