Comparing Climate Change Policy Adoption and Its Extension across Areas of City Policymaking

Public policies increasingly address complex problems such as climate change mitigation and climate change adaptation that require forging connections across existing areas of policy activity. Despite the emerging prominence of these types of policymaking challenges, more research is needed to understand policy responses to them. In this paper, I use survey responses from 287 cities and a hurdle model to comparatively examine the factors that underlie the adoption of climate change mitigation and adaptation as issues influencing city policymaking and their extension across areas of city policymaking. I find evidence that while social change, crisis, and conditions supporting nascent coalitions were associated with adoption, extension across areas of policymaking was associated with the city?s prevailing political economy as well as the resources for expanding communities of interest. In the process, I offer empirical evidence for existing similarities and differences in cities? considerations about climate change mitigation and adaptation; particularly that the number of policymaking areas influenced by mitigation was associated with financial factors while the number influenced by adaptation was associated with socioeconomic ones. 摘要 公共政策越来越多地处理要求对现有政策活动领域加以联系的复杂问题, 诸如, 减缓气候变化和增加对于气候变化的适应性。尽管这类政策制定的挑战已被广泛关注, 我们需要更多的研究来理解对这类问题的政策回应。在这篇文章中, 我使用来自287个市的问卷答复和栅栏模型, 从它们如何影响各市相关政策制定以及它们在市政策制定的跨领域扩展这两个方面, 来比较分析那些影响减缓和适应气候变化政策的因素。我发现, 尽管那些支撑新生联盟的社会变化、危机和条件与相关政策采纳有关, 那些在政策制定方面跨领域的扩展则与该城市主流的政治经济和可用来扩大至相关领域的资源相联系。在这一过程中, 我还对城市减缓和适应气候变化的原因的异同提供了实证证据。具体而言, 被减缓气候变化所影响的政策制定领域的数量与财政因素相关联, 而被适应气候变化所影响的数量与社会经济因素相关联。