From solar to stellar brightness variations
Context. Comparison studies of Sun-like stars with the Sun suggest an anomalously low photometric variability of the Sun compared to Sun-like stars with similar magnetic activity. Comprehensive understanding of stellar variability is needed to find a physical reason for this observation. Aims. We in...
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creator | Witzke, V. Shapiro, A. I. Solanki, S. K. Krivova, N. A. Schmutz, W. |
description | Context. Comparison studies of Sun-like stars with the Sun suggest an anomalously low photometric variability of the Sun compared to Sun-like stars with similar magnetic activity. Comprehensive understanding of stellar variability is needed to find a physical reason for this observation. Aims. We investigate the effect of metallicity and effective temperature on the photometric brightness change of Sun-like stars seen at different inclinations. The considered range of fundamental stellar parameters is sufficiently small so the stars investigated here still count as Sun-like or even as solar twins. Methods. To model the brightness change of stars with solar magnetic activity, we extended a well-established model of solar brightness variations based on solar spectra, Spectral And Total Irradiance REconstruction (SATIRE), to stars with different fundamental parameters. For this we calculated stellar spectra for different metallicities and effective temperature using the radiative transfer code ATLAS9. Results. We show that even a small change (e.g. within the observational error range) of metallicity or effective temperature significantly affects the photometric brightness change compared to the Sun. We find that for Sun-like stars, the amplitude of the brightness variations obtained for Strömgren (b + y)/2 reaches a local minimum for fundamental stellar parameters close to the solar metallicity and effective temperature. Moreover, our results show that the effect of inclination decreases for metallicity values greater than the solar metallicity. Overall, we find that an exact determination of fundamental stellar parameters is crucially important for understanding stellar brightness changes. |
doi_str_mv | 10.1051/0004-6361/201833936 |
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To model the brightness change of stars with solar magnetic activity, we extended a well-established model of solar brightness variations based on solar spectra, Spectral And Total Irradiance REconstruction (SATIRE), to stars with different fundamental parameters. For this we calculated stellar spectra for different metallicities and effective temperature using the radiative transfer code ATLAS9. Results. We show that even a small change (e.g. within the observational error range) of metallicity or effective temperature significantly affects the photometric brightness change compared to the Sun. We find that for Sun-like stars, the amplitude of the brightness variations obtained for Strömgren (b + y)/2 reaches a local minimum for fundamental stellar parameters close to the solar metallicity and effective temperature. Moreover, our results show that the effect of inclination decreases for metallicity values greater than the solar metallicity. 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I.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Solanki, S. K.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Krivova, N. A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Schmutz, W.</creatorcontrib><title>From solar to stellar brightness variations</title><title>Astronomy and astrophysics (Berlin)</title><description>Context. Comparison studies of Sun-like stars with the Sun suggest an anomalously low photometric variability of the Sun compared to Sun-like stars with similar magnetic activity. Comprehensive understanding of stellar variability is needed to find a physical reason for this observation. Aims. We investigate the effect of metallicity and effective temperature on the photometric brightness change of Sun-like stars seen at different inclinations. The considered range of fundamental stellar parameters is sufficiently small so the stars investigated here still count as Sun-like or even as solar twins. Methods. To model the brightness change of stars with solar magnetic activity, we extended a well-established model of solar brightness variations based on solar spectra, Spectral And Total Irradiance REconstruction (SATIRE), to stars with different fundamental parameters. For this we calculated stellar spectra for different metallicities and effective temperature using the radiative transfer code ATLAS9. Results. We show that even a small change (e.g. within the observational error range) of metallicity or effective temperature significantly affects the photometric brightness change compared to the Sun. We find that for Sun-like stars, the amplitude of the brightness variations obtained for Strömgren (b + y)/2 reaches a local minimum for fundamental stellar parameters close to the solar metallicity and effective temperature. Moreover, our results show that the effect of inclination decreases for metallicity values greater than the solar metallicity. Overall, we find that an exact determination of fundamental stellar parameters is crucially important for understanding stellar brightness changes.</description><subject>Brightness</subject><subject>Inclination</subject><subject>Irradiance</subject><subject>Magnetism</subject><subject>Mathematical models</subject><subject>Metallicity</subject><subject>Parameters</subject><subject>Photometry</subject><subject>Radiative transfer</subject><subject>Solar spectra</subject><subject>Stars</subject><subject>stars: activity</subject><subject>stars: atmospheres</subject><subject>stars: fundamental parameters</subject><subject>stars: variables: general</subject><subject>Stellar spectra</subject><subject>Sun</subject><subject>Variability</subject><issn>0004-6361</issn><issn>1432-0746</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2018</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNo9zk1LAzEQBuAgCq7VX-BlwaPETr6To1SrwoJQKh5Dusnq1u1uTbZS_72RiqeZgYd3XoQuCdwQEGQKABxLJsmUAtGMGSaPUEE4oxgUl8eo-Ben6CyldT5phgW6nsdhU6ahc7EchzKNoftdV7F9ex_7kFL55WLrxnbo0zk6aVyXwsXfnKCX-f1y9oir54en2W2FayKJxLWpPVAKLHgdpAHtRd1oE7xS1Hm9EoFRn2sxLZSh0CjqudCiFoZlJD2boKtD7jYOn7uQRrsedrHPLy0lHMBwqWRW-KDaXHpvt7HduPhtXfywUjElrIZXWy3EwtwtK6vYD3iBUnI</recordid><startdate>20181101</startdate><enddate>20181101</enddate><creator>Witzke, V.</creator><creator>Shapiro, A. 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K.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Krivova, N. A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Schmutz, W.</creatorcontrib><collection>Istex</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Aerospace Database</collection><collection>Advanced Technologies Database with Aerospace</collection><jtitle>Astronomy and astrophysics (Berlin)</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Witzke, V.</au><au>Shapiro, A. I.</au><au>Solanki, S. K.</au><au>Krivova, N. A.</au><au>Schmutz, W.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>From solar to stellar brightness variations</atitle><jtitle>Astronomy and astrophysics (Berlin)</jtitle><date>2018-11-01</date><risdate>2018</risdate><volume>619</volume><issn>0004-6361</issn><eissn>1432-0746</eissn><abstract>Context. Comparison studies of Sun-like stars with the Sun suggest an anomalously low photometric variability of the Sun compared to Sun-like stars with similar magnetic activity. Comprehensive understanding of stellar variability is needed to find a physical reason for this observation. Aims. We investigate the effect of metallicity and effective temperature on the photometric brightness change of Sun-like stars seen at different inclinations. The considered range of fundamental stellar parameters is sufficiently small so the stars investigated here still count as Sun-like or even as solar twins. Methods. To model the brightness change of stars with solar magnetic activity, we extended a well-established model of solar brightness variations based on solar spectra, Spectral And Total Irradiance REconstruction (SATIRE), to stars with different fundamental parameters. For this we calculated stellar spectra for different metallicities and effective temperature using the radiative transfer code ATLAS9. Results. We show that even a small change (e.g. within the observational error range) of metallicity or effective temperature significantly affects the photometric brightness change compared to the Sun. We find that for Sun-like stars, the amplitude of the brightness variations obtained for Strömgren (b + y)/2 reaches a local minimum for fundamental stellar parameters close to the solar metallicity and effective temperature. Moreover, our results show that the effect of inclination decreases for metallicity values greater than the solar metallicity. Overall, we find that an exact determination of fundamental stellar parameters is crucially important for understanding stellar brightness changes.</abstract><cop>Heidelberg</cop><pub>EDP Sciences</pub><doi>10.1051/0004-6361/201833936</doi><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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subjects | Brightness Inclination Irradiance Magnetism Mathematical models Metallicity Parameters Photometry Radiative transfer Solar spectra Stars stars: activity stars: atmospheres stars: fundamental parameters stars: variables: general Stellar spectra Sun Variability |
title | From solar to stellar brightness variations |
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