Paternity Leave and the Motherhood Penalty: New Causal Evidence
Objective: The objective of this study was to test how a father's paternity leave affects the within‐household gender wage gap among heterosexual couples. Background: Previous studies focus on the actual number of days of leave the father takes, but if an important driver of the gender wage gap...
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| description | Objective: The objective of this study was to test how a father's paternity leave affects the within‐household gender wage gap among heterosexual couples.
Background: Previous studies focus on the actual number of days of leave the father takes, but if an important driver of the gender wage gap is the effect of parental leave on gender‐specific household specialization, absolute variations in the father's leave should not be the key interest. Instead, this article tests the effect of the extent of the father's leave relative to that of the mother's leave because it is this variation that plausibly affects the division of household labor and through this the within‐household gender wage gap.
Method: Full sample, administrative data are from Statistics Denmark. Causal inference was facilitated by exploiting 5 Danish parental leave reforms on 5 separate samples of all households who become first‐time parents within the year before and after each reform (N1 = 2,304; N2 = 45,683; N3 = 16,668; N4 = 42,328; N5 = 38,978).
Results: Father's leave reduces the within‐household gender wage gap through increasing mother's wages. Father's leave furthermore causes an increase in total household wage incomes.
Conclusion: Father's stronger involvement in the household may be one route to more gender equality, but more so to increased financial well‐being among families. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1111/jomf.12507 |
| format | Article |
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Background: Previous studies focus on the actual number of days of leave the father takes, but if an important driver of the gender wage gap is the effect of parental leave on gender‐specific household specialization, absolute variations in the father's leave should not be the key interest. Instead, this article tests the effect of the extent of the father's leave relative to that of the mother's leave because it is this variation that plausibly affects the division of household labor and through this the within‐household gender wage gap.
Method: Full sample, administrative data are from Statistics Denmark. Causal inference was facilitated by exploiting 5 Danish parental leave reforms on 5 separate samples of all households who become first‐time parents within the year before and after each reform (N1 = 2,304; N2 = 45,683; N3 = 16,668; N4 = 42,328; N5 = 38,978).
Results: Father's leave reduces the within‐household gender wage gap through increasing mother's wages. Father's leave furthermore causes an increase in total household wage incomes.
Conclusion: Father's stronger involvement in the household may be one route to more gender equality, but more so to increased financial well‐being among families.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0022-2445</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1741-3737</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1111/jomf.12507</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Hoboken, USA: Wiley Subscription Services, Inc</publisher><subject>Birth ; Causality ; Child Care ; Couples ; Division of labor ; Economic models ; Economic well being ; Employment ; Equality ; Evidence ; Family (Sociological Unit) ; Family leave ; Family roles ; Fathers ; Females ; Gender differences ; Gender Discrimination ; Gender equity ; Gender inequality ; Gender pay gap ; gender wage gap ; Heterosexuality ; Households ; Human Capital ; Income inequality ; instrumental variables models ; Labor Market ; Literature Reviews ; Males ; Maternity & paternity leaves ; Mothers ; Parents ; Parents & parenting ; Paternity ; paternity leave ; Prosocial Behavior ; Reforms ; Sexes ; Sexual Orientation ; Specialization ; Wages & salaries ; Well being</subject><ispartof>Journal of marriage and family, 2018-10, Vol.80 (5), p.1125-1143</ispartof><rights>2018 The Authors. published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of National Council on Family Relations.</rights><rights>Copyright Blackwell Publishing Ltd. Oct 2018</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c2527-d0c73a553b0948d51915ab50a5ca9e8fd728f4a4472274dc9d94528b785661953</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c2527-d0c73a553b0948d51915ab50a5ca9e8fd728f4a4472274dc9d94528b785661953</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111%2Fjomf.12507$$EPDF$$P50$$Gwiley$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111%2Fjomf.12507$$EHTML$$P50$$Gwiley$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,777,781,1412,27325,27905,27906,33755,45555,45556</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Andersen, Signe Hald</creatorcontrib><title>Paternity Leave and the Motherhood Penalty: New Causal Evidence</title><title>Journal of marriage and family</title><description>Objective: The objective of this study was to test how a father's paternity leave affects the within‐household gender wage gap among heterosexual couples.
Background: Previous studies focus on the actual number of days of leave the father takes, but if an important driver of the gender wage gap is the effect of parental leave on gender‐specific household specialization, absolute variations in the father's leave should not be the key interest. Instead, this article tests the effect of the extent of the father's leave relative to that of the mother's leave because it is this variation that plausibly affects the division of household labor and through this the within‐household gender wage gap.
Method: Full sample, administrative data are from Statistics Denmark. Causal inference was facilitated by exploiting 5 Danish parental leave reforms on 5 separate samples of all households who become first‐time parents within the year before and after each reform (N1 = 2,304; N2 = 45,683; N3 = 16,668; N4 = 42,328; N5 = 38,978).
Results: Father's leave reduces the within‐household gender wage gap through increasing mother's wages. Father's leave furthermore causes an increase in total household wage incomes.
Conclusion: Father's stronger involvement in the household may be one route to more gender equality, but more so to increased financial well‐being among families.</description><subject>Birth</subject><subject>Causality</subject><subject>Child Care</subject><subject>Couples</subject><subject>Division of labor</subject><subject>Economic models</subject><subject>Economic well being</subject><subject>Employment</subject><subject>Equality</subject><subject>Evidence</subject><subject>Family (Sociological Unit)</subject><subject>Family leave</subject><subject>Family roles</subject><subject>Fathers</subject><subject>Females</subject><subject>Gender differences</subject><subject>Gender Discrimination</subject><subject>Gender equity</subject><subject>Gender inequality</subject><subject>Gender pay gap</subject><subject>gender wage gap</subject><subject>Heterosexuality</subject><subject>Households</subject><subject>Human Capital</subject><subject>Income inequality</subject><subject>instrumental variables models</subject><subject>Labor Market</subject><subject>Literature Reviews</subject><subject>Males</subject><subject>Maternity & paternity leaves</subject><subject>Mothers</subject><subject>Parents</subject><subject>Parents & parenting</subject><subject>Paternity</subject><subject>paternity leave</subject><subject>Prosocial Behavior</subject><subject>Reforms</subject><subject>Sexes</subject><subject>Sexual Orientation</subject><subject>Specialization</subject><subject>Wages & salaries</subject><subject>Well 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Leave and the Motherhood Penalty: New Causal Evidence</title><author>Andersen, Signe Hald</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c2527-d0c73a553b0948d51915ab50a5ca9e8fd728f4a4472274dc9d94528b785661953</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2018</creationdate><topic>Birth</topic><topic>Causality</topic><topic>Child Care</topic><topic>Couples</topic><topic>Division of labor</topic><topic>Economic models</topic><topic>Economic well being</topic><topic>Employment</topic><topic>Equality</topic><topic>Evidence</topic><topic>Family (Sociological Unit)</topic><topic>Family leave</topic><topic>Family roles</topic><topic>Fathers</topic><topic>Females</topic><topic>Gender differences</topic><topic>Gender Discrimination</topic><topic>Gender equity</topic><topic>Gender inequality</topic><topic>Gender pay gap</topic><topic>gender wage 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Background: Previous studies focus on the actual number of days of leave the father takes, but if an important driver of the gender wage gap is the effect of parental leave on gender‐specific household specialization, absolute variations in the father's leave should not be the key interest. Instead, this article tests the effect of the extent of the father's leave relative to that of the mother's leave because it is this variation that plausibly affects the division of household labor and through this the within‐household gender wage gap.
Method: Full sample, administrative data are from Statistics Denmark. Causal inference was facilitated by exploiting 5 Danish parental leave reforms on 5 separate samples of all households who become first‐time parents within the year before and after each reform (N1 = 2,304; N2 = 45,683; N3 = 16,668; N4 = 42,328; N5 = 38,978).
Results: Father's leave reduces the within‐household gender wage gap through increasing mother's wages. Father's leave furthermore causes an increase in total household wage incomes.
Conclusion: Father's stronger involvement in the household may be one route to more gender equality, but more so to increased financial well‐being among families.</abstract><cop>Hoboken, USA</cop><pub>Wiley Subscription Services, Inc</pub><doi>10.1111/jomf.12507</doi><tpages>19</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | Journal of marriage and family, 2018-10, Vol.80 (5), p.1125-1143 |
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| source | Wiley Online Library Journals Frontfile Complete; Sociological Abstracts; Jstor Complete Legacy; Education Source |
| subjects | Birth Causality Child Care Couples Division of labor Economic models Economic well being Employment Equality Evidence Family (Sociological Unit) Family leave Family roles Fathers Females Gender differences Gender Discrimination Gender equity Gender inequality Gender pay gap gender wage gap Heterosexuality Households Human Capital Income inequality instrumental variables models Labor Market Literature Reviews Males Maternity & paternity leaves Mothers Parents Parents & parenting Paternity paternity leave Prosocial Behavior Reforms Sexes Sexual Orientation Specialization Wages & salaries Well being |
| title | Paternity Leave and the Motherhood Penalty: New Causal Evidence |
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