Sticking mechanism of low grade iron ore-coal composite in rotary kiln reduction
A rotary kiln (Φ1.5 m × 15 m) was designed to verify feasibility of the reduction technology of a low grade iron ore with low temperature via ore-coal composites. One of the troublesome problems was the sticking of kiln burden during the reduction process. Reduction behavior and sticking mechanism o...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Powder technology 2018-11, Vol.339, p.625-632 |
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| creator | Zhong, Ronghai Yi, Lingyun Huang, Zhucheng Shen, Xuehua Jiang, Tao |
| description | A rotary kiln (Φ1.5 m × 15 m) was designed to verify feasibility of the reduction technology of a low grade iron ore with low temperature via ore-coal composites. One of the troublesome problems was the sticking of kiln burden during the reduction process. Reduction behavior and sticking mechanism of composite pellets in the rotary kiln were investigated in this paper. Technology of X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscope-energy dispersive spectroscopy (SEM-EDS) were applied to reveal the sticking mechanism. Products with metallization degree of 84.83% were obtained after reduced in the rotary kiln. Reduction of Fe2O3 to FeO and reduction of FeO to Fe were mainly occurred at location of 9 m–13.5 m and 5.5 m–11.5 m in the rotary kiln, respectively. Pellets or pellets powders were bonded by low melting point substances formed in coal ash: hedenbergite and fayalite. These low melting point substances were mainly generated from coal ash and formed at location of 5.5 m–11.5 m in the rotary kiln. Hedenbergite occurred firstly, followed by bonding of pellets or pellet powders and formation of fayalite. Melt of fayalite intensified agglomerating behavior.
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•Low grade iron ore-coal composites were reduced in a rotary kiln (Φ1.5 × 15 m).•High metallization degree obtained with low reduction temperature and short time.•Reduction process was researched with kiln stopped at normal operation condition.•Sticking mechanism of pellets in the rotary kiln was investigated. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1016/j.powtec.2018.08.054 |
| format | Article |
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[Display omitted]
•Low grade iron ore-coal composites were reduced in a rotary kiln (Φ1.5 × 15 m).•High metallization degree obtained with low reduction temperature and short time.•Reduction process was researched with kiln stopped at normal operation condition.•Sticking mechanism of pellets in the rotary kiln was investigated.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0032-5910</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1873-328X</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2018.08.054</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Lausanne: Elsevier B.V</publisher><subject>Chemical bonds ; Coal ; Coal ash ; Composite materials ; Diffraction ; Fayalite ; Feasibility studies ; Fly ash ; Iron ; Iron ores ; Iron silicates ; Low iron ore-coal composite ; Low temperature ; Melting ; Melting point ; Melting points ; Metallizing ; Pellets ; Reduction ; Rotary kiln reduction ; Scanning electron microscopy ; Spectroscopy ; Sticking behavior ; Technology ; X-ray diffraction</subject><ispartof>Powder technology, 2018-11, Vol.339, p.625-632</ispartof><rights>2018 Elsevier B.V.</rights><rights>Copyright Elsevier BV Nov 2018</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c371t-cbd8b04308efb6397dad9246bf2f134951140fb103dcdcf93a4c89126a63de233</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c371t-cbd8b04308efb6397dad9246bf2f134951140fb103dcdcf93a4c89126a63de233</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-2488-6921</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0032591018306910$$EHTML$$P50$$Gelsevier$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,3537,27901,27902,65306</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Zhong, Ronghai</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yi, Lingyun</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Huang, Zhucheng</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Shen, Xuehua</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jiang, Tao</creatorcontrib><title>Sticking mechanism of low grade iron ore-coal composite in rotary kiln reduction</title><title>Powder technology</title><description>A rotary kiln (Φ1.5 m × 15 m) was designed to verify feasibility of the reduction technology of a low grade iron ore with low temperature via ore-coal composites. One of the troublesome problems was the sticking of kiln burden during the reduction process. Reduction behavior and sticking mechanism of composite pellets in the rotary kiln were investigated in this paper. Technology of X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscope-energy dispersive spectroscopy (SEM-EDS) were applied to reveal the sticking mechanism. Products with metallization degree of 84.83% were obtained after reduced in the rotary kiln. Reduction of Fe2O3 to FeO and reduction of FeO to Fe were mainly occurred at location of 9 m–13.5 m and 5.5 m–11.5 m in the rotary kiln, respectively. Pellets or pellets powders were bonded by low melting point substances formed in coal ash: hedenbergite and fayalite. These low melting point substances were mainly generated from coal ash and formed at location of 5.5 m–11.5 m in the rotary kiln. Hedenbergite occurred firstly, followed by bonding of pellets or pellet powders and formation of fayalite. Melt of fayalite intensified agglomerating behavior.
[Display omitted]
•Low grade iron ore-coal composites were reduced in a rotary kiln (Φ1.5 × 15 m).•High metallization degree obtained with low reduction temperature and short time.•Reduction process was researched with kiln stopped at normal operation condition.•Sticking mechanism of pellets in the rotary kiln was investigated.</description><subject>Chemical bonds</subject><subject>Coal</subject><subject>Coal ash</subject><subject>Composite materials</subject><subject>Diffraction</subject><subject>Fayalite</subject><subject>Feasibility studies</subject><subject>Fly ash</subject><subject>Iron</subject><subject>Iron ores</subject><subject>Iron silicates</subject><subject>Low iron ore-coal composite</subject><subject>Low temperature</subject><subject>Melting</subject><subject>Melting point</subject><subject>Melting points</subject><subject>Metallizing</subject><subject>Pellets</subject><subject>Reduction</subject><subject>Rotary kiln reduction</subject><subject>Scanning electron microscopy</subject><subject>Spectroscopy</subject><subject>Sticking behavior</subject><subject>Technology</subject><subject>X-ray diffraction</subject><issn>0032-5910</issn><issn>1873-328X</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2018</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNp9UE1LxDAQDaLguvoPPAQ8t06SttteBFn8ggUFFbyFNB9rutumJlkX_71Z6ll4MMPw3puZh9AlgZwAqa67fHT7qGVOgdQ5JJTFEZqResEyRuuPYzQDYDQrGwKn6CyEDgAqRmCGXl6jlRs7rHGv5acYbOixM3jr9njthdLYejdg53Umndhi6frRBRvTfMDeReF_8MZuU6_VTkbrhnN0YsQ26Iu_Okfv93dvy8ds9fzwtLxdZZItSMxkq-oWCga1Nm3FmoUSqqFF1RpqCCuakpACTEuAKamkaZgoZN0QWomKKU0Zm6OryXf07munQ-Sd2_khreSUlGVDKavLxComlvQuBK8NH73t09WcAD9kxzs-ZccP2XFIKIsku5lkOn3wbbXnQVo9SK2s1zJy5ez_Br-T8no8</recordid><startdate>20181101</startdate><enddate>20181101</enddate><creator>Zhong, Ronghai</creator><creator>Yi, Lingyun</creator><creator>Huang, Zhucheng</creator><creator>Shen, Xuehua</creator><creator>Jiang, Tao</creator><general>Elsevier B.V</general><general>Elsevier BV</general><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7SR</scope><scope>7ST</scope><scope>8BQ</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>JG9</scope><scope>SOI</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2488-6921</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20181101</creationdate><title>Sticking mechanism of low grade iron ore-coal composite in rotary kiln reduction</title><author>Zhong, Ronghai ; Yi, Lingyun ; Huang, Zhucheng ; Shen, Xuehua ; Jiang, Tao</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c371t-cbd8b04308efb6397dad9246bf2f134951140fb103dcdcf93a4c89126a63de233</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2018</creationdate><topic>Chemical bonds</topic><topic>Coal</topic><topic>Coal ash</topic><topic>Composite materials</topic><topic>Diffraction</topic><topic>Fayalite</topic><topic>Feasibility studies</topic><topic>Fly ash</topic><topic>Iron</topic><topic>Iron ores</topic><topic>Iron silicates</topic><topic>Low iron ore-coal composite</topic><topic>Low temperature</topic><topic>Melting</topic><topic>Melting point</topic><topic>Melting points</topic><topic>Metallizing</topic><topic>Pellets</topic><topic>Reduction</topic><topic>Rotary kiln reduction</topic><topic>Scanning electron microscopy</topic><topic>Spectroscopy</topic><topic>Sticking behavior</topic><topic>Technology</topic><topic>X-ray diffraction</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Zhong, Ronghai</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yi, Lingyun</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Huang, Zhucheng</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Shen, Xuehua</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jiang, Tao</creatorcontrib><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Engineered Materials Abstracts</collection><collection>Environment Abstracts</collection><collection>METADEX</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>Materials Research Database</collection><collection>Environment Abstracts</collection><jtitle>Powder technology</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Zhong, Ronghai</au><au>Yi, Lingyun</au><au>Huang, Zhucheng</au><au>Shen, Xuehua</au><au>Jiang, Tao</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Sticking mechanism of low grade iron ore-coal composite in rotary kiln reduction</atitle><jtitle>Powder technology</jtitle><date>2018-11-01</date><risdate>2018</risdate><volume>339</volume><spage>625</spage><epage>632</epage><pages>625-632</pages><issn>0032-5910</issn><eissn>1873-328X</eissn><abstract>A rotary kiln (Φ1.5 m × 15 m) was designed to verify feasibility of the reduction technology of a low grade iron ore with low temperature via ore-coal composites. One of the troublesome problems was the sticking of kiln burden during the reduction process. Reduction behavior and sticking mechanism of composite pellets in the rotary kiln were investigated in this paper. Technology of X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscope-energy dispersive spectroscopy (SEM-EDS) were applied to reveal the sticking mechanism. Products with metallization degree of 84.83% were obtained after reduced in the rotary kiln. Reduction of Fe2O3 to FeO and reduction of FeO to Fe were mainly occurred at location of 9 m–13.5 m and 5.5 m–11.5 m in the rotary kiln, respectively. Pellets or pellets powders were bonded by low melting point substances formed in coal ash: hedenbergite and fayalite. These low melting point substances were mainly generated from coal ash and formed at location of 5.5 m–11.5 m in the rotary kiln. Hedenbergite occurred firstly, followed by bonding of pellets or pellet powders and formation of fayalite. Melt of fayalite intensified agglomerating behavior.
[Display omitted]
•Low grade iron ore-coal composites were reduced in a rotary kiln (Φ1.5 × 15 m).•High metallization degree obtained with low reduction temperature and short time.•Reduction process was researched with kiln stopped at normal operation condition.•Sticking mechanism of pellets in the rotary kiln was investigated.</abstract><cop>Lausanne</cop><pub>Elsevier B.V</pub><doi>10.1016/j.powtec.2018.08.054</doi><tpages>8</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2488-6921</orcidid></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Chemical bonds Coal Coal ash Composite materials Diffraction Fayalite Feasibility studies Fly ash Iron Iron ores Iron silicates Low iron ore-coal composite Low temperature Melting Melting point Melting points Metallizing Pellets Reduction Rotary kiln reduction Scanning electron microscopy Spectroscopy Sticking behavior Technology X-ray diffraction |
| title | Sticking mechanism of low grade iron ore-coal composite in rotary kiln reduction |
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