Numerical simulation of heat and mass transfer during Czochralski silicon crystal growth under the application of crystal-crucible counter- and iso-rotations

•Crystal- crucible counter- and iso-rotations are investigated.•At low iso-rotation difference, diffusion effect on oxygen transport is stronger than convection effect.•Flow transition occurs when the crystal and crucible have the same iso-rotation rate.•Lower content and larger radial uniformity of...

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