An unusually large debris flow at Hummingbird Creek, Mara Lake, British Columbia
On 11 July 1997 a very large debris flow occurred at Hummingbird Creek, Mara Lake, British Columbia. Long-term antecedent precipitation was record breaking, whereas short-term precipitation at Salmon Arm did not exceed the 2 year return period for intensity. A 25 000 m 3 debris avalanche was initiat...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Canadian geotechnical journal 2000-10, Vol.37 (5), p.1109-1125 |
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| creator | Jakob, M Anderson, D Fuller, T Hungr, O Ayotte, D |
| description | On 11 July 1997 a very large debris flow occurred at Hummingbird Creek, Mara Lake, British Columbia. Long-term antecedent precipitation was record breaking, whereas short-term precipitation at Salmon Arm did not exceed the 2 year return period for intensity. A 25 000 m
3
debris avalanche was initiated downstream of a forest road culvert, which drained a small catchment that had been artificially increased by a factor of three. The debris avalanche entered the channel of Hummingbird Creek and triggered a debris flow. Velocities were back-calculated using the forced vortex equation and multiplied by the cross-sectional area to obtain peak discharge estimates that ranged from 600 to 1000 m
3
/s. Approximately 92 000 m
3
of sediment was deposited during this event, which makes it the largest nonvolcanic debris flow recorded in British Columbia to date. A three-dimensional runout model was used to simulate this event. Results are in fair agreement with the observed behaviour. This study emphasizes the need to carefully manage forest resources with high downstream risks and the need for hazard assessments prior to development on alluvial fans.Key words: debris avalanche, debris flow, DAN model, hydroclimatic, peak discharge, British Columbia. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1139/t00-013 |
| format | Article |
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3
debris avalanche was initiated downstream of a forest road culvert, which drained a small catchment that had been artificially increased by a factor of three. The debris avalanche entered the channel of Hummingbird Creek and triggered a debris flow. Velocities were back-calculated using the forced vortex equation and multiplied by the cross-sectional area to obtain peak discharge estimates that ranged from 600 to 1000 m
3
/s. Approximately 92 000 m
3
of sediment was deposited during this event, which makes it the largest nonvolcanic debris flow recorded in British Columbia to date. A three-dimensional runout model was used to simulate this event. Results are in fair agreement with the observed behaviour. This study emphasizes the need to carefully manage forest resources with high downstream risks and the need for hazard assessments prior to development on alluvial fans.Key words: debris avalanche, debris flow, DAN model, hydroclimatic, peak discharge, British Columbia.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0008-3674</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1208-6010</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1139/t00-013</identifier><identifier>CODEN: CGJOAH</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Ottawa, Canada: NRC Research Press</publisher><subject>Debris flow ; Earth sciences ; Earth, ocean, space ; Engineering and environment geology. Geothermics ; Exact sciences and technology ; Landslides & mudslides ; Natural hazards: prediction, damages, etc</subject><ispartof>Canadian geotechnical journal, 2000-10, Vol.37 (5), p.1109-1125</ispartof><rights>2001 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>Copyright National Research Council of Canada Oct 2000</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-a282t-1e34d4be893f95fcf7c1eced6d87054ad53f53aa4b4a5f5741dbac9ffaa9c9273</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-a282t-1e34d4be893f95fcf7c1eced6d87054ad53f53aa4b4a5f5741dbac9ffaa9c9273</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://cdnsciencepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1139/t00-013$$EPDF$$P50$$Gnrcresearch$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://cdnsciencepub.com/doi/full/10.1139/t00-013$$EHTML$$P50$$Gnrcresearch$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,2931,27923,27924,64427,65105</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=818782$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Jakob, M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Anderson, D</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Fuller, T</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hungr, O</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ayotte, D</creatorcontrib><title>An unusually large debris flow at Hummingbird Creek, Mara Lake, British Columbia</title><title>Canadian geotechnical journal</title><addtitle>Revue canadienne de géotechnique</addtitle><description>On 11 July 1997 a very large debris flow occurred at Hummingbird Creek, Mara Lake, British Columbia. Long-term antecedent precipitation was record breaking, whereas short-term precipitation at Salmon Arm did not exceed the 2 year return period for intensity. A 25 000 m
3
debris avalanche was initiated downstream of a forest road culvert, which drained a small catchment that had been artificially increased by a factor of three. The debris avalanche entered the channel of Hummingbird Creek and triggered a debris flow. Velocities were back-calculated using the forced vortex equation and multiplied by the cross-sectional area to obtain peak discharge estimates that ranged from 600 to 1000 m
3
/s. Approximately 92 000 m
3
of sediment was deposited during this event, which makes it the largest nonvolcanic debris flow recorded in British Columbia to date. A three-dimensional runout model was used to simulate this event. Results are in fair agreement with the observed behaviour. This study emphasizes the need to carefully manage forest resources with high downstream risks and the need for hazard assessments prior to development on alluvial fans.Key words: debris avalanche, debris flow, DAN model, hydroclimatic, peak discharge, British Columbia.</description><subject>Debris flow</subject><subject>Earth sciences</subject><subject>Earth, ocean, space</subject><subject>Engineering and environment geology. Geothermics</subject><subject>Exact sciences and technology</subject><subject>Landslides & mudslides</subject><subject>Natural hazards: prediction, damages, etc</subject><issn>0008-3674</issn><issn>1208-6010</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2000</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><sourceid>GNUQQ</sourceid><recordid>eNp90EtLAzEUBeAgCtYq_oWgoCAdzWteyzqoFSq60HW4k0ebdh41mUH67x1pcaerexcf58BB6JySW0p5ftcREhHKD9CIMpJFCaHkEI0IGX6epOIYnYSwIoQKwdgIvU0b3Dd96KGqtrgCvzBYm9K7gG3VfmHo8Kyva9csSuc1Lrwx6wl-AQ94DmszwffedS4scdFWfV06OEVHFqpgzvZ3jD4eH96LWTR_fXoupvMIWMa6iBoutChNlnObx1bZVFGjjE50lpJYgI65jTmAKAXENk4F1SWo3FqAXOUs5WN0scvd-PazN6GTq7b3zVApGeU8TWmeDOh6h5RvQ_DGyo13NfitpET-rCWHteSw1iAv93EQFFTWQ6Nc-OUZzdKMDepmpxqvvAkGvFr-E3n1N94judGWfwNATYQd</recordid><startdate>20001001</startdate><enddate>20001001</enddate><creator>Jakob, M</creator><creator>Anderson, D</creator><creator>Fuller, T</creator><creator>Hungr, O</creator><creator>Ayotte, D</creator><general>NRC Research Press</general><general>National Research Council of Canada</general><general>Canadian Science Publishing NRC Research Press</general><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7TG</scope><scope>7UA</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88I</scope><scope>8AF</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FG</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>8FQ</scope><scope>8FV</scope><scope>ABJCF</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AEUYN</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BGLVJ</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>BKSAR</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>F1W</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>H96</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>KL.</scope><scope>KR7</scope><scope>L.G</scope><scope>L6V</scope><scope>M2P</scope><scope>M3G</scope><scope>M7S</scope><scope>PCBAR</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PTHSS</scope><scope>Q9U</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20001001</creationdate><title>An unusually large debris flow at Hummingbird Creek, Mara Lake, British Columbia</title><author>Jakob, M ; Anderson, D ; Fuller, T ; Hungr, O ; Ayotte, D</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-a282t-1e34d4be893f95fcf7c1eced6d87054ad53f53aa4b4a5f5741dbac9ffaa9c9273</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2000</creationdate><topic>Debris flow</topic><topic>Earth sciences</topic><topic>Earth, ocean, space</topic><topic>Engineering and environment geology. Geothermics</topic><topic>Exact sciences and technology</topic><topic>Landslides & mudslides</topic><topic>Natural hazards: prediction, damages, etc</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Jakob, M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Anderson, D</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Fuller, T</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hungr, O</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ayotte, D</creatorcontrib><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts</collection><collection>Water Resources Abstracts</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Science Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>STEM Database</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>ProQuest SciTech Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Technology Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Canadian Business & Current Affairs Database</collection><collection>Canadian Business & Current Affairs Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Materials Science & Engineering Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Sustainability</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Technology Collection (ProQuest)</collection><collection>Natural Science Collection (ProQuest)</collection><collection>Earth, Atmospheric & Aquatic Science Collection</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>ASFA: Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Abstracts</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Student</collection><collection>Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) 2: Ocean Technology, Policy & Non-Living Resources</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection</collection><collection>Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts - Academic</collection><collection>Civil Engineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) Professional</collection><collection>ProQuest Engineering Collection</collection><collection>Science Database (ProQuest)</collection><collection>CBCA Reference & Current Events</collection><collection>Engineering Database</collection><collection>Earth, Atmospheric & Aquatic Science Database</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>Engineering Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Basic</collection><jtitle>Canadian geotechnical journal</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Jakob, M</au><au>Anderson, D</au><au>Fuller, T</au><au>Hungr, O</au><au>Ayotte, D</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>An unusually large debris flow at Hummingbird Creek, Mara Lake, British Columbia</atitle><jtitle>Canadian geotechnical journal</jtitle><addtitle>Revue canadienne de géotechnique</addtitle><date>2000-10-01</date><risdate>2000</risdate><volume>37</volume><issue>5</issue><spage>1109</spage><epage>1125</epage><pages>1109-1125</pages><issn>0008-3674</issn><eissn>1208-6010</eissn><coden>CGJOAH</coden><abstract>On 11 July 1997 a very large debris flow occurred at Hummingbird Creek, Mara Lake, British Columbia. Long-term antecedent precipitation was record breaking, whereas short-term precipitation at Salmon Arm did not exceed the 2 year return period for intensity. A 25 000 m
3
debris avalanche was initiated downstream of a forest road culvert, which drained a small catchment that had been artificially increased by a factor of three. The debris avalanche entered the channel of Hummingbird Creek and triggered a debris flow. Velocities were back-calculated using the forced vortex equation and multiplied by the cross-sectional area to obtain peak discharge estimates that ranged from 600 to 1000 m
3
/s. Approximately 92 000 m
3
of sediment was deposited during this event, which makes it the largest nonvolcanic debris flow recorded in British Columbia to date. A three-dimensional runout model was used to simulate this event. Results are in fair agreement with the observed behaviour. This study emphasizes the need to carefully manage forest resources with high downstream risks and the need for hazard assessments prior to development on alluvial fans.Key words: debris avalanche, debris flow, DAN model, hydroclimatic, peak discharge, British Columbia.</abstract><cop>Ottawa, Canada</cop><pub>NRC Research Press</pub><doi>10.1139/t00-013</doi><tpages>17</tpages></addata></record> |
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| source | NRC Research Press; Alma/SFX Local Collection |
| subjects | Debris flow Earth sciences Earth, ocean, space Engineering and environment geology. Geothermics Exact sciences and technology Landslides & mudslides Natural hazards: prediction, damages, etc |
| title | An unusually large debris flow at Hummingbird Creek, Mara Lake, British Columbia |
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