Impact Ejecta Plumes at the Moon
The Lunar Dust Experiment, on‐board National Aeronautics and Space Administration's Lunar Atmosphere and Dust Environment Explorer, observed significant enhancements in impact rate measurements of lunar ejecta. These enhancements were attributed to the spacecraft crossing dense ejecta plumes ge...
Gespeichert in:
Veröffentlicht in: | Geophysical research letters 2019-01, Vol.46 (2), p.534-543 |
---|---|
Hauptverfasser: | , , |
Format: | Artikel |
Sprache: | eng |
Schlagworte: | |
Online-Zugang: | Volltext |
Tags: |
Tag hinzufügen
Keine Tags, Fügen Sie den ersten Tag hinzu!
|
container_end_page | 543 |
---|---|
container_issue | 2 |
container_start_page | 534 |
container_title | Geophysical research letters |
container_volume | 46 |
creator | Bernardoni, Edwin A. Szalay, Jamey R. Horányi, Mihály |
description | The Lunar Dust Experiment, on‐board National Aeronautics and Space Administration's Lunar Atmosphere and Dust Environment Explorer, observed significant enhancements in impact rate measurements of lunar ejecta. These enhancements were attributed to the spacecraft crossing dense ejecta plumes generated by well‐timed and well‐placed interplanetary meteoroid impacts on the lunar surface. We have used a Monte Carlo approach to implement an initial speed distribution, derived from globally averaged Lunar Dust Experiment observations, in a 3‐D dynamical model describing the ballistic motion of ejecta particles. By matching this model to the observed enhancements, we constrained the initial ejecta angular distribution of these plumes. Our results indicate that lunar impact ejecta plumes reaching altitudes exceeding 24 km are far narrower than previously thought, with initial opening half angles of 8°±3°, suggesting that the high‐altitude lunar dust cloud may be dominated by reverse plumes.
Plain Language Summary
Earth's Moon is surrounded by an ever‐present dust cloud produced by meteoroids impacting its surface. By measuring this dust cloud and comparing to computer simulations, we can determine certain properties of the meteoroids producing it such as size, mass, and speed. This information, in turn, is important for determining how protected a spacecraft needs to be to survive the journey through our solar system. To derive these meteoroid properties, however, we must first determine the average shape of the ejecta dust produced by one impact. Objects impacting a powdery surface typically shoot a cone of dust upward. This article aims to determine how wide and hollow this cone is on average by comparing measurements of the lunar dust cloud acquired by the Lunar Dust Experiment on‐board National Aeronautics and Space Administration's Lunar Atmosphere and Dust Environment Explorer with a 3‐D simulation of a meteoroid impact. We find that the cone is far narrower that previously thought.
Key Points
The first in situ measurements of individual impact ejecta plumes at the Moon are further characterized
Lunar impact ejecta plumes are far narrower than previously assumed
The high‐altitude dust environment of a regolith body may be dominated by reverse plumes |
doi_str_mv | 10.1029/2018GL079994 |
format | Article |
fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>proquest_cross</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_proquest_journals_2179379901</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><sourcerecordid>2179379901</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c3060-9140d2f8f3b601bf1b5dd2cf329750ddbbace17ce813ba44241fb3b8ec4335a93</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNp90E1LxDAQBuAgCtbVmz-g4NXqTJJ-5CjLWhcqiug5JGmCW9ptTVpk__1W6sGTp5nDwzvMS8g1wh0CFfcUsCgryIUQ_IREKDhPCoD8lEQAYt5pnp2TixAaAGDAMCLxthuUGeNNY82o4td26myI1RiPnzZ-7vv9JTlzqg326neuyMfj5n39lFQv5Xb9UCWGQQaJQA41dYVjOgPUDnVa19Q4RkWeQl1rrYzF3NgCmVacU45OM11YwxlLlWArcrPkDr7_mmwYZdNPfj-flBRzweanAGd1uyjj-xC8dXLwu075g0SQPx3Ivx3MnC78e9faw79Wlm9VWnAO7AiFD1qU</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Aggregation Database</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>2179379901</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Impact Ejecta Plumes at the Moon</title><source>Access via Wiley Online Library</source><source>Wiley-Blackwell AGU Digital Library</source><source>EZB-FREE-00999 freely available EZB journals</source><source>Wiley Online Library (Open Access Collection)</source><creator>Bernardoni, Edwin A. ; Szalay, Jamey R. ; Horányi, Mihály</creator><creatorcontrib>Bernardoni, Edwin A. ; Szalay, Jamey R. ; Horányi, Mihály</creatorcontrib><description>The Lunar Dust Experiment, on‐board National Aeronautics and Space Administration's Lunar Atmosphere and Dust Environment Explorer, observed significant enhancements in impact rate measurements of lunar ejecta. These enhancements were attributed to the spacecraft crossing dense ejecta plumes generated by well‐timed and well‐placed interplanetary meteoroid impacts on the lunar surface. We have used a Monte Carlo approach to implement an initial speed distribution, derived from globally averaged Lunar Dust Experiment observations, in a 3‐D dynamical model describing the ballistic motion of ejecta particles. By matching this model to the observed enhancements, we constrained the initial ejecta angular distribution of these plumes. Our results indicate that lunar impact ejecta plumes reaching altitudes exceeding 24 km are far narrower than previously thought, with initial opening half angles of 8°±3°, suggesting that the high‐altitude lunar dust cloud may be dominated by reverse plumes.
Plain Language Summary
Earth's Moon is surrounded by an ever‐present dust cloud produced by meteoroids impacting its surface. By measuring this dust cloud and comparing to computer simulations, we can determine certain properties of the meteoroids producing it such as size, mass, and speed. This information, in turn, is important for determining how protected a spacecraft needs to be to survive the journey through our solar system. To derive these meteoroid properties, however, we must first determine the average shape of the ejecta dust produced by one impact. Objects impacting a powdery surface typically shoot a cone of dust upward. This article aims to determine how wide and hollow this cone is on average by comparing measurements of the lunar dust cloud acquired by the Lunar Dust Experiment on‐board National Aeronautics and Space Administration's Lunar Atmosphere and Dust Environment Explorer with a 3‐D simulation of a meteoroid impact. We find that the cone is far narrower that previously thought.
Key Points
The first in situ measurements of individual impact ejecta plumes at the Moon are further characterized
Lunar impact ejecta plumes are far narrower than previously assumed
The high‐altitude dust environment of a regolith body may be dominated by reverse plumes</description><identifier>ISSN: 0094-8276</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1944-8007</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1029/2018GL079994</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Washington: John Wiley & Sons, Inc</publisher><subject>Aeronautics ; Angular distribution ; Atmosphere ; Atmospheric particulates ; Clouds ; Computer simulation ; Dust ; Dust clouds ; Dust storms ; Earth ; Ejecta ; Experiments ; High altitude ; interplanetary dust ; Lunar atmosphere ; Lunar dust ; Lunar exploration ; Lunar spacecraft ; Lunar surface ; Mathematical models ; meteoroid ; Meteoroids ; Meteors & meteorites ; Model matching ; Moon ; Plumes ; Properties ; Solar system ; Spacecraft ; Statistical methods ; Survival</subject><ispartof>Geophysical research letters, 2019-01, Vol.46 (2), p.534-543</ispartof><rights>2018. American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved.</rights><rights>2019. American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c3060-9140d2f8f3b601bf1b5dd2cf329750ddbbace17ce813ba44241fb3b8ec4335a93</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c3060-9140d2f8f3b601bf1b5dd2cf329750ddbbace17ce813ba44241fb3b8ec4335a93</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-5920-9226 ; 0000-0002-6191-3028 ; 0000-0003-2685-9801</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1029%2F2018GL079994$$EPDF$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1029%2F2018GL079994$$EHTML$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,1417,1433,11514,27924,27925,45574,45575,46409,46468,46833,46892</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Bernardoni, Edwin A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Szalay, Jamey R.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Horányi, Mihály</creatorcontrib><title>Impact Ejecta Plumes at the Moon</title><title>Geophysical research letters</title><description>The Lunar Dust Experiment, on‐board National Aeronautics and Space Administration's Lunar Atmosphere and Dust Environment Explorer, observed significant enhancements in impact rate measurements of lunar ejecta. These enhancements were attributed to the spacecraft crossing dense ejecta plumes generated by well‐timed and well‐placed interplanetary meteoroid impacts on the lunar surface. We have used a Monte Carlo approach to implement an initial speed distribution, derived from globally averaged Lunar Dust Experiment observations, in a 3‐D dynamical model describing the ballistic motion of ejecta particles. By matching this model to the observed enhancements, we constrained the initial ejecta angular distribution of these plumes. Our results indicate that lunar impact ejecta plumes reaching altitudes exceeding 24 km are far narrower than previously thought, with initial opening half angles of 8°±3°, suggesting that the high‐altitude lunar dust cloud may be dominated by reverse plumes.
Plain Language Summary
Earth's Moon is surrounded by an ever‐present dust cloud produced by meteoroids impacting its surface. By measuring this dust cloud and comparing to computer simulations, we can determine certain properties of the meteoroids producing it such as size, mass, and speed. This information, in turn, is important for determining how protected a spacecraft needs to be to survive the journey through our solar system. To derive these meteoroid properties, however, we must first determine the average shape of the ejecta dust produced by one impact. Objects impacting a powdery surface typically shoot a cone of dust upward. This article aims to determine how wide and hollow this cone is on average by comparing measurements of the lunar dust cloud acquired by the Lunar Dust Experiment on‐board National Aeronautics and Space Administration's Lunar Atmosphere and Dust Environment Explorer with a 3‐D simulation of a meteoroid impact. We find that the cone is far narrower that previously thought.
Key Points
The first in situ measurements of individual impact ejecta plumes at the Moon are further characterized
Lunar impact ejecta plumes are far narrower than previously assumed
The high‐altitude dust environment of a regolith body may be dominated by reverse plumes</description><subject>Aeronautics</subject><subject>Angular distribution</subject><subject>Atmosphere</subject><subject>Atmospheric particulates</subject><subject>Clouds</subject><subject>Computer simulation</subject><subject>Dust</subject><subject>Dust clouds</subject><subject>Dust storms</subject><subject>Earth</subject><subject>Ejecta</subject><subject>Experiments</subject><subject>High altitude</subject><subject>interplanetary dust</subject><subject>Lunar atmosphere</subject><subject>Lunar dust</subject><subject>Lunar exploration</subject><subject>Lunar spacecraft</subject><subject>Lunar surface</subject><subject>Mathematical models</subject><subject>meteoroid</subject><subject>Meteoroids</subject><subject>Meteors & meteorites</subject><subject>Model matching</subject><subject>Moon</subject><subject>Plumes</subject><subject>Properties</subject><subject>Solar system</subject><subject>Spacecraft</subject><subject>Statistical methods</subject><subject>Survival</subject><issn>0094-8276</issn><issn>1944-8007</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2019</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNp90E1LxDAQBuAgCtbVmz-g4NXqTJJ-5CjLWhcqiug5JGmCW9ptTVpk__1W6sGTp5nDwzvMS8g1wh0CFfcUsCgryIUQ_IREKDhPCoD8lEQAYt5pnp2TixAaAGDAMCLxthuUGeNNY82o4td26myI1RiPnzZ-7vv9JTlzqg326neuyMfj5n39lFQv5Xb9UCWGQQaJQA41dYVjOgPUDnVa19Q4RkWeQl1rrYzF3NgCmVacU45OM11YwxlLlWArcrPkDr7_mmwYZdNPfj-flBRzweanAGd1uyjj-xC8dXLwu075g0SQPx3Ivx3MnC78e9faw79Wlm9VWnAO7AiFD1qU</recordid><startdate>20190128</startdate><enddate>20190128</enddate><creator>Bernardoni, Edwin A.</creator><creator>Szalay, Jamey R.</creator><creator>Horányi, Mihály</creator><general>John Wiley & Sons, Inc</general><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7TG</scope><scope>7TN</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>F1W</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>H8D</scope><scope>H96</scope><scope>KL.</scope><scope>KR7</scope><scope>L.G</scope><scope>L7M</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5920-9226</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6191-3028</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2685-9801</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20190128</creationdate><title>Impact Ejecta Plumes at the Moon</title><author>Bernardoni, Edwin A. ; Szalay, Jamey R. ; Horányi, Mihály</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c3060-9140d2f8f3b601bf1b5dd2cf329750ddbbace17ce813ba44241fb3b8ec4335a93</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2019</creationdate><topic>Aeronautics</topic><topic>Angular distribution</topic><topic>Atmosphere</topic><topic>Atmospheric particulates</topic><topic>Clouds</topic><topic>Computer simulation</topic><topic>Dust</topic><topic>Dust clouds</topic><topic>Dust storms</topic><topic>Earth</topic><topic>Ejecta</topic><topic>Experiments</topic><topic>High altitude</topic><topic>interplanetary dust</topic><topic>Lunar atmosphere</topic><topic>Lunar dust</topic><topic>Lunar exploration</topic><topic>Lunar spacecraft</topic><topic>Lunar surface</topic><topic>Mathematical models</topic><topic>meteoroid</topic><topic>Meteoroids</topic><topic>Meteors & meteorites</topic><topic>Model matching</topic><topic>Moon</topic><topic>Plumes</topic><topic>Properties</topic><topic>Solar system</topic><topic>Spacecraft</topic><topic>Statistical methods</topic><topic>Survival</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Bernardoni, Edwin A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Szalay, Jamey R.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Horányi, Mihály</creatorcontrib><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts</collection><collection>Oceanic Abstracts</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>ASFA: Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Abstracts</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>Aerospace Database</collection><collection>Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) 2: Ocean Technology, Policy & Non-Living Resources</collection><collection>Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts - Academic</collection><collection>Civil Engineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) Professional</collection><collection>Advanced Technologies Database with Aerospace</collection><jtitle>Geophysical research letters</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Bernardoni, Edwin A.</au><au>Szalay, Jamey R.</au><au>Horányi, Mihály</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Impact Ejecta Plumes at the Moon</atitle><jtitle>Geophysical research letters</jtitle><date>2019-01-28</date><risdate>2019</risdate><volume>46</volume><issue>2</issue><spage>534</spage><epage>543</epage><pages>534-543</pages><issn>0094-8276</issn><eissn>1944-8007</eissn><abstract>The Lunar Dust Experiment, on‐board National Aeronautics and Space Administration's Lunar Atmosphere and Dust Environment Explorer, observed significant enhancements in impact rate measurements of lunar ejecta. These enhancements were attributed to the spacecraft crossing dense ejecta plumes generated by well‐timed and well‐placed interplanetary meteoroid impacts on the lunar surface. We have used a Monte Carlo approach to implement an initial speed distribution, derived from globally averaged Lunar Dust Experiment observations, in a 3‐D dynamical model describing the ballistic motion of ejecta particles. By matching this model to the observed enhancements, we constrained the initial ejecta angular distribution of these plumes. Our results indicate that lunar impact ejecta plumes reaching altitudes exceeding 24 km are far narrower than previously thought, with initial opening half angles of 8°±3°, suggesting that the high‐altitude lunar dust cloud may be dominated by reverse plumes.
Plain Language Summary
Earth's Moon is surrounded by an ever‐present dust cloud produced by meteoroids impacting its surface. By measuring this dust cloud and comparing to computer simulations, we can determine certain properties of the meteoroids producing it such as size, mass, and speed. This information, in turn, is important for determining how protected a spacecraft needs to be to survive the journey through our solar system. To derive these meteoroid properties, however, we must first determine the average shape of the ejecta dust produced by one impact. Objects impacting a powdery surface typically shoot a cone of dust upward. This article aims to determine how wide and hollow this cone is on average by comparing measurements of the lunar dust cloud acquired by the Lunar Dust Experiment on‐board National Aeronautics and Space Administration's Lunar Atmosphere and Dust Environment Explorer with a 3‐D simulation of a meteoroid impact. We find that the cone is far narrower that previously thought.
Key Points
The first in situ measurements of individual impact ejecta plumes at the Moon are further characterized
Lunar impact ejecta plumes are far narrower than previously assumed
The high‐altitude dust environment of a regolith body may be dominated by reverse plumes</abstract><cop>Washington</cop><pub>John Wiley & Sons, Inc</pub><doi>10.1029/2018GL079994</doi><tpages>10</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5920-9226</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6191-3028</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2685-9801</orcidid></addata></record> |
fulltext | fulltext |
identifier | ISSN: 0094-8276 |
ispartof | Geophysical research letters, 2019-01, Vol.46 (2), p.534-543 |
issn | 0094-8276 1944-8007 |
language | eng |
recordid | cdi_proquest_journals_2179379901 |
source | Access via Wiley Online Library; Wiley-Blackwell AGU Digital Library; EZB-FREE-00999 freely available EZB journals; Wiley Online Library (Open Access Collection) |
subjects | Aeronautics Angular distribution Atmosphere Atmospheric particulates Clouds Computer simulation Dust Dust clouds Dust storms Earth Ejecta Experiments High altitude interplanetary dust Lunar atmosphere Lunar dust Lunar exploration Lunar spacecraft Lunar surface Mathematical models meteoroid Meteoroids Meteors & meteorites Model matching Moon Plumes Properties Solar system Spacecraft Statistical methods Survival |
title | Impact Ejecta Plumes at the Moon |
url | https://sfx.bib-bvb.de/sfx_tum?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2024-12-25T03%3A26%3A08IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-proquest_cross&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Impact%20Ejecta%20Plumes%20at%20the%20Moon&rft.jtitle=Geophysical%20research%20letters&rft.au=Bernardoni,%20Edwin%20A.&rft.date=2019-01-28&rft.volume=46&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=534&rft.epage=543&rft.pages=534-543&rft.issn=0094-8276&rft.eissn=1944-8007&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029/2018GL079994&rft_dat=%3Cproquest_cross%3E2179379901%3C/proquest_cross%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&disable_directlink=true&sfx.directlink=off&sfx.report_link=0&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=2179379901&rft_id=info:pmid/&rfr_iscdi=true |