Forage nutritive value and morphology of three old world bluestems under a range of irrigation levels
Introduced forages offer alternatives to traditional cropping systems in the semiarid Texas High Plains, but effects of irrigation on nutritive value are not well known. Three old world bluestem (Bothriochloa) species [B. bladhii (Retz) S.T. Blake 'WW-B. Dahl', B. ischaemum (L.) Keng. var....
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Crop science 2005-11, Vol.45 (6), p.2258-2268 |
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| creator | Phillipp, D Allen, V.G Mitchell, R.B Brown, C.P Wester, D.B |
| description | Introduced forages offer alternatives to traditional cropping systems in the semiarid Texas High Plains, but effects of irrigation on nutritive value are not well known. Three old world bluestem (Bothriochloa) species [B. bladhii (Retz) S.T. Blake 'WW-B. Dahl', B. ischaemum (L.) Keng. var. ischaemum (Hack.) 'WW-Spar', and B. caucasica (Trin.) C.E. Hubbard 'Caucasian'] were surface drip-irrigated with zero (dryland) and low, medium, and high irrigation levels, to determine nutritive value and morphological development in 2001 to 2003 under a completely randomized block design, a split-plot treatment arrangement, and three replicates. Water applied in the high treatment was 100% replacement of potential evapotranspiration minus precipitation. Medium and low treatments were 66 and 33% of the high treatment. Dry matter digestibility (DMD) of all species was higher (P < 0.05) at low irrigation than at other levels (580, 560, 550, and 570 g kg(-1) for low, medium, high, and dryland, respectively; SE = 4.0). Dahl was higher (P < 0.05) in crude protein (87 g kg(-1)) than Spar (76 g kg(-1)) and Caucasian (75 g kg(-1); SE = 2.0) during the growing season. In all species, total nonstructural carbohydrates and DMD declined while neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber increased with increasing irrigation. Before hay harvest, leaf blade:stem-plus-sheath ratio declined also, but after hay harvest, effects of irrigation were less consistent. Results suggested that irrigation likely affected nutritive value through effects on plant morphology and physiological age. Thus, irrigation strategies and species selection may aid in optimizing forage quality. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.2135/cropsci2004.0669 |
| format | Article |
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Three old world bluestem (Bothriochloa) species [B. bladhii (Retz) S.T. Blake 'WW-B. Dahl', B. ischaemum (L.) Keng. var. ischaemum (Hack.) 'WW-Spar', and B. caucasica (Trin.) C.E. Hubbard 'Caucasian'] were surface drip-irrigated with zero (dryland) and low, medium, and high irrigation levels, to determine nutritive value and morphological development in 2001 to 2003 under a completely randomized block design, a split-plot treatment arrangement, and three replicates. Water applied in the high treatment was 100% replacement of potential evapotranspiration minus precipitation. Medium and low treatments were 66 and 33% of the high treatment. Dry matter digestibility (DMD) of all species was higher (P < 0.05) at low irrigation than at other levels (580, 560, 550, and 570 g kg(-1) for low, medium, high, and dryland, respectively; SE = 4.0). Dahl was higher (P < 0.05) in crude protein (87 g kg(-1)) than Spar (76 g kg(-1)) and Caucasian (75 g kg(-1); SE = 2.0) during the growing season. In all species, total nonstructural carbohydrates and DMD declined while neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber increased with increasing irrigation. Before hay harvest, leaf blade:stem-plus-sheath ratio declined also, but after hay harvest, effects of irrigation were less consistent. Results suggested that irrigation likely affected nutritive value through effects on plant morphology and physiological age. Thus, irrigation strategies and species selection may aid in optimizing forage quality.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0011-183X</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1435-0653</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.2135/cropsci2004.0669</identifier><identifier>CODEN: CRPSAY</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Madison, WI: The Crop Science Society of America, Inc</publisher><subject>acid detergent fiber ; Agricultural and forest climatology and meteorology. Irrigation. Drainage ; Agronomy. Soil science and plant productions ; Arid zones ; Biological and medical sciences ; Bothriochloa ; Bothriochloa bladhii ; Bothriochloa ischaemum ; carbohydrate content ; Carbohydrates ; Crop science ; Cropping systems ; digestibility ; Dry matter ; dryland farming ; Environmental aspects ; Evapotranspiration ; Food and nutrition ; Forage ; forage crops ; forage grasses ; Forage plants ; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology ; General agronomy. Plant production ; Grasses ; Growing season ; Harvesting ; Hay ; Irrigation ; Irrigation effects ; irrigation rates ; Irrigation. Drainage ; leaf sheaths ; leaves ; neutral detergent fiber ; Nutritional aspects ; Nutritive value ; Pastures ; Plant morphology ; Plants ; stems</subject><ispartof>Crop science, 2005-11, Vol.45 (6), p.2258-2268</ispartof><rights>Crop Science Society of America</rights><rights>2006 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>COPYRIGHT 2005 Crop Science Society of America</rights><rights>Copyright American Society of Agronomy Nov/Dec 2005</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c4939-42db50b1397a625cd27103c90fe965323ce3c147fc172392ced105fc51fd599d3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c4939-42db50b1397a625cd27103c90fe965323ce3c147fc172392ced105fc51fd599d3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.2135%2Fcropsci2004.0669$$EPDF$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.2135%2Fcropsci2004.0669$$EHTML$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,1417,27924,27925,45574,45575</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=17273366$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Phillipp, D</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Allen, V.G</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mitchell, R.B</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Brown, C.P</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wester, D.B</creatorcontrib><title>Forage nutritive value and morphology of three old world bluestems under a range of irrigation levels</title><title>Crop science</title><description>Introduced forages offer alternatives to traditional cropping systems in the semiarid Texas High Plains, but effects of irrigation on nutritive value are not well known. Three old world bluestem (Bothriochloa) species [B. bladhii (Retz) S.T. Blake 'WW-B. Dahl', B. ischaemum (L.) Keng. var. ischaemum (Hack.) 'WW-Spar', and B. caucasica (Trin.) C.E. Hubbard 'Caucasian'] were surface drip-irrigated with zero (dryland) and low, medium, and high irrigation levels, to determine nutritive value and morphological development in 2001 to 2003 under a completely randomized block design, a split-plot treatment arrangement, and three replicates. Water applied in the high treatment was 100% replacement of potential evapotranspiration minus precipitation. Medium and low treatments were 66 and 33% of the high treatment. Dry matter digestibility (DMD) of all species was higher (P < 0.05) at low irrigation than at other levels (580, 560, 550, and 570 g kg(-1) for low, medium, high, and dryland, respectively; SE = 4.0). Dahl was higher (P < 0.05) in crude protein (87 g kg(-1)) than Spar (76 g kg(-1)) and Caucasian (75 g kg(-1); SE = 2.0) during the growing season. In all species, total nonstructural carbohydrates and DMD declined while neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber increased with increasing irrigation. Before hay harvest, leaf blade:stem-plus-sheath ratio declined also, but after hay harvest, effects of irrigation were less consistent. Results suggested that irrigation likely affected nutritive value through effects on plant morphology and physiological age. Thus, irrigation strategies and species selection may aid in optimizing forage quality.</description><subject>acid detergent fiber</subject><subject>Agricultural and forest climatology and meteorology. Irrigation. Drainage</subject><subject>Agronomy. Soil science and plant productions</subject><subject>Arid zones</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Bothriochloa</subject><subject>Bothriochloa bladhii</subject><subject>Bothriochloa ischaemum</subject><subject>carbohydrate content</subject><subject>Carbohydrates</subject><subject>Crop science</subject><subject>Cropping systems</subject><subject>digestibility</subject><subject>Dry matter</subject><subject>dryland farming</subject><subject>Environmental aspects</subject><subject>Evapotranspiration</subject><subject>Food and nutrition</subject><subject>Forage</subject><subject>forage crops</subject><subject>forage grasses</subject><subject>Forage plants</subject><subject>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</subject><subject>General agronomy. Plant production</subject><subject>Grasses</subject><subject>Growing season</subject><subject>Harvesting</subject><subject>Hay</subject><subject>Irrigation</subject><subject>Irrigation effects</subject><subject>irrigation rates</subject><subject>Irrigation. Drainage</subject><subject>leaf sheaths</subject><subject>leaves</subject><subject>neutral detergent fiber</subject><subject>Nutritional aspects</subject><subject>Nutritive value</subject><subject>Pastures</subject><subject>Plant morphology</subject><subject>Plants</subject><subject>stems</subject><issn>0011-183X</issn><issn>1435-0653</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2005</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>8G5</sourceid><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><sourceid>GNUQQ</sourceid><sourceid>GUQSH</sourceid><sourceid>M2O</sourceid><recordid>eNqFkdGLEzEQxoMoWE_ffTMIPm6dJLub5rEsnh4cnFgPfAtpdrKXI93UZNuj_70pW9CHAwkkMPy-75vMEPKewZIz0Xy2Ke6z9RygXkLbqhdkwWrRVNA24iVZADBWsZX49Zq8yfkRAKSSzYLgdUxmQDoepuQnf0R6NOGA1Iw93cW0f4ghDicaHZ0eEiKNoadPMZV7W7A84S7Tw9hjooYmMxangvqU_GAmH0ca8IghvyWvnAkZ313eK3J__eVn9626vft6061vK1sroaqa99sGtkwoaVre2J5LBsIqcKjKN7iwKCyrpbNMcqG4xZ5B42zDXN8o1Ysr8nH23af4-9yefoyHNJZIzRlvhWQrVaBqhgYTUPvRxSkZO-CIyYQ4ovOlvGZipVRbc1H45TN8OT3uvH1WALOg7CTnhE7vk9-ZdNIM9HlZ-p9l6fOyiuTTpXGTrQmujNL6_FcnuRSibQu3nrmnknn6r6_uNh3vftx933Q35-Il68Ps4UzUZkgl537DgQlgUJfpgvgDhu2zBQ</recordid><startdate>200511</startdate><enddate>200511</enddate><creator>Phillipp, D</creator><creator>Allen, V.G</creator><creator>Mitchell, R.B</creator><creator>Brown, C.P</creator><creator>Wester, D.B</creator><general>The Crop Science Society of America, Inc</general><general>Crop Science Society of America</general><general>American Society of Agronomy</general><scope>FBQ</scope><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7X2</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88I</scope><scope>8AF</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FG</scope><scope>8FH</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>8G5</scope><scope>ABJCF</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>ATCPS</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BGLVJ</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>GUQSH</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>L6V</scope><scope>M0K</scope><scope>M2O</scope><scope>M2P</scope><scope>M7S</scope><scope>MBDVC</scope><scope>PATMY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PTHSS</scope><scope>PYCSY</scope><scope>Q9U</scope><scope>R05</scope><scope>S0X</scope></search><sort><creationdate>200511</creationdate><title>Forage nutritive value and morphology of three old world bluestems under a range of irrigation levels</title><author>Phillipp, D ; Allen, V.G ; Mitchell, R.B ; Brown, C.P ; Wester, D.B</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c4939-42db50b1397a625cd27103c90fe965323ce3c147fc172392ced105fc51fd599d3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2005</creationdate><topic>acid detergent fiber</topic><topic>Agricultural and forest climatology and meteorology. Irrigation. Drainage</topic><topic>Agronomy. Soil science and plant productions</topic><topic>Arid zones</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>Bothriochloa</topic><topic>Bothriochloa bladhii</topic><topic>Bothriochloa ischaemum</topic><topic>carbohydrate content</topic><topic>Carbohydrates</topic><topic>Crop science</topic><topic>Cropping systems</topic><topic>digestibility</topic><topic>Dry matter</topic><topic>dryland farming</topic><topic>Environmental aspects</topic><topic>Evapotranspiration</topic><topic>Food and nutrition</topic><topic>Forage</topic><topic>forage crops</topic><topic>forage grasses</topic><topic>Forage plants</topic><topic>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</topic><topic>General agronomy. Plant production</topic><topic>Grasses</topic><topic>Growing season</topic><topic>Harvesting</topic><topic>Hay</topic><topic>Irrigation</topic><topic>Irrigation effects</topic><topic>irrigation rates</topic><topic>Irrigation. Drainage</topic><topic>leaf sheaths</topic><topic>leaves</topic><topic>neutral detergent fiber</topic><topic>Nutritional aspects</topic><topic>Nutritive value</topic><topic>Pastures</topic><topic>Plant morphology</topic><topic>Plants</topic><topic>stems</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Phillipp, D</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Allen, V.G</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mitchell, R.B</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Brown, C.P</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wester, D.B</creatorcontrib><collection>AGRIS</collection><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Agricultural Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Science Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>STEM Database</collection><collection>ProQuest SciTech Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Technology Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Research Library (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Materials Science & Engineering Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>Agricultural & Environmental Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Technology Collection</collection><collection>Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Student</collection><collection>Research Library Prep</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Engineering Collection</collection><collection>Agricultural Science Database</collection><collection>Research Library</collection><collection>Science Database</collection><collection>Engineering Database</collection><collection>Research Library (Corporate)</collection><collection>Environmental Science Database</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>Engineering Collection</collection><collection>Environmental Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Basic</collection><collection>University of Michigan</collection><collection>SIRS Editorial</collection><jtitle>Crop science</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Phillipp, D</au><au>Allen, V.G</au><au>Mitchell, R.B</au><au>Brown, C.P</au><au>Wester, D.B</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Forage nutritive value and morphology of three old world bluestems under a range of irrigation levels</atitle><jtitle>Crop science</jtitle><date>2005-11</date><risdate>2005</risdate><volume>45</volume><issue>6</issue><spage>2258</spage><epage>2268</epage><pages>2258-2268</pages><issn>0011-183X</issn><eissn>1435-0653</eissn><coden>CRPSAY</coden><abstract>Introduced forages offer alternatives to traditional cropping systems in the semiarid Texas High Plains, but effects of irrigation on nutritive value are not well known. Three old world bluestem (Bothriochloa) species [B. bladhii (Retz) S.T. Blake 'WW-B. Dahl', B. ischaemum (L.) Keng. var. ischaemum (Hack.) 'WW-Spar', and B. caucasica (Trin.) C.E. Hubbard 'Caucasian'] were surface drip-irrigated with zero (dryland) and low, medium, and high irrigation levels, to determine nutritive value and morphological development in 2001 to 2003 under a completely randomized block design, a split-plot treatment arrangement, and three replicates. Water applied in the high treatment was 100% replacement of potential evapotranspiration minus precipitation. Medium and low treatments were 66 and 33% of the high treatment. Dry matter digestibility (DMD) of all species was higher (P < 0.05) at low irrigation than at other levels (580, 560, 550, and 570 g kg(-1) for low, medium, high, and dryland, respectively; SE = 4.0). Dahl was higher (P < 0.05) in crude protein (87 g kg(-1)) than Spar (76 g kg(-1)) and Caucasian (75 g kg(-1); SE = 2.0) during the growing season. In all species, total nonstructural carbohydrates and DMD declined while neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber increased with increasing irrigation. Before hay harvest, leaf blade:stem-plus-sheath ratio declined also, but after hay harvest, effects of irrigation were less consistent. Results suggested that irrigation likely affected nutritive value through effects on plant morphology and physiological age. Thus, irrigation strategies and species selection may aid in optimizing forage quality.</abstract><cop>Madison, WI</cop><pub>The Crop Science Society of America, Inc</pub><doi>10.2135/cropsci2004.0669</doi><tpages>11</tpages></addata></record> |
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| subjects | acid detergent fiber Agricultural and forest climatology and meteorology. Irrigation. Drainage Agronomy. Soil science and plant productions Arid zones Biological and medical sciences Bothriochloa Bothriochloa bladhii Bothriochloa ischaemum carbohydrate content Carbohydrates Crop science Cropping systems digestibility Dry matter dryland farming Environmental aspects Evapotranspiration Food and nutrition Forage forage crops forage grasses Forage plants Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology General agronomy. Plant production Grasses Growing season Harvesting Hay Irrigation Irrigation effects irrigation rates Irrigation. Drainage leaf sheaths leaves neutral detergent fiber Nutritional aspects Nutritive value Pastures Plant morphology Plants stems |
| title | Forage nutritive value and morphology of three old world bluestems under a range of irrigation levels |
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