Drought tolerance and xylem embolism in co-occurring species of coastal sage and chaparral
Some species of coastal sage and chaparral shrubs of California are extremely tolerant of tissue dehydration, surviving water potentials as low as -9 MPa during dry summer months. Such low water potentials (high tensions on xylem water) are known to cause severe embolism formation in the xylem vesse...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Ecology (Durham) 1994-04, Vol.75 (3), p.648-659 |
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| creator | Kolb, Kimberley J. Davis, Stephen D. |
| description | Some species of coastal sage and chaparral shrubs of California are extremely tolerant of tissue dehydration, surviving water potentials as low as -9 MPa during dry summer months. Such low water potentials (high tensions on xylem water) are known to cause severe embolism formation in the xylem vessels of woody plants, blocking water transport and potentially causing shoot dieback. Thus drought hardly species of coastal sage and chaparral are either extremely resistant to water stress-induced embolism or they become severely embolized during summer drought. We compared the seasonal changes in xylem water potential and xylem embolism (percent loss in hydraulic conductivity of stem segments due to air emboli) between co-occurring Salvia mellifera (coastal sage) and Ceanothus megacarpus (chaparral) growing in the Santa Monica Mountains of southern California. We also determined the relative sensitivity of each species to water stress induced embolism by artificially dehydrating branches and measuring percent loss in hydraulic conductivity of xylem tissues at a given water potential. We found that both species experienced the same minimum in seasonal water potentials (-8MPa) but the xylem of S. mellifera lost 78% in hydraulic conductivity whereas the xylem of C. megacarpus lost only 17% in hydraulic conductivity. These values for a natural plant community were within 10% of those predicted by our artificial dehydration curves. Our estimate of susceptibility to water stress-induced embolism indicated that 50% loss in hydraulic conductivity would occur at -4.5 MPa for S. mellifera but at @o11 MPa for C. megacarpus. Irrigation of S. mellifera for one summer reduced loss in conductivity from 78 to 38% and increased leaf areas 10-fold, indicating that xylem embolism and leaf drop were drought induced. Our results show that xylem tissues of S. mellifera are more sensitive to water stress and tissue dehydration than those of co-occurring C. megacarpus. The observed ability of S. mellifera to inhabit drier sites than C. megacarpus may result from drought deciduousness in summer and high growth rates in spring that facilitate rapid construction of new xylem and leaf tissues. It may be that facultative drought deciduousness in coastal sage is tightly coupled to drought-induced embolism of xylem tissues. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.2307/1941723 |
| format | Article |
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Such low water potentials (high tensions on xylem water) are known to cause severe embolism formation in the xylem vessels of woody plants, blocking water transport and potentially causing shoot dieback. Thus drought hardly species of coastal sage and chaparral are either extremely resistant to water stress-induced embolism or they become severely embolized during summer drought. We compared the seasonal changes in xylem water potential and xylem embolism (percent loss in hydraulic conductivity of stem segments due to air emboli) between co-occurring Salvia mellifera (coastal sage) and Ceanothus megacarpus (chaparral) growing in the Santa Monica Mountains of southern California. We also determined the relative sensitivity of each species to water stress induced embolism by artificially dehydrating branches and measuring percent loss in hydraulic conductivity of xylem tissues at a given water potential. We found that both species experienced the same minimum in seasonal water potentials (-8MPa) but the xylem of S. mellifera lost 78% in hydraulic conductivity whereas the xylem of C. megacarpus lost only 17% in hydraulic conductivity. These values for a natural plant community were within 10% of those predicted by our artificial dehydration curves. Our estimate of susceptibility to water stress-induced embolism indicated that 50% loss in hydraulic conductivity would occur at -4.5 MPa for S. mellifera but at @o11 MPa for C. megacarpus. Irrigation of S. mellifera for one summer reduced loss in conductivity from 78 to 38% and increased leaf areas 10-fold, indicating that xylem embolism and leaf drop were drought induced. Our results show that xylem tissues of S. mellifera are more sensitive to water stress and tissue dehydration than those of co-occurring C. megacarpus. The observed ability of S. mellifera to inhabit drier sites than C. megacarpus may result from drought deciduousness in summer and high growth rates in spring that facilitate rapid construction of new xylem and leaf tissues. It may be that facultative drought deciduousness in coastal sage is tightly coupled to drought-induced embolism of xylem tissues.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0012-9658</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1939-9170</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.2307/1941723</identifier><identifier>CODEN: ECGYAQ</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Washington, DC: The Ecological Society of America</publisher><subject>Animal and plant ecology ; Animal, plant and microbial ecology ; Autoecology ; Biological and medical sciences ; Botany ; CALIFORNIA ; CALIFORNIE ; CEANOTHUS ; ceanothus megacarpus ; Chaparral ; CHEMICOPHYSICAL PROPERTIES ; DEHYDRATION ; DESHIDRATACION ; DESHYDRATATION ; Drought ; DROUGHT RESISTANCE ; DROUGHT STRESS ; Embolisms ; ESTRES DE SEQUIA ; Flowers & plants ; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology ; HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY ; Leaf area ; Plants ; Plants and fungi ; POTENTIEL HYDRIQUE ; PROPIEDADES FISICO-QUIMICAS ; PROPRIETE PHYSICOCHIMIQUE ; RESISTANCE A LA SECHERESSE ; RESISTENCIA A LA SEQUIA ; RHAMNACEAE ; Sage ; SALVIA ; SALVIA (GENERO) ; salvia mellifera ; SEASONAL VARIATION ; Shrubs ; STRESS DU A LA SECHERESSE ; TENSION DE ABSORCION ; VARIACION ESTACIONAL ; VARIATION SAISONNIERE ; Water ; WATER POTENTIAL ; WATER STRESS ; XILEMA ; XYLEM ; XYLEME</subject><ispartof>Ecology (Durham), 1994-04, Vol.75 (3), p.648-659</ispartof><rights>Copyright 1994 The Ecological Society of America</rights><rights>1994 by the Ecological Society of America</rights><rights>1994 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>Copyright Ecological Society of America Apr 1994</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c3138-8511272745c63a436ac7826d97f3d21f9a7d87db31b7485be3b7942d536f03fb3</citedby></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.jstor.org/stable/pdf/1941723$$EPDF$$P50$$Gjstor$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.jstor.org/stable/1941723$$EHTML$$P50$$Gjstor$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,799,27848,27903,27904,57995,58228</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=4126585$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Kolb, Kimberley J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Davis, Stephen D.</creatorcontrib><title>Drought tolerance and xylem embolism in co-occurring species of coastal sage and chaparral</title><title>Ecology (Durham)</title><description>Some species of coastal sage and chaparral shrubs of California are extremely tolerant of tissue dehydration, surviving water potentials as low as -9 MPa during dry summer months. Such low water potentials (high tensions on xylem water) are known to cause severe embolism formation in the xylem vessels of woody plants, blocking water transport and potentially causing shoot dieback. Thus drought hardly species of coastal sage and chaparral are either extremely resistant to water stress-induced embolism or they become severely embolized during summer drought. We compared the seasonal changes in xylem water potential and xylem embolism (percent loss in hydraulic conductivity of stem segments due to air emboli) between co-occurring Salvia mellifera (coastal sage) and Ceanothus megacarpus (chaparral) growing in the Santa Monica Mountains of southern California. We also determined the relative sensitivity of each species to water stress induced embolism by artificially dehydrating branches and measuring percent loss in hydraulic conductivity of xylem tissues at a given water potential. We found that both species experienced the same minimum in seasonal water potentials (-8MPa) but the xylem of S. mellifera lost 78% in hydraulic conductivity whereas the xylem of C. megacarpus lost only 17% in hydraulic conductivity. These values for a natural plant community were within 10% of those predicted by our artificial dehydration curves. Our estimate of susceptibility to water stress-induced embolism indicated that 50% loss in hydraulic conductivity would occur at -4.5 MPa for S. mellifera but at @o11 MPa for C. megacarpus. Irrigation of S. mellifera for one summer reduced loss in conductivity from 78 to 38% and increased leaf areas 10-fold, indicating that xylem embolism and leaf drop were drought induced. Our results show that xylem tissues of S. mellifera are more sensitive to water stress and tissue dehydration than those of co-occurring C. megacarpus. The observed ability of S. mellifera to inhabit drier sites than C. megacarpus may result from drought deciduousness in summer and high growth rates in spring that facilitate rapid construction of new xylem and leaf tissues. It may be that facultative drought deciduousness in coastal sage is tightly coupled to drought-induced embolism of xylem tissues.</description><subject>Animal and plant ecology</subject><subject>Animal, plant and microbial ecology</subject><subject>Autoecology</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Botany</subject><subject>CALIFORNIA</subject><subject>CALIFORNIE</subject><subject>CEANOTHUS</subject><subject>ceanothus megacarpus</subject><subject>Chaparral</subject><subject>CHEMICOPHYSICAL PROPERTIES</subject><subject>DEHYDRATION</subject><subject>DESHIDRATACION</subject><subject>DESHYDRATATION</subject><subject>Drought</subject><subject>DROUGHT RESISTANCE</subject><subject>DROUGHT STRESS</subject><subject>Embolisms</subject><subject>ESTRES DE SEQUIA</subject><subject>Flowers & plants</subject><subject>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</subject><subject>HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY</subject><subject>Leaf area</subject><subject>Plants</subject><subject>Plants and fungi</subject><subject>POTENTIEL HYDRIQUE</subject><subject>PROPIEDADES FISICO-QUIMICAS</subject><subject>PROPRIETE PHYSICOCHIMIQUE</subject><subject>RESISTANCE A LA SECHERESSE</subject><subject>RESISTENCIA A LA SEQUIA</subject><subject>RHAMNACEAE</subject><subject>Sage</subject><subject>SALVIA</subject><subject>SALVIA (GENERO)</subject><subject>salvia mellifera</subject><subject>SEASONAL VARIATION</subject><subject>Shrubs</subject><subject>STRESS DU A LA SECHERESSE</subject><subject>TENSION DE ABSORCION</subject><subject>VARIACION ESTACIONAL</subject><subject>VARIATION SAISONNIERE</subject><subject>Water</subject><subject>WATER POTENTIAL</subject><subject>WATER STRESS</subject><subject>XILEMA</subject><subject>XYLEM</subject><subject>XYLEME</subject><issn>0012-9658</issn><issn>1939-9170</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>1994</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>K30</sourceid><sourceid>8G5</sourceid><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><sourceid>GNUQQ</sourceid><sourceid>GUQSH</sourceid><sourceid>M2O</sourceid><recordid>eNp90M1rFDEYBvAgFdxW8e4pqNDTaN58TJKjbL-EggftQS_DO5lkO8vsZJvMovvfN8ss7anmEgi_PG_yEPIe2BcumP4KVoLm4hVZgBW2sqDZCVkwBryytTJvyGnOa1YWSLMgfy5S3K3uJzrFwSccnac4dvTffvAb6jdtHPq8of1IXayic7uU-nFF89a73mcaQznHPOFAM67mq-4et5gSDm_J64BD9u-O-xm5u7r8tbypbn9cf19-u62cAGEqowC45loqVwuUokanDa87q4PoOASLujO6awW0WhrVetFqK3mnRB2YCK04Ix_n3G2KDzufp2Ydd2ksIxsOloGStSno00sIuK2lEIof1PmsXIo5Jx-abeo3mPYNsObQbnNst8jPxzzMDodwqK7PT1wCL12rwvjM_vaD37-U1lwuf4O1Upc_SfOcvc5TTP95woeZBYwNrlIZf_fTSqkUl-IRPgSYXw</recordid><startdate>199404</startdate><enddate>199404</enddate><creator>Kolb, Kimberley J.</creator><creator>Davis, Stephen D.</creator><general>The Ecological Society of America</general><general>Ecological Society of America</general><general>Brooklyn Botanic Garden, etc</general><scope>FBQ</scope><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>FIXVA</scope><scope>FKUCP</scope><scope>IOIBA</scope><scope>K30</scope><scope>PAAUG</scope><scope>PAWHS</scope><scope>PAWZZ</scope><scope>PAXOH</scope><scope>PBHAV</scope><scope>PBQSW</scope><scope>PBYQZ</scope><scope>PCIWU</scope><scope>PCMID</scope><scope>PCZJX</scope><scope>PDGRG</scope><scope>PDWWI</scope><scope>PETMR</scope><scope>PFVGT</scope><scope>PGXDX</scope><scope>PIHIL</scope><scope>PISVA</scope><scope>PJCTQ</scope><scope>PJTMS</scope><scope>PLCHJ</scope><scope>PMHAD</scope><scope>PNQDJ</scope><scope>POUND</scope><scope>PPLAD</scope><scope>PQAPC</scope><scope>PQCAN</scope><scope>PQCMW</scope><scope>PQEME</scope><scope>PQHKH</scope><scope>PQMID</scope><scope>PQNCT</scope><scope>PQNET</scope><scope>PQSCT</scope><scope>PQSET</scope><scope>PSVJG</scope><scope>PVMQY</scope><scope>PZGFC</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7QG</scope><scope>7SN</scope><scope>7SS</scope><scope>7ST</scope><scope>7T7</scope><scope>7X2</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88A</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>88I</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FH</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>8G5</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AEUYN</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>ATCPS</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BBNVY</scope><scope>BEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>BKSAR</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>GUQSH</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>L.-</scope><scope>LK8</scope><scope>M0K</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M2O</scope><scope>M2P</scope><scope>M7P</scope><scope>MBDVC</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>PATMY</scope><scope>PCBAR</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>PYCSY</scope><scope>Q9U</scope><scope>R05</scope><scope>RC3</scope><scope>SOI</scope></search><sort><creationdate>199404</creationdate><title>Drought tolerance and xylem embolism in co-occurring species of coastal sage and chaparral</title><author>Kolb, Kimberley J. ; Davis, Stephen D.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c3138-8511272745c63a436ac7826d97f3d21f9a7d87db31b7485be3b7942d536f03fb3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>1994</creationdate><topic>Animal and plant ecology</topic><topic>Animal, plant and microbial ecology</topic><topic>Autoecology</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>Botany</topic><topic>CALIFORNIA</topic><topic>CALIFORNIE</topic><topic>CEANOTHUS</topic><topic>ceanothus megacarpus</topic><topic>Chaparral</topic><topic>CHEMICOPHYSICAL PROPERTIES</topic><topic>DEHYDRATION</topic><topic>DESHIDRATACION</topic><topic>DESHYDRATATION</topic><topic>Drought</topic><topic>DROUGHT RESISTANCE</topic><topic>DROUGHT STRESS</topic><topic>Embolisms</topic><topic>ESTRES DE SEQUIA</topic><topic>Flowers & plants</topic><topic>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</topic><topic>HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY</topic><topic>Leaf area</topic><topic>Plants</topic><topic>Plants and fungi</topic><topic>POTENTIEL HYDRIQUE</topic><topic>PROPIEDADES FISICO-QUIMICAS</topic><topic>PROPRIETE PHYSICOCHIMIQUE</topic><topic>RESISTANCE A LA SECHERESSE</topic><topic>RESISTENCIA A LA SEQUIA</topic><topic>RHAMNACEAE</topic><topic>Sage</topic><topic>SALVIA</topic><topic>SALVIA (GENERO)</topic><topic>salvia mellifera</topic><topic>SEASONAL VARIATION</topic><topic>Shrubs</topic><topic>STRESS DU A LA SECHERESSE</topic><topic>TENSION DE ABSORCION</topic><topic>VARIACION ESTACIONAL</topic><topic>VARIATION SAISONNIERE</topic><topic>Water</topic><topic>WATER POTENTIAL</topic><topic>WATER STRESS</topic><topic>XILEMA</topic><topic>XYLEM</topic><topic>XYLEME</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Kolb, Kimberley J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Davis, Stephen D.</creatorcontrib><collection>AGRIS</collection><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Periodicals Index Online Segment 03</collection><collection>Periodicals Index Online Segment 04</collection><collection>Periodicals Index Online Segment 29</collection><collection>Periodicals Index Online</collection><collection>Primary Sources Access—Foundation Edition (Plan E) - 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Such low water potentials (high tensions on xylem water) are known to cause severe embolism formation in the xylem vessels of woody plants, blocking water transport and potentially causing shoot dieback. Thus drought hardly species of coastal sage and chaparral are either extremely resistant to water stress-induced embolism or they become severely embolized during summer drought. We compared the seasonal changes in xylem water potential and xylem embolism (percent loss in hydraulic conductivity of stem segments due to air emboli) between co-occurring Salvia mellifera (coastal sage) and Ceanothus megacarpus (chaparral) growing in the Santa Monica Mountains of southern California. We also determined the relative sensitivity of each species to water stress induced embolism by artificially dehydrating branches and measuring percent loss in hydraulic conductivity of xylem tissues at a given water potential. We found that both species experienced the same minimum in seasonal water potentials (-8MPa) but the xylem of S. mellifera lost 78% in hydraulic conductivity whereas the xylem of C. megacarpus lost only 17% in hydraulic conductivity. These values for a natural plant community were within 10% of those predicted by our artificial dehydration curves. Our estimate of susceptibility to water stress-induced embolism indicated that 50% loss in hydraulic conductivity would occur at -4.5 MPa for S. mellifera but at @o11 MPa for C. megacarpus. Irrigation of S. mellifera for one summer reduced loss in conductivity from 78 to 38% and increased leaf areas 10-fold, indicating that xylem embolism and leaf drop were drought induced. Our results show that xylem tissues of S. mellifera are more sensitive to water stress and tissue dehydration than those of co-occurring C. megacarpus. The observed ability of S. mellifera to inhabit drier sites than C. megacarpus may result from drought deciduousness in summer and high growth rates in spring that facilitate rapid construction of new xylem and leaf tissues. It may be that facultative drought deciduousness in coastal sage is tightly coupled to drought-induced embolism of xylem tissues.</abstract><cop>Washington, DC</cop><pub>The Ecological Society of America</pub><doi>10.2307/1941723</doi><tpages>12</tpages></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
| identifier | ISSN: 0012-9658 |
| ispartof | Ecology (Durham), 1994-04, Vol.75 (3), p.648-659 |
| issn | 0012-9658 1939-9170 |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_proquest_journals_219015468 |
| source | Periodicals Index Online; Jstor Complete Legacy |
| subjects | Animal and plant ecology Animal, plant and microbial ecology Autoecology Biological and medical sciences Botany CALIFORNIA CALIFORNIE CEANOTHUS ceanothus megacarpus Chaparral CHEMICOPHYSICAL PROPERTIES DEHYDRATION DESHIDRATACION DESHYDRATATION Drought DROUGHT RESISTANCE DROUGHT STRESS Embolisms ESTRES DE SEQUIA Flowers & plants Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY Leaf area Plants Plants and fungi POTENTIEL HYDRIQUE PROPIEDADES FISICO-QUIMICAS PROPRIETE PHYSICOCHIMIQUE RESISTANCE A LA SECHERESSE RESISTENCIA A LA SEQUIA RHAMNACEAE Sage SALVIA SALVIA (GENERO) salvia mellifera SEASONAL VARIATION Shrubs STRESS DU A LA SECHERESSE TENSION DE ABSORCION VARIACION ESTACIONAL VARIATION SAISONNIERE Water WATER POTENTIAL WATER STRESS XILEMA XYLEM XYLEME |
| title | Drought tolerance and xylem embolism in co-occurring species of coastal sage and chaparral |
| url | https://sfx.bib-bvb.de/sfx_tum?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2025-01-26T12%3A55%3A10IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-jstor_proqu&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Drought%20tolerance%20and%20xylem%20embolism%20in%20co-occurring%20species%20of%20coastal%20sage%20and%20chaparral&rft.jtitle=Ecology%20(Durham)&rft.au=Kolb,%20Kimberley%20J.&rft.date=1994-04&rft.volume=75&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=648&rft.epage=659&rft.pages=648-659&rft.issn=0012-9658&rft.eissn=1939-9170&rft.coden=ECGYAQ&rft_id=info:doi/10.2307/1941723&rft_dat=%3Cjstor_proqu%3E1941723%3C/jstor_proqu%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&disable_directlink=true&sfx.directlink=off&sfx.report_link=0&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=219015468&rft_id=info:pmid/&rft_jstor_id=1941723&rfr_iscdi=true |