Curing kinetics of liquid crystalline 4,4′-Diglycidyloxybiphenyl epoxy cured with 4,4′-Diaminodiphenylsulfone
Liquid crystalline epoxy resins (LCERs) have been reported as a promising polymeric material with a high thermal conductivity. Among them, 4,4′-diglycidyloxybiphenyl (BP) epoxy with the simplest molecular structure for the formation of a liquid crystal (LC) phase appears most suitable for practical...
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| description | Liquid crystalline epoxy resins (LCERs) have been reported as a promising polymeric material with a high thermal conductivity. Among them, 4,4′-diglycidyloxybiphenyl (BP) epoxy with the simplest molecular structure for the formation of a liquid crystal (LC) phase appears most suitable for practical applications. In particular, it is known that BP epoxy cured by 4,4′-diaminodiphenylsulfone (DDS) exhibits a high thermal conductivity of 0.34 W/m K; however, their detailed curing reaction mechanism and kinetics have not been reported yet. Herein, the detailed mechanism and kinetics of the curing reaction between BP and DDS are reported. The curing reactions in the temperature range of 150–230 °C are investigated with the mixed model of the nth order and autocatalytic mechanism. The reaction order (m and n), reaction rate (dα/dt), rate constant (k1 and k2), and degree of conversion (α) are analyzed at several temperatures, where subscripts 1 and 2 represent the nth order and autocatalytic reaction, respectively. The kinetic parameters, activation energy, and pre-exponential factor, were determined as Ea1 = 60.76 kJ/mol, Ea2 = 57.20 kJ/mol, A1 = 4.08 × 104 min−1, and A2 = 101.22 × 104 min−1, which are in good agreement with the experimental data. Furthermore, the kinetic data could be utilized to predict and control the curing behaviors and the properties of the LCER for further application.
[Display omitted]
•Curing kinetics of liquid crystalline BP epoxy with DDS is comprehensively investigated by DSC analyses.•The reaction order, reaction rate, rate constant, and degree of conversion are analyzed at five different temperatures.•The activation energies of the curing reaction are determined as Ea1 = 60.76 kJ/mol, and Ea2 = 57.20 kJ/mol.•The pre-exponential factors are assigned as A1 = 4.08⋅104 min−1, and A2 = 101.22⋅104 min−1.•The kinetic parameters provide information to optimize curing reaction for improving the properties. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1016/j.polymer.2018.11.009 |
| format | Article |
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[Display omitted]
•Curing kinetics of liquid crystalline BP epoxy with DDS is comprehensively investigated by DSC analyses.•The reaction order, reaction rate, rate constant, and degree of conversion are analyzed at five different temperatures.•The activation energies of the curing reaction are determined as Ea1 = 60.76 kJ/mol, and Ea2 = 57.20 kJ/mol.•The pre-exponential factors are assigned as A1 = 4.08⋅104 min−1, and A2 = 101.22⋅104 min−1.•The kinetic parameters provide information to optimize curing reaction for improving the properties.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0032-3861</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1873-2291</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2018.11.009</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Kidlington: Elsevier Ltd</publisher><subject>Crystal structure ; Crystallinity ; Curing ; Curing reaction ; Data processing ; Diaminodiphenylsulfone ; Epoxy ; Epoxy resins ; Heat conductivity ; Heat transfer ; Kinetics ; Liquid crystal ; Liquid crystal polymers ; Liquid crystals ; Molecular structure ; Reaction kinetics ; Reaction mechanisms ; Thermal conductivity ; Thermosets</subject><ispartof>Polymer (Guilford), 2018-12, Vol.159, p.6-11</ispartof><rights>2018 Elsevier Ltd</rights><rights>Copyright Elsevier BV Dec 20, 2018</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c337t-d908e0c3e6fb2526a2483d541776f629d757ad7a4ed4fb540f9e5d80b9133a293</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c337t-d908e0c3e6fb2526a2483d541776f629d757ad7a4ed4fb540f9e5d80b9133a293</cites><orcidid>0000-0003-2629-4353</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.polymer.2018.11.009$$EHTML$$P50$$Gelsevier$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>315,782,786,3554,27933,27934,46004</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Yeo, Hyeonuk</creatorcontrib><title>Curing kinetics of liquid crystalline 4,4′-Diglycidyloxybiphenyl epoxy cured with 4,4′-Diaminodiphenylsulfone</title><title>Polymer (Guilford)</title><description>Liquid crystalline epoxy resins (LCERs) have been reported as a promising polymeric material with a high thermal conductivity. Among them, 4,4′-diglycidyloxybiphenyl (BP) epoxy with the simplest molecular structure for the formation of a liquid crystal (LC) phase appears most suitable for practical applications. In particular, it is known that BP epoxy cured by 4,4′-diaminodiphenylsulfone (DDS) exhibits a high thermal conductivity of 0.34 W/m K; however, their detailed curing reaction mechanism and kinetics have not been reported yet. Herein, the detailed mechanism and kinetics of the curing reaction between BP and DDS are reported. The curing reactions in the temperature range of 150–230 °C are investigated with the mixed model of the nth order and autocatalytic mechanism. The reaction order (m and n), reaction rate (dα/dt), rate constant (k1 and k2), and degree of conversion (α) are analyzed at several temperatures, where subscripts 1 and 2 represent the nth order and autocatalytic reaction, respectively. The kinetic parameters, activation energy, and pre-exponential factor, were determined as Ea1 = 60.76 kJ/mol, Ea2 = 57.20 kJ/mol, A1 = 4.08 × 104 min−1, and A2 = 101.22 × 104 min−1, which are in good agreement with the experimental data. Furthermore, the kinetic data could be utilized to predict and control the curing behaviors and the properties of the LCER for further application.
[Display omitted]
•Curing kinetics of liquid crystalline BP epoxy with DDS is comprehensively investigated by DSC analyses.•The reaction order, reaction rate, rate constant, and degree of conversion are analyzed at five different temperatures.•The activation energies of the curing reaction are determined as Ea1 = 60.76 kJ/mol, and Ea2 = 57.20 kJ/mol.•The pre-exponential factors are assigned as A1 = 4.08⋅104 min−1, and A2 = 101.22⋅104 min−1.•The kinetic parameters provide information to optimize curing reaction for improving the properties.</description><subject>Crystal structure</subject><subject>Crystallinity</subject><subject>Curing</subject><subject>Curing reaction</subject><subject>Data processing</subject><subject>Diaminodiphenylsulfone</subject><subject>Epoxy</subject><subject>Epoxy resins</subject><subject>Heat conductivity</subject><subject>Heat transfer</subject><subject>Kinetics</subject><subject>Liquid crystal</subject><subject>Liquid crystal polymers</subject><subject>Liquid crystals</subject><subject>Molecular structure</subject><subject>Reaction kinetics</subject><subject>Reaction mechanisms</subject><subject>Thermal conductivity</subject><subject>Thermosets</subject><issn>0032-3861</issn><issn>1873-2291</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2018</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNqFkMtOwzAQRS0EEqXwCUiR2JLgV14rhMpTqsQG1lZiT1oXN07tBMiOb-KT-BJctRJLVqPR3Htn5iB0TnBCMMmuVklnzbgGl1BMioSQBOPyAE1IkbOY0pIcognGjMasyMgxOvF-hTGmKeUTtJkNTreL6E230GvpI9tERm8GrSLpRt9XxoRJxC_5z9d3fKsXZpRajcZ-jrXultCOJoIudJEcHKjoQ_fLP3W11q1Ve50fTGNbOEVHTWU8nO3rFL3e373MHuP588PT7GYeS8byPlYlLgBLBllTh1OzivKCqZSTPM-ajJYqT_NK5RUHxZs65bgpIVUFrkvCWEVLNkUXu9zO2c0AvhcrO7g2rBSUZCTjrAhQpijdqaSz3jtoROf0unKjIFhs6YqV2NMVW7qCEBHoBt_1zgfhhXcdpl5qaCUo7UD2Qln9T8IvsreJgw</recordid><startdate>20181220</startdate><enddate>20181220</enddate><creator>Yeo, Hyeonuk</creator><general>Elsevier Ltd</general><general>Elsevier BV</general><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7QF</scope><scope>7QO</scope><scope>7QQ</scope><scope>7SC</scope><scope>7SE</scope><scope>7SP</scope><scope>7SR</scope><scope>7T7</scope><scope>7TA</scope><scope>7TB</scope><scope>7U5</scope><scope>8BQ</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>F28</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>H8D</scope><scope>H8G</scope><scope>JG9</scope><scope>JQ2</scope><scope>KR7</scope><scope>L7M</scope><scope>L~C</scope><scope>L~D</scope><scope>P64</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2629-4353</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20181220</creationdate><title>Curing kinetics of liquid crystalline 4,4′-Diglycidyloxybiphenyl epoxy cured with 4,4′-Diaminodiphenylsulfone</title><author>Yeo, Hyeonuk</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c337t-d908e0c3e6fb2526a2483d541776f629d757ad7a4ed4fb540f9e5d80b9133a293</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2018</creationdate><topic>Crystal structure</topic><topic>Crystallinity</topic><topic>Curing</topic><topic>Curing reaction</topic><topic>Data processing</topic><topic>Diaminodiphenylsulfone</topic><topic>Epoxy</topic><topic>Epoxy resins</topic><topic>Heat conductivity</topic><topic>Heat transfer</topic><topic>Kinetics</topic><topic>Liquid crystal</topic><topic>Liquid crystal polymers</topic><topic>Liquid crystals</topic><topic>Molecular structure</topic><topic>Reaction kinetics</topic><topic>Reaction mechanisms</topic><topic>Thermal conductivity</topic><topic>Thermosets</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Yeo, Hyeonuk</creatorcontrib><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Aluminium Industry Abstracts</collection><collection>Biotechnology Research Abstracts</collection><collection>Ceramic Abstracts</collection><collection>Computer and Information Systems Abstracts</collection><collection>Corrosion Abstracts</collection><collection>Electronics & Communications Abstracts</collection><collection>Engineered Materials Abstracts</collection><collection>Industrial and Applied Microbiology Abstracts (Microbiology A)</collection><collection>Materials Business File</collection><collection>Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Solid State and Superconductivity Abstracts</collection><collection>METADEX</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>ANTE: Abstracts in New Technology & Engineering</collection><collection>Engineering Research 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(Guilford)</jtitle><date>2018-12-20</date><risdate>2018</risdate><volume>159</volume><spage>6</spage><epage>11</epage><pages>6-11</pages><issn>0032-3861</issn><eissn>1873-2291</eissn><abstract>Liquid crystalline epoxy resins (LCERs) have been reported as a promising polymeric material with a high thermal conductivity. Among them, 4,4′-diglycidyloxybiphenyl (BP) epoxy with the simplest molecular structure for the formation of a liquid crystal (LC) phase appears most suitable for practical applications. In particular, it is known that BP epoxy cured by 4,4′-diaminodiphenylsulfone (DDS) exhibits a high thermal conductivity of 0.34 W/m K; however, their detailed curing reaction mechanism and kinetics have not been reported yet. Herein, the detailed mechanism and kinetics of the curing reaction between BP and DDS are reported. The curing reactions in the temperature range of 150–230 °C are investigated with the mixed model of the nth order and autocatalytic mechanism. The reaction order (m and n), reaction rate (dα/dt), rate constant (k1 and k2), and degree of conversion (α) are analyzed at several temperatures, where subscripts 1 and 2 represent the nth order and autocatalytic reaction, respectively. The kinetic parameters, activation energy, and pre-exponential factor, were determined as Ea1 = 60.76 kJ/mol, Ea2 = 57.20 kJ/mol, A1 = 4.08 × 104 min−1, and A2 = 101.22 × 104 min−1, which are in good agreement with the experimental data. Furthermore, the kinetic data could be utilized to predict and control the curing behaviors and the properties of the LCER for further application.
[Display omitted]
•Curing kinetics of liquid crystalline BP epoxy with DDS is comprehensively investigated by DSC analyses.•The reaction order, reaction rate, rate constant, and degree of conversion are analyzed at five different temperatures.•The activation energies of the curing reaction are determined as Ea1 = 60.76 kJ/mol, and Ea2 = 57.20 kJ/mol.•The pre-exponential factors are assigned as A1 = 4.08⋅104 min−1, and A2 = 101.22⋅104 min−1.•The kinetic parameters provide information to optimize curing reaction for improving the properties.</abstract><cop>Kidlington</cop><pub>Elsevier Ltd</pub><doi>10.1016/j.polymer.2018.11.009</doi><tpages>6</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2629-4353</orcidid></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Crystal structure Crystallinity Curing Curing reaction Data processing Diaminodiphenylsulfone Epoxy Epoxy resins Heat conductivity Heat transfer Kinetics Liquid crystal Liquid crystal polymers Liquid crystals Molecular structure Reaction kinetics Reaction mechanisms Thermal conductivity Thermosets |
| title | Curing kinetics of liquid crystalline 4,4′-Diglycidyloxybiphenyl epoxy cured with 4,4′-Diaminodiphenylsulfone |
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