Self-affirmation and defensive processing of graphic cigarette warning labels by African American smokers: A community-based study
Objective: Promoting smoking cessation through effective health messaging among African American smokers is of great urgency as African Americans suffer disproportionally more from smoking-related diseases compared to White smokers. This research examines the potential impact of self-affirmation on...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Health education journal 2019-04, Vol.78 (3), p.301-314 |
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| container_title | Health education journal |
| container_volume | 78 |
| creator | Iles, Irina A Nan, Xiaoli Ma, Zexin Feldman, Robert Butler, James Wang, Min Qi Zhao, Xiaoquan |
| description | Objective:
Promoting smoking cessation through effective health messaging among African American smokers is of great urgency as African Americans suffer disproportionally more from smoking-related diseases compared to White smokers. This research examines the potential impact of self-affirmation on reducing defensive processing of graphic cigarette warning labels among African American smokers.
Method:
We conducted an experimental study in which participants were instructed to self-affirm (or not) prior to viewing graphic cigarette warning labels.
Results:
We found that although self-affirmation had no main effect on defensive processing, it interacted with initial/preexisting attitudes towards smoking to influence defensive responses such as message derogation and perceived message manipulation. For participants with more positive initial attitudes towards smoking, self-affirmation led to reduced message derogation and perceived message manipulation. For these individuals, we also found an indirect effect of self-affirmation on intentions to quit smoking through perceived message manipulation. Self-affirmation had largely no effects on participants with less positive initial attitudes towards smoking.
Conclusion:
The theoretical and practical implications of these findings are discussed. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1177/0017896918805129 |
| format | Article |
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Promoting smoking cessation through effective health messaging among African American smokers is of great urgency as African Americans suffer disproportionally more from smoking-related diseases compared to White smokers. This research examines the potential impact of self-affirmation on reducing defensive processing of graphic cigarette warning labels among African American smokers.
Method:
We conducted an experimental study in which participants were instructed to self-affirm (or not) prior to viewing graphic cigarette warning labels.
Results:
We found that although self-affirmation had no main effect on defensive processing, it interacted with initial/preexisting attitudes towards smoking to influence defensive responses such as message derogation and perceived message manipulation. For participants with more positive initial attitudes towards smoking, self-affirmation led to reduced message derogation and perceived message manipulation. For these individuals, we also found an indirect effect of self-affirmation on intentions to quit smoking through perceived message manipulation. Self-affirmation had largely no effects on participants with less positive initial attitudes towards smoking.
Conclusion:
The theoretical and practical implications of these findings are discussed.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0017-8969</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1748-8176</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1177/0017896918805129</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>London, England: SAGE Publications</publisher><subject>Adults ; Affirmation ; African Americans ; Attitudes ; Cigarettes ; Community-based programs ; Defense mechanisms ; Defensiveness ; Descriptive labeling ; Disproportionate Representation ; Drug addiction ; Health Behavior ; Health Promotion ; Information processing ; Intention ; Labels ; Manipulation ; Merchandise Information ; Psychological Patterns ; Responses ; Self awareness ; Self Concept ; Selfaffirmation ; Smoking ; Smoking cessation ; Warning ; Warning labels</subject><ispartof>Health education journal, 2019-04, Vol.78 (3), p.301-314</ispartof><rights>The Author(s) 2018</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c331t-4af3f69b24be99467831dc65beca7fa182252232fc61305d784427434b58dd4c3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c331t-4af3f69b24be99467831dc65beca7fa182252232fc61305d784427434b58dd4c3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/0017896918805129$$EPDF$$P50$$Gsage$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/0017896918805129$$EHTML$$P50$$Gsage$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,21819,27924,27925,30999,43621,43622</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://eric.ed.gov/ERICWebPortal/detail?accno=EJ1208632$$DView record in ERIC$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Iles, Irina A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nan, Xiaoli</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ma, Zexin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Feldman, Robert</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Butler, James</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wang, Min Qi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhao, Xiaoquan</creatorcontrib><title>Self-affirmation and defensive processing of graphic cigarette warning labels by African American smokers: A community-based study</title><title>Health education journal</title><description>Objective:
Promoting smoking cessation through effective health messaging among African American smokers is of great urgency as African Americans suffer disproportionally more from smoking-related diseases compared to White smokers. This research examines the potential impact of self-affirmation on reducing defensive processing of graphic cigarette warning labels among African American smokers.
Method:
We conducted an experimental study in which participants were instructed to self-affirm (or not) prior to viewing graphic cigarette warning labels.
Results:
We found that although self-affirmation had no main effect on defensive processing, it interacted with initial/preexisting attitudes towards smoking to influence defensive responses such as message derogation and perceived message manipulation. For participants with more positive initial attitudes towards smoking, self-affirmation led to reduced message derogation and perceived message manipulation. For these individuals, we also found an indirect effect of self-affirmation on intentions to quit smoking through perceived message manipulation. Self-affirmation had largely no effects on participants with less positive initial attitudes towards smoking.
Conclusion:
The theoretical and practical implications of these findings are discussed.</description><subject>Adults</subject><subject>Affirmation</subject><subject>African Americans</subject><subject>Attitudes</subject><subject>Cigarettes</subject><subject>Community-based programs</subject><subject>Defense mechanisms</subject><subject>Defensiveness</subject><subject>Descriptive labeling</subject><subject>Disproportionate Representation</subject><subject>Drug addiction</subject><subject>Health Behavior</subject><subject>Health Promotion</subject><subject>Information processing</subject><subject>Intention</subject><subject>Labels</subject><subject>Manipulation</subject><subject>Merchandise Information</subject><subject>Psychological Patterns</subject><subject>Responses</subject><subject>Self awareness</subject><subject>Self Concept</subject><subject>Selfaffirmation</subject><subject>Smoking</subject><subject>Smoking cessation</subject><subject>Warning</subject><subject>Warning labels</subject><issn>0017-8969</issn><issn>1748-8176</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2019</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>7QJ</sourceid><recordid>eNp1kM1LxDAQxYMouK7evQgBz9V8tUm8Lcv6xYIH9VzSdLJm3bZr0lV69S-3paIgeJqB35v3ZgahU0ouKJXykhAqlc40VYqklOk9NKFSqERRme2jyYCTgR-ioxjXhLBUKj5Bn4-wcYlxzofKtL6psalLXIKDOvp3wNvQWIjR1yvcOLwKZvviLbZ-ZQK0LeAPE-oBbkwBm4iLDs9c8NbUeFbB2MSqeYUQr_AM26aqdrVvu6QwEUoc213ZHaMDZzYRTr7rFD1fL57mt8ny4eZuPlsmlnPaJsI47jJdMFGA1iLr16elzdICrJHOUMVYyhhnzmaUk7SUSggmBRdFqspSWD5F56Nvf9PbDmKbr5tdqPvInFFNhMiE1r2KjCobmhgDuHwbfGVCl1OSD5_O_366HzkbR4aDf-SLe8qIyjjreTLyaFbwG_qv3xfiQYg6</recordid><startdate>201904</startdate><enddate>201904</enddate><creator>Iles, Irina A</creator><creator>Nan, Xiaoli</creator><creator>Ma, Zexin</creator><creator>Feldman, Robert</creator><creator>Butler, James</creator><creator>Wang, Min Qi</creator><creator>Zhao, Xiaoquan</creator><general>SAGE Publications</general><general>SAGE PUBLICATIONS, INC</general><scope>7SW</scope><scope>BJH</scope><scope>BNH</scope><scope>BNI</scope><scope>BNJ</scope><scope>BNO</scope><scope>ERI</scope><scope>PET</scope><scope>REK</scope><scope>WWN</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7QJ</scope><scope>7T2</scope><scope>7TS</scope><scope>8BJ</scope><scope>ASE</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>FPQ</scope><scope>FQK</scope><scope>JBE</scope><scope>K6X</scope><scope>NAPCQ</scope></search><sort><creationdate>201904</creationdate><title>Self-affirmation and defensive processing of graphic cigarette warning labels by African American smokers: A community-based study</title><author>Iles, Irina A ; Nan, Xiaoli ; Ma, Zexin ; Feldman, Robert ; Butler, James ; Wang, Min Qi ; Zhao, Xiaoquan</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c331t-4af3f69b24be99467831dc65beca7fa182252232fc61305d784427434b58dd4c3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2019</creationdate><topic>Adults</topic><topic>Affirmation</topic><topic>African Americans</topic><topic>Attitudes</topic><topic>Cigarettes</topic><topic>Community-based programs</topic><topic>Defense mechanisms</topic><topic>Defensiveness</topic><topic>Descriptive labeling</topic><topic>Disproportionate Representation</topic><topic>Drug addiction</topic><topic>Health Behavior</topic><topic>Health Promotion</topic><topic>Information processing</topic><topic>Intention</topic><topic>Labels</topic><topic>Manipulation</topic><topic>Merchandise Information</topic><topic>Psychological Patterns</topic><topic>Responses</topic><topic>Self awareness</topic><topic>Self Concept</topic><topic>Selfaffirmation</topic><topic>Smoking</topic><topic>Smoking cessation</topic><topic>Warning</topic><topic>Warning labels</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Iles, Irina A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nan, Xiaoli</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ma, Zexin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Feldman, Robert</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Butler, James</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wang, Min Qi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhao, Xiaoquan</creatorcontrib><collection>ERIC</collection><collection>ERIC (Ovid)</collection><collection>ERIC</collection><collection>ERIC</collection><collection>ERIC (Legacy Platform)</collection><collection>ERIC( SilverPlatter )</collection><collection>ERIC</collection><collection>ERIC PlusText (Legacy Platform)</collection><collection>Education Resources Information Center (ERIC)</collection><collection>ERIC</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Applied Social Sciences Index & Abstracts (ASSIA)</collection><collection>Health and Safety Science Abstracts (Full archive)</collection><collection>Physical Education Index</collection><collection>International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS)</collection><collection>British Nursing Index</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>British Nursing Index (BNI) (1985 to Present)</collection><collection>International Bibliography of the Social Sciences</collection><collection>International Bibliography of the Social Sciences</collection><collection>British Nursing Index</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Premium</collection><jtitle>Health education journal</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Iles, Irina A</au><au>Nan, Xiaoli</au><au>Ma, Zexin</au><au>Feldman, Robert</au><au>Butler, James</au><au>Wang, Min Qi</au><au>Zhao, Xiaoquan</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><ericid>EJ1208632</ericid><atitle>Self-affirmation and defensive processing of graphic cigarette warning labels by African American smokers: A community-based study</atitle><jtitle>Health education journal</jtitle><date>2019-04</date><risdate>2019</risdate><volume>78</volume><issue>3</issue><spage>301</spage><epage>314</epage><pages>301-314</pages><issn>0017-8969</issn><eissn>1748-8176</eissn><abstract>Objective:
Promoting smoking cessation through effective health messaging among African American smokers is of great urgency as African Americans suffer disproportionally more from smoking-related diseases compared to White smokers. This research examines the potential impact of self-affirmation on reducing defensive processing of graphic cigarette warning labels among African American smokers.
Method:
We conducted an experimental study in which participants were instructed to self-affirm (or not) prior to viewing graphic cigarette warning labels.
Results:
We found that although self-affirmation had no main effect on defensive processing, it interacted with initial/preexisting attitudes towards smoking to influence defensive responses such as message derogation and perceived message manipulation. For participants with more positive initial attitudes towards smoking, self-affirmation led to reduced message derogation and perceived message manipulation. For these individuals, we also found an indirect effect of self-affirmation on intentions to quit smoking through perceived message manipulation. Self-affirmation had largely no effects on participants with less positive initial attitudes towards smoking.
Conclusion:
The theoretical and practical implications of these findings are discussed.</abstract><cop>London, England</cop><pub>SAGE Publications</pub><doi>10.1177/0017896918805129</doi><tpages>14</tpages></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | Health education journal, 2019-04, Vol.78 (3), p.301-314 |
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| language | eng |
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| source | Applied Social Sciences Index & Abstracts (ASSIA); SAGE Publications |
| subjects | Adults Affirmation African Americans Attitudes Cigarettes Community-based programs Defense mechanisms Defensiveness Descriptive labeling Disproportionate Representation Drug addiction Health Behavior Health Promotion Information processing Intention Labels Manipulation Merchandise Information Psychological Patterns Responses Self awareness Self Concept Selfaffirmation Smoking Smoking cessation Warning Warning labels |
| title | Self-affirmation and defensive processing of graphic cigarette warning labels by African American smokers: A community-based study |
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