Profile of Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia in Children Under 2 Years of Age
Abstract Context: Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) shows substantial differences in clinical and laboratory features and treatment responsiveness in different subgroups. Pediatric ALL 11 gm% was seen in 12%, WBC counts above 50,000 in 26% and platelets below 20,000 in 20%. Elevated lactate dehydro...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Indian journal of medical and paediatric oncology 2018-07, Vol.39 (3), p.307-311 |
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| container_title | Indian journal of medical and paediatric oncology |
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| creator | Cherungonath, Anoop Appaji, L Padma, M Arunakumari, BS Arunkumar, AR Avinash, T Vijay, CR Madhumati, DS |
| description | Abstract
Context:
Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) shows substantial differences in clinical and laboratory features and treatment responsiveness in different subgroups. Pediatric ALL 11 gm% was seen in 12%, WBC counts above 50,000 in 26% and platelets below 20,000 in 20%. Elevated lactate dehydrogenase presents in 64% and uric acid in 12%. Immunophenotype done in 44 children; precursor-B ALL-41, precursor-T ALL-3. Central nervous system -positive disease and 11q23 translocation were noted in one infant each.
Conclusions:
Infants with ALL are associated with poor prognosis. Children in the 1–2 years are associated with significantly better outcome. WBC counts >50,000 are associated with poor prognosis among infants. Treatment refusal/abandonment rate is 43% in the study population which is comparable to that in literature. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.4103/ijmpo.ijmpo_10_17 |
| format | Article |
| fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>gale_proqu</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_proquest_journals_2089837965</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><galeid>A550790360</galeid><sourcerecordid>A550790360</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c484l-bb6b471cae2557557e0965a636055458bbb7408b811b56f464beacd8c34e32a43</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNp1kUFr4zAQhc3ShW27_QF7Eyz05lSyJVs-htBuFwLtITn0JCR5XCuRrVSyCf33VeJAW2iR0Ojw3htpviT5Q_CMEpzfmE23c7PjKQgWpPyRnOOqZGlGsurseCcp44z8Si5C2GCcM1Lw8-T-0bvGWECuQXM9DoCWr92udcrKMBiNljBuoTMSmR4tWmNrDz1a9zV4lKEnkD4cnc_wO_nZSBvg6lQvk_Xd7Wpxny4f_v1fzJepppzaVKlC0ZJoCRljZdyAq4LJIi8wY5RxpVRJMVecEMWKhhZUgdQ11zmFPJM0v0z-Trk7715GCIPYuNH3saXIMK94Xsa8d9WztCBM37jBS92ZoMWcMVxWODaMqtkXqrjq-GXtejhM5rPh-oOhBWmHNjg7Dsb14bOQTELtXQgeGrHzppP-9QDnAExMqD4Ai57V5Nk7O4APWzvuwYsO6m3v9t8bRY5LccIoXCPkAaOwJ4wxFk-xQ2ugg_dxff-SN2peuBc</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Aggregation Database</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>2089837965</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Profile of Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia in Children Under 2 Years of Age</title><source>Thieme Connect Journals Open Access</source><source>EZB-FREE-00999 freely available EZB journals</source><creator>Cherungonath, Anoop ; Appaji, L ; Padma, M ; Arunakumari, BS ; Arunkumar, AR ; Avinash, T ; Vijay, CR ; Madhumati, DS</creator><creatorcontrib>Cherungonath, Anoop ; Appaji, L ; Padma, M ; Arunakumari, BS ; Arunkumar, AR ; Avinash, T ; Vijay, CR ; Madhumati, DS</creatorcontrib><description>Abstract
Context:
Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) shows substantial differences in clinical and laboratory features and treatment responsiveness in different subgroups. Pediatric ALL <2 years is associated with worse outcome. Infantile ALL is characterized by high white blood cell (WBC) counts, bulky extramedullary disease, translocations of 11q23 locus. There is paucity of data on ALL under 2 years of age.
Aims:
This study aims to analyze clinical, hematological, biochemical, immunophenotypical parameters, and treatment responsiveness of ALL under 2 years.
Settings and Designs:
It is a retrospective data analysis conducted at a Tertiary Care Cancer Centre in South India. The study population includes all pediatric ALL, registered at this institute during January 2009 to December 2013, who were under 2 years at the time of presentation.
Materials and Methods:
There were 122 cases of ALL under 2 years of age of whom 48 refused treatment, and four were lost to follow-up. Thus, 70 cases are eligible for analysis. Details on clinical, hematological, biochemical, radiological, immunophenotypical, and cytogenetic features were collected from case records, hospital cancer registry, and analysis done using SPSS version 20. Kaplan–Meier curves plotted for survival analysis.
Results:
: Male:female ratio was 1.26:1 (infants - 1:1; 1–2 years group - 1.3:1). The most common clinical features were hepatomegaly (95%) and fever (89%). Hemoglobin level >11 gm% was seen in 12%, WBC counts above 50,000 in 26% and platelets below 20,000 in 20%. Elevated lactate dehydrogenase presents in 64% and uric acid in 12%. Immunophenotype done in 44 children; precursor-B ALL-41, precursor-T ALL-3. Central nervous system -positive disease and 11q23 translocation were noted in one infant each.
Conclusions:
Infants with ALL are associated with poor prognosis. Children in the 1–2 years are associated with significantly better outcome. WBC counts >50,000 are associated with poor prognosis among infants. Treatment refusal/abandonment rate is 43% in the study population which is comparable to that in literature.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0971-5851</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 0975-2129</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.4103/ijmpo.ijmpo_10_17</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>A-12, 2nd Floor, Sector 2, Noida-201301 UP, India: Thieme Medical and Scientific Publishers Pvt. Ltd</publisher><subject>Age ; Babies ; Care and treatment ; Childhood leukemia ; Hematology ; Leukemia ; Medical prognosis ; Morphology ; Original Article ; Pediatric research ; Pediatrics ; Uric acid</subject><ispartof>Indian journal of medical and paediatric oncology, 2018-07, Vol.39 (3), p.307-311</ispartof><rights>Indian Society of Medical and Paediatric Oncology. This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonDerivative-NonCommercial-License, permitting copying and reproduction so long as the original work is given appropriate credit. Contents may not be used for commercial purposes, or adapted, remixed, transformed or built upon. (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).</rights><rights>COPYRIGHT 2018 Medknow Publications and Media Pvt. Ltd.</rights><rights>2018. This work is published under https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c484l-bb6b471cae2557557e0965a636055458bbb7408b811b56f464beacd8c34e32a43</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.thieme-connect.de/products/ejournals/pdf/10.4103/ijmpo.ijmpo_10_17.pdf$$EPDF$$P50$$Gthieme$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.thieme-connect.de/products/ejournals/html/10.4103/ijmpo.ijmpo_10_17$$EHTML$$P50$$Gthieme$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,20891,27924,27925,54587,54615</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Cherungonath, Anoop</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Appaji, L</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Padma, M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Arunakumari, BS</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Arunkumar, AR</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Avinash, T</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Vijay, CR</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Madhumati, DS</creatorcontrib><title>Profile of Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia in Children Under 2 Years of Age</title><title>Indian journal of medical and paediatric oncology</title><addtitle>Indian J Med Paediatr Oncol</addtitle><description>Abstract
Context:
Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) shows substantial differences in clinical and laboratory features and treatment responsiveness in different subgroups. Pediatric ALL <2 years is associated with worse outcome. Infantile ALL is characterized by high white blood cell (WBC) counts, bulky extramedullary disease, translocations of 11q23 locus. There is paucity of data on ALL under 2 years of age.
Aims:
This study aims to analyze clinical, hematological, biochemical, immunophenotypical parameters, and treatment responsiveness of ALL under 2 years.
Settings and Designs:
It is a retrospective data analysis conducted at a Tertiary Care Cancer Centre in South India. The study population includes all pediatric ALL, registered at this institute during January 2009 to December 2013, who were under 2 years at the time of presentation.
Materials and Methods:
There were 122 cases of ALL under 2 years of age of whom 48 refused treatment, and four were lost to follow-up. Thus, 70 cases are eligible for analysis. Details on clinical, hematological, biochemical, radiological, immunophenotypical, and cytogenetic features were collected from case records, hospital cancer registry, and analysis done using SPSS version 20. Kaplan–Meier curves plotted for survival analysis.
Results:
: Male:female ratio was 1.26:1 (infants - 1:1; 1–2 years group - 1.3:1). The most common clinical features were hepatomegaly (95%) and fever (89%). Hemoglobin level >11 gm% was seen in 12%, WBC counts above 50,000 in 26% and platelets below 20,000 in 20%. Elevated lactate dehydrogenase presents in 64% and uric acid in 12%. Immunophenotype done in 44 children; precursor-B ALL-41, precursor-T ALL-3. Central nervous system -positive disease and 11q23 translocation were noted in one infant each.
Conclusions:
Infants with ALL are associated with poor prognosis. Children in the 1–2 years are associated with significantly better outcome. WBC counts >50,000 are associated with poor prognosis among infants. Treatment refusal/abandonment rate is 43% in the study population which is comparable to that in literature.</description><subject>Age</subject><subject>Babies</subject><subject>Care and treatment</subject><subject>Childhood leukemia</subject><subject>Hematology</subject><subject>Leukemia</subject><subject>Medical prognosis</subject><subject>Morphology</subject><subject>Original Article</subject><subject>Pediatric research</subject><subject>Pediatrics</subject><subject>Uric acid</subject><issn>0971-5851</issn><issn>0975-2129</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2018</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>0U6</sourceid><sourceid>8G5</sourceid><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><sourceid>GNUQQ</sourceid><sourceid>GUQSH</sourceid><sourceid>M2O</sourceid><recordid>eNp1kUFr4zAQhc3ShW27_QF7Eyz05lSyJVs-htBuFwLtITn0JCR5XCuRrVSyCf33VeJAW2iR0Ojw3htpviT5Q_CMEpzfmE23c7PjKQgWpPyRnOOqZGlGsurseCcp44z8Si5C2GCcM1Lw8-T-0bvGWECuQXM9DoCWr92udcrKMBiNljBuoTMSmR4tWmNrDz1a9zV4lKEnkD4cnc_wO_nZSBvg6lQvk_Xd7Wpxny4f_v1fzJepppzaVKlC0ZJoCRljZdyAq4LJIi8wY5RxpVRJMVecEMWKhhZUgdQ11zmFPJM0v0z-Trk7715GCIPYuNH3saXIMK94Xsa8d9WztCBM37jBS92ZoMWcMVxWODaMqtkXqrjq-GXtejhM5rPh-oOhBWmHNjg7Dsb14bOQTELtXQgeGrHzppP-9QDnAExMqD4Ai57V5Nk7O4APWzvuwYsO6m3v9t8bRY5LccIoXCPkAaOwJ4wxFk-xQ2ugg_dxff-SN2peuBc</recordid><startdate>201807</startdate><enddate>201807</enddate><creator>Cherungonath, Anoop</creator><creator>Appaji, L</creator><creator>Padma, M</creator><creator>Arunakumari, BS</creator><creator>Arunkumar, AR</creator><creator>Avinash, T</creator><creator>Vijay, CR</creator><creator>Madhumati, DS</creator><general>Thieme Medical and Scientific Publishers Pvt. 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Context:
Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) shows substantial differences in clinical and laboratory features and treatment responsiveness in different subgroups. Pediatric ALL <2 years is associated with worse outcome. Infantile ALL is characterized by high white blood cell (WBC) counts, bulky extramedullary disease, translocations of 11q23 locus. There is paucity of data on ALL under 2 years of age.
Aims:
This study aims to analyze clinical, hematological, biochemical, immunophenotypical parameters, and treatment responsiveness of ALL under 2 years.
Settings and Designs:
It is a retrospective data analysis conducted at a Tertiary Care Cancer Centre in South India. The study population includes all pediatric ALL, registered at this institute during January 2009 to December 2013, who were under 2 years at the time of presentation.
Materials and Methods:
There were 122 cases of ALL under 2 years of age of whom 48 refused treatment, and four were lost to follow-up. Thus, 70 cases are eligible for analysis. Details on clinical, hematological, biochemical, radiological, immunophenotypical, and cytogenetic features were collected from case records, hospital cancer registry, and analysis done using SPSS version 20. Kaplan–Meier curves plotted for survival analysis.
Results:
: Male:female ratio was 1.26:1 (infants - 1:1; 1–2 years group - 1.3:1). The most common clinical features were hepatomegaly (95%) and fever (89%). Hemoglobin level >11 gm% was seen in 12%, WBC counts above 50,000 in 26% and platelets below 20,000 in 20%. Elevated lactate dehydrogenase presents in 64% and uric acid in 12%. Immunophenotype done in 44 children; precursor-B ALL-41, precursor-T ALL-3. Central nervous system -positive disease and 11q23 translocation were noted in one infant each.
Conclusions:
Infants with ALL are associated with poor prognosis. Children in the 1–2 years are associated with significantly better outcome. WBC counts >50,000 are associated with poor prognosis among infants. Treatment refusal/abandonment rate is 43% in the study population which is comparable to that in literature.</abstract><cop>A-12, 2nd Floor, Sector 2, Noida-201301 UP, India</cop><pub>Thieme Medical and Scientific Publishers Pvt. Ltd</pub><doi>10.4103/ijmpo.ijmpo_10_17</doi><tpages>5</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| issn | 0971-5851 0975-2129 |
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| source | Thieme Connect Journals Open Access; EZB-FREE-00999 freely available EZB journals |
| subjects | Age Babies Care and treatment Childhood leukemia Hematology Leukemia Medical prognosis Morphology Original Article Pediatric research Pediatrics Uric acid |
| title | Profile of Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia in Children Under 2 Years of Age |
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