Hydrogen atom density in narrow-gap microwave hydrogen plasma determined by calorimetry
The density of hydrogen (H) atoms in the narrow-gap microwave hydrogen plasma generated under high-pressure conditions is expected to be very high because of the high input power density of the order of 104 W/cm3. For measuring the H atom density in such a high-pressure and high-density plasma, powe...
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description | The density of hydrogen (H) atoms in the narrow-gap microwave hydrogen plasma generated under high-pressure conditions is expected to be very high because of the high input power density of the order of 104 W/cm3. For measuring the H atom density in such a high-pressure and high-density plasma, power-balance calorimetry is suited since a sufficient signal to noise ratio is expected. In this study, H atom density in the narrow-gap microwave hydrogen plasma has been determined by the power-balance calorimetry. The effective input power to the plasma is balanced with the sum of the powers related to the out-going energy per unit time from the plasma region via heat conduction, outflow of high-energy particles, and radiation. These powers can be estimated by simple temperature measurements using thermocouples and optical emission spectroscopy. From the power-balance data, the dissociation fraction of H2 molecules is determined, and the obtained maximum H atom density is (1.3 ± 0.2) × 1018 cm−3. It is found that the H atom density increases monotonically with increasing the energy invested per one H2 molecule within a constant plasma volume. |
doi_str_mv | 10.1063/1.4941821 |
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For measuring the H atom density in such a high-pressure and high-density plasma, power-balance calorimetry is suited since a sufficient signal to noise ratio is expected. In this study, H atom density in the narrow-gap microwave hydrogen plasma has been determined by the power-balance calorimetry. The effective input power to the plasma is balanced with the sum of the powers related to the out-going energy per unit time from the plasma region via heat conduction, outflow of high-energy particles, and radiation. These powers can be estimated by simple temperature measurements using thermocouples and optical emission spectroscopy. From the power-balance data, the dissociation fraction of H2 molecules is determined, and the obtained maximum H atom density is (1.3 ± 0.2) × 1018 cm−3. It is found that the H atom density increases monotonically with increasing the energy invested per one H2 molecule within a constant plasma volume.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0021-8979</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1089-7550</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1063/1.4941821</identifier><identifier>CODEN: JAPIAU</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Melville: American Institute of Physics</publisher><subject>Conduction heating ; Conductive heat transfer ; Heat measurement ; Hydrogen ; Hydrogen plasma ; Optical emission spectroscopy ; Outflow ; Plasma ; Signal to noise ratio ; Thermocouples</subject><ispartof>Journal of applied physics, 2016-02, Vol.119 (6)</ispartof><rights>AIP Publishing LLC</rights><rights>2016 AIP Publishing LLC.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c393t-db9334186c094c7f7044d5d6d6925146ed44f0e4470ec9c7ea810d0fedf2f2923</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c393t-db9334186c094c7f7044d5d6d6925146ed44f0e4470ec9c7ea810d0fedf2f2923</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://pubs.aip.org/jap/article-lookup/doi/10.1063/1.4941821$$EHTML$$P50$$Gscitation$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,794,4512,27924,27925,76384</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Yamada, Takahiro</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ohmi, Hiromasa</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kakiuchi, Hiroaki</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yasutake, Kiyoshi</creatorcontrib><title>Hydrogen atom density in narrow-gap microwave hydrogen plasma determined by calorimetry</title><title>Journal of applied physics</title><description>The density of hydrogen (H) atoms in the narrow-gap microwave hydrogen plasma generated under high-pressure conditions is expected to be very high because of the high input power density of the order of 104 W/cm3. For measuring the H atom density in such a high-pressure and high-density plasma, power-balance calorimetry is suited since a sufficient signal to noise ratio is expected. In this study, H atom density in the narrow-gap microwave hydrogen plasma has been determined by the power-balance calorimetry. The effective input power to the plasma is balanced with the sum of the powers related to the out-going energy per unit time from the plasma region via heat conduction, outflow of high-energy particles, and radiation. These powers can be estimated by simple temperature measurements using thermocouples and optical emission spectroscopy. From the power-balance data, the dissociation fraction of H2 molecules is determined, and the obtained maximum H atom density is (1.3 ± 0.2) × 1018 cm−3. It is found that the H atom density increases monotonically with increasing the energy invested per one H2 molecule within a constant plasma volume.</description><subject>Conduction heating</subject><subject>Conductive heat transfer</subject><subject>Heat measurement</subject><subject>Hydrogen</subject><subject>Hydrogen plasma</subject><subject>Optical emission spectroscopy</subject><subject>Outflow</subject><subject>Plasma</subject><subject>Signal to noise ratio</subject><subject>Thermocouples</subject><issn>0021-8979</issn><issn>1089-7550</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2016</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNqd0MtKAzEUBuAgCtbqwjcIuFKYmpNkLllKUSsIbhSXIc2lTulMxiStzNsbacW9q3MWH-fyI3QJZAakYrcw44JDQ-EITYA0oqjLkhyjCSEUikbU4hSdxbgmBKBhYoLeF6MJfmV7rJLvsLF9bNOI2x73KgT_VazUgLtW51btLP741cNGxU5ln2zo2t4avByxVhsf2s6mMJ6jE6c20V4c6hS9Pdy_zhfF88vj0_zuudBMsFSYpWAs31tpIriuXU04N6WpTCVoCbyyhnNHLOc1sVro2qoGiCHOGkcdFZRN0dV-7hD859bGJNd-G_q8UlKgIHIoVZ3V9V7lP2IM1skh36nCKIHIn9wkyENu2d7sbdRtUqn1_f_wzoc_KAfj2DcX3Hw2</recordid><startdate>20160214</startdate><enddate>20160214</enddate><creator>Yamada, Takahiro</creator><creator>Ohmi, Hiromasa</creator><creator>Kakiuchi, Hiroaki</creator><creator>Yasutake, Kiyoshi</creator><general>American Institute of Physics</general><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>H8D</scope><scope>L7M</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20160214</creationdate><title>Hydrogen atom density in narrow-gap microwave hydrogen plasma determined by calorimetry</title><author>Yamada, Takahiro ; Ohmi, Hiromasa ; Kakiuchi, Hiroaki ; Yasutake, Kiyoshi</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c393t-db9334186c094c7f7044d5d6d6925146ed44f0e4470ec9c7ea810d0fedf2f2923</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2016</creationdate><topic>Conduction heating</topic><topic>Conductive heat transfer</topic><topic>Heat measurement</topic><topic>Hydrogen</topic><topic>Hydrogen plasma</topic><topic>Optical emission spectroscopy</topic><topic>Outflow</topic><topic>Plasma</topic><topic>Signal to noise ratio</topic><topic>Thermocouples</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Yamada, Takahiro</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ohmi, Hiromasa</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kakiuchi, Hiroaki</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yasutake, Kiyoshi</creatorcontrib><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Aerospace Database</collection><collection>Advanced Technologies Database with Aerospace</collection><jtitle>Journal of applied physics</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Yamada, Takahiro</au><au>Ohmi, Hiromasa</au><au>Kakiuchi, Hiroaki</au><au>Yasutake, Kiyoshi</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Hydrogen atom density in narrow-gap microwave hydrogen plasma determined by calorimetry</atitle><jtitle>Journal of applied physics</jtitle><date>2016-02-14</date><risdate>2016</risdate><volume>119</volume><issue>6</issue><issn>0021-8979</issn><eissn>1089-7550</eissn><coden>JAPIAU</coden><abstract>The density of hydrogen (H) atoms in the narrow-gap microwave hydrogen plasma generated under high-pressure conditions is expected to be very high because of the high input power density of the order of 104 W/cm3. For measuring the H atom density in such a high-pressure and high-density plasma, power-balance calorimetry is suited since a sufficient signal to noise ratio is expected. In this study, H atom density in the narrow-gap microwave hydrogen plasma has been determined by the power-balance calorimetry. The effective input power to the plasma is balanced with the sum of the powers related to the out-going energy per unit time from the plasma region via heat conduction, outflow of high-energy particles, and radiation. These powers can be estimated by simple temperature measurements using thermocouples and optical emission spectroscopy. From the power-balance data, the dissociation fraction of H2 molecules is determined, and the obtained maximum H atom density is (1.3 ± 0.2) × 1018 cm−3. It is found that the H atom density increases monotonically with increasing the energy invested per one H2 molecule within a constant plasma volume.</abstract><cop>Melville</cop><pub>American Institute of Physics</pub><doi>10.1063/1.4941821</doi><tpages>7</tpages></addata></record> |
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subjects | Conduction heating Conductive heat transfer Heat measurement Hydrogen Hydrogen plasma Optical emission spectroscopy Outflow Plasma Signal to noise ratio Thermocouples |
title | Hydrogen atom density in narrow-gap microwave hydrogen plasma determined by calorimetry |
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