Two-dimensional electron density visualization over plasma flare in vacuum breakdown process
Spatiotemporal evolution of plasma flares in a vacuum breakdown process was characterized by various optical techniques including Shack-Hartmann type laser wavefront sensors for two-dimensional electron density imaging, high-speed framing photography for speed determination of flare expansion, and o...
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Veröffentlicht in: | Journal of applied physics 2018-08, Vol.124 (8) |
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creator | Inada, Y. Kamiya, T. Matsuoka, S. Kumada, A. Ikeda, H. Hidaka, K. |
description | Spatiotemporal evolution of plasma flares in a vacuum breakdown process was characterized by various optical techniques including Shack-Hartmann type laser wavefront sensors for two-dimensional electron density imaging, high-speed framing photography for speed determination of flare expansion, and optical emission spectroscopy for plasma composition assessment. The experimental results showed that the plasma flares with high electron densities of 1025 m−3 and gas temperature of 2 eV were initiated on the copper anode and expanded to the vacuum gap with a propagation speed of 6 × 103 m/s. Subsequently, the electron densities in the anode flare tips demonstrated a drastic decrease in a short time scale of 50 ns due to a three-body recombination reaction. The anode flare tips combined with the cathode plasma flares initiated on the copper cathode, and the conductive plasma channels containing flare-induced copper vapor were established in the interelectrode gap. In the final stage of the vacuum breakdown, the copper-vapor-contaminating plasmas were deconstructed and they transformed into the vacuum arc discharges. |
doi_str_mv | 10.1063/1.5035100 |
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The experimental results showed that the plasma flares with high electron densities of 1025 m−3 and gas temperature of 2 eV were initiated on the copper anode and expanded to the vacuum gap with a propagation speed of 6 × 103 m/s. Subsequently, the electron densities in the anode flare tips demonstrated a drastic decrease in a short time scale of 50 ns due to a three-body recombination reaction. The anode flare tips combined with the cathode plasma flares initiated on the copper cathode, and the conductive plasma channels containing flare-induced copper vapor were established in the interelectrode gap. In the final stage of the vacuum breakdown, the copper-vapor-contaminating plasmas were deconstructed and they transformed into the vacuum arc discharges.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0021-8979</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1089-7550</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1063/1.5035100</identifier><identifier>CODEN: JAPIAU</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Melville: American Institute of Physics</publisher><subject>Anodes ; Applied physics ; Arc discharges ; Breakdown ; Cathodes ; Copper ; Electric arcs ; Electron density ; Emission analysis ; Flares ; Gas temperature ; Optical emission spectroscopy ; Optics ; Photography ; Plasma ; Plasma composition ; Plasmas (physics) ; Recombination reactions ; Tips</subject><ispartof>Journal of applied physics, 2018-08, Vol.124 (8)</ispartof><rights>Author(s)</rights><rights>2018 Author(s). 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The experimental results showed that the plasma flares with high electron densities of 1025 m−3 and gas temperature of 2 eV were initiated on the copper anode and expanded to the vacuum gap with a propagation speed of 6 × 103 m/s. Subsequently, the electron densities in the anode flare tips demonstrated a drastic decrease in a short time scale of 50 ns due to a three-body recombination reaction. The anode flare tips combined with the cathode plasma flares initiated on the copper cathode, and the conductive plasma channels containing flare-induced copper vapor were established in the interelectrode gap. In the final stage of the vacuum breakdown, the copper-vapor-contaminating plasmas were deconstructed and they transformed into the vacuum arc discharges.</description><subject>Anodes</subject><subject>Applied physics</subject><subject>Arc discharges</subject><subject>Breakdown</subject><subject>Cathodes</subject><subject>Copper</subject><subject>Electric arcs</subject><subject>Electron density</subject><subject>Emission analysis</subject><subject>Flares</subject><subject>Gas temperature</subject><subject>Optical emission spectroscopy</subject><subject>Optics</subject><subject>Photography</subject><subject>Plasma</subject><subject>Plasma composition</subject><subject>Plasmas (physics)</subject><subject>Recombination reactions</subject><subject>Tips</subject><issn>0021-8979</issn><issn>1089-7550</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2018</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNqd0E1Lw0AQBuBFFKzVg_9gwZNC6ky2m2SPUvyCgpd6E8J-QmqSrbtJSv31prbg3dPA8DAz7xByjTBDyNg9zjgwjgAnZIJQiCTnHE7JBCDFpBC5OCcXMa4BEAsmJuRjtfWJqRrbxsq3sqa2troLvqVm3-p2dKhiL-vqW3YjoH6wgW5qGRtJXS2DpVVLB6n7vqEqWPlp_Lalm-C1jfGSnDlZR3t1rFPy_vS4Wrwky7fn18XDMtFMsC5xmDmh5kWRpuNdOTM5V_MMmLapk0qZPDMoMs0yoVSuDTKnuAAUCgxmhiObkpvD3HHvV29jV659H8Y0sUxBpDkgL9JR3R6UDj7GYF25CVUjw65EKPfPK7E8Pm-0dwcbddX9Jv8fHnz4g-XGOPYDWj9-Ig</recordid><startdate>20180828</startdate><enddate>20180828</enddate><creator>Inada, Y.</creator><creator>Kamiya, T.</creator><creator>Matsuoka, S.</creator><creator>Kumada, A.</creator><creator>Ikeda, H.</creator><creator>Hidaka, K.</creator><general>American Institute of Physics</general><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>H8D</scope><scope>L7M</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20180828</creationdate><title>Two-dimensional electron density visualization over plasma flare in vacuum breakdown process</title><author>Inada, Y. ; Kamiya, T. ; Matsuoka, S. ; Kumada, A. ; Ikeda, H. ; Hidaka, K.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c393t-f16f9b4882200173d75b4603ce2fabbd76d196c369bb7cd13fb59019b0d16d513</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2018</creationdate><topic>Anodes</topic><topic>Applied physics</topic><topic>Arc discharges</topic><topic>Breakdown</topic><topic>Cathodes</topic><topic>Copper</topic><topic>Electric arcs</topic><topic>Electron density</topic><topic>Emission analysis</topic><topic>Flares</topic><topic>Gas temperature</topic><topic>Optical emission spectroscopy</topic><topic>Optics</topic><topic>Photography</topic><topic>Plasma</topic><topic>Plasma composition</topic><topic>Plasmas (physics)</topic><topic>Recombination reactions</topic><topic>Tips</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Inada, Y.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kamiya, T.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Matsuoka, S.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kumada, A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ikeda, H.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hidaka, K.</creatorcontrib><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Aerospace Database</collection><collection>Advanced Technologies Database with Aerospace</collection><jtitle>Journal of applied physics</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Inada, Y.</au><au>Kamiya, T.</au><au>Matsuoka, S.</au><au>Kumada, A.</au><au>Ikeda, H.</au><au>Hidaka, K.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Two-dimensional electron density visualization over plasma flare in vacuum breakdown process</atitle><jtitle>Journal of applied physics</jtitle><date>2018-08-28</date><risdate>2018</risdate><volume>124</volume><issue>8</issue><issn>0021-8979</issn><eissn>1089-7550</eissn><coden>JAPIAU</coden><abstract>Spatiotemporal evolution of plasma flares in a vacuum breakdown process was characterized by various optical techniques including Shack-Hartmann type laser wavefront sensors for two-dimensional electron density imaging, high-speed framing photography for speed determination of flare expansion, and optical emission spectroscopy for plasma composition assessment. The experimental results showed that the plasma flares with high electron densities of 1025 m−3 and gas temperature of 2 eV were initiated on the copper anode and expanded to the vacuum gap with a propagation speed of 6 × 103 m/s. Subsequently, the electron densities in the anode flare tips demonstrated a drastic decrease in a short time scale of 50 ns due to a three-body recombination reaction. The anode flare tips combined with the cathode plasma flares initiated on the copper cathode, and the conductive plasma channels containing flare-induced copper vapor were established in the interelectrode gap. In the final stage of the vacuum breakdown, the copper-vapor-contaminating plasmas were deconstructed and they transformed into the vacuum arc discharges.</abstract><cop>Melville</cop><pub>American Institute of Physics</pub><doi>10.1063/1.5035100</doi><tpages>9</tpages></addata></record> |
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subjects | Anodes Applied physics Arc discharges Breakdown Cathodes Copper Electric arcs Electron density Emission analysis Flares Gas temperature Optical emission spectroscopy Optics Photography Plasma Plasma composition Plasmas (physics) Recombination reactions Tips |
title | Two-dimensional electron density visualization over plasma flare in vacuum breakdown process |
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