Mapping the global potential exposure of soaring birds to terrestrial wind energy expansion
The wind energy sector is steadily growing, and the number of wind turbines is expected to expand across large areas of the globe in the near future. While the development of wind energy can contribute to mitigating climate change, it also poses challenges to wildlife, particularly birds, due to inc...
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creator | Santangeli, Andrea Butchart, Stuart H. M Pogson, Mark Hastings, Astley Smith, Pete Girardello, Marco Moilanen, Atte |
description | The wind energy sector is steadily growing, and the number of wind turbines is expected to expand across large areas of the globe in the near future. While the development of wind energy can contribute to mitigating climate change, it also poses challenges to wildlife, particularly birds, due to increased collision risk with wind turbines. Here we quantify and map potential conflicts between the potential for wind energy development and the distribution of terrestrial soaring birds. We explore the relationship between species traits (including body mass, migration ecology and extinction risk) and exposure to potential wind energy development, and identified areas of potential conflict between wind power production and soaring bird conservation. We considered the full range of each species, as well as separately analyzing the breeding, non-breeding and passage ranges for migratory species. We show that exposure to potential wind energy development is similar for soaring and non-soaring bird species. Within different parts of the range of soaring bird species, passage distributions have significantly higher potential for wind energy development than the full, breeding or non-breeding ranges. Moreover, exposure to potential wind energy development was higher within the ranges of heavier soaring bird species and those that are migratory. We show that areas of conflict between soaring bird conservation and potential wind energy development could be very large, particularly when the passage ranges of soaring bird species are considered. Such areas of potential conflict are largely unprotected. This highlights a risk for soaring birds from potential wind energy development wherever it is not carefully sited in order to minimise environmental impacts. |
doi_str_mv | 10.51812/of.133925 |
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M ; Pogson, Mark ; Hastings, Astley ; Smith, Pete ; Girardello, Marco ; Moilanen, Atte</creator><creatorcontrib>Santangeli, Andrea ; Butchart, Stuart H. M ; Pogson, Mark ; Hastings, Astley ; Smith, Pete ; Girardello, Marco ; Moilanen, Atte</creatorcontrib><description>The wind energy sector is steadily growing, and the number of wind turbines is expected to expand across large areas of the globe in the near future. While the development of wind energy can contribute to mitigating climate change, it also poses challenges to wildlife, particularly birds, due to increased collision risk with wind turbines. Here we quantify and map potential conflicts between the potential for wind energy development and the distribution of terrestrial soaring birds. We explore the relationship between species traits (including body mass, migration ecology and extinction risk) and exposure to potential wind energy development, and identified areas of potential conflict between wind power production and soaring bird conservation. We considered the full range of each species, as well as separately analyzing the breeding, non-breeding and passage ranges for migratory species. We show that exposure to potential wind energy development is similar for soaring and non-soaring bird species. Within different parts of the range of soaring bird species, passage distributions have significantly higher potential for wind energy development than the full, breeding or non-breeding ranges. Moreover, exposure to potential wind energy development was higher within the ranges of heavier soaring bird species and those that are migratory. We show that areas of conflict between soaring bird conservation and potential wind energy development could be very large, particularly when the passage ranges of soaring bird species are considered. Such areas of potential conflict are largely unprotected. This highlights a risk for soaring birds from potential wind energy development wherever it is not carefully sited in order to minimise environmental impacts.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0030-5685</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.51812/of.133925</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Helsinki: BirdLife Finland</publisher><subject>Alternative energy sources ; Animal breeding ; Biodiversity ; Bird communities ; Bird migration ; Birds ; Body mass ; Breeding ; Climate change ; Climate change mitigation ; Collision mortality ; Conflicts ; Conservation ; Energy ; Energy conservation ; Energy distribution ; Environmental impact ; Environmental risk ; Exposure ; Migratory species ; Ornithological research ; Risk ; Soaring ; Species extinction ; Terrestrial environments ; Turbine engines ; Turbines ; Wildlife ; Wildlife conservation ; Wind power ; Wind power generation ; Wind power plants ; Wind turbines</subject><ispartof>Ornis fennica, 2018-01, Vol.95 (1), p.1-14</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2018 BirdLife Finland</rights><rights>Copyright BirdLife Suomi 2018</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c362t-951836dd1e5291047aedee0179e2378dcd2a6a7ecba808bc8dd24750c44c49023</citedby></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,27924,27925</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Santangeli, Andrea</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Butchart, Stuart H. 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We explore the relationship between species traits (including body mass, migration ecology and extinction risk) and exposure to potential wind energy development, and identified areas of potential conflict between wind power production and soaring bird conservation. We considered the full range of each species, as well as separately analyzing the breeding, non-breeding and passage ranges for migratory species. We show that exposure to potential wind energy development is similar for soaring and non-soaring bird species. Within different parts of the range of soaring bird species, passage distributions have significantly higher potential for wind energy development than the full, breeding or non-breeding ranges. Moreover, exposure to potential wind energy development was higher within the ranges of heavier soaring bird species and those that are migratory. We show that areas of conflict between soaring bird conservation and potential wind energy development could be very large, particularly when the passage ranges of soaring bird species are considered. Such areas of potential conflict are largely unprotected. This highlights a risk for soaring birds from potential wind energy development wherever it is not carefully sited in order to minimise environmental impacts.</description><subject>Alternative energy sources</subject><subject>Animal breeding</subject><subject>Biodiversity</subject><subject>Bird communities</subject><subject>Bird migration</subject><subject>Birds</subject><subject>Body mass</subject><subject>Breeding</subject><subject>Climate change</subject><subject>Climate change mitigation</subject><subject>Collision mortality</subject><subject>Conflicts</subject><subject>Conservation</subject><subject>Energy</subject><subject>Energy conservation</subject><subject>Energy distribution</subject><subject>Environmental impact</subject><subject>Environmental risk</subject><subject>Exposure</subject><subject>Migratory species</subject><subject>Ornithological research</subject><subject>Risk</subject><subject>Soaring</subject><subject>Species extinction</subject><subject>Terrestrial environments</subject><subject>Turbine engines</subject><subject>Turbines</subject><subject>Wildlife</subject><subject>Wildlife conservation</subject><subject>Wind power</subject><subject>Wind power generation</subject><subject>Wind power plants</subject><subject>Wind turbines</subject><issn>0030-5685</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2018</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><sourceid>GNUQQ</sourceid><recordid>eNptkU1LAzEQhnNQsNRe_AUBb0JrPja72WMpfkHFi548hGwyu6ZskzVJ0f57t1YQwZnDDMPzzrwwCF1QshBUUnYd2gXlvGbiBE0I4WQuSinO0CylDRmjqCkVdIJeH_UwON_h_Aa460OjezyEDD67sYPPIaRdBBxanIKOB7Bx0SacA84QI6QcD-CH8xaDh9jtDyLtkwv-HJ22uk8w-6lT9HJ787y6n6-f7h5Wy_Xc8JLleT0a5qW1FASrKSkqDRaA0KoGxitpjWW61BWYRksiGyOtZUUliCkKU9SE8Sm6PO4dYnjfjZbUJuyiH08qRkpZcC44-aU63YNyvg05arN1yail4KKksibFSC3-oca0sHUmeGjdOP8juDoKTAwpRWjVEN1Wx72iRH2_QoVWHV_BvwChxHyw</recordid><startdate>20180101</startdate><enddate>20180101</enddate><creator>Santangeli, Andrea</creator><creator>Butchart, Stuart H. 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M</au><au>Pogson, Mark</au><au>Hastings, Astley</au><au>Smith, Pete</au><au>Girardello, Marco</au><au>Moilanen, Atte</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Mapping the global potential exposure of soaring birds to terrestrial wind energy expansion</atitle><jtitle>Ornis fennica</jtitle><date>2018-01-01</date><risdate>2018</risdate><volume>95</volume><issue>1</issue><spage>1</spage><epage>14</epage><pages>1-14</pages><issn>0030-5685</issn><abstract>The wind energy sector is steadily growing, and the number of wind turbines is expected to expand across large areas of the globe in the near future. While the development of wind energy can contribute to mitigating climate change, it also poses challenges to wildlife, particularly birds, due to increased collision risk with wind turbines. Here we quantify and map potential conflicts between the potential for wind energy development and the distribution of terrestrial soaring birds. We explore the relationship between species traits (including body mass, migration ecology and extinction risk) and exposure to potential wind energy development, and identified areas of potential conflict between wind power production and soaring bird conservation. We considered the full range of each species, as well as separately analyzing the breeding, non-breeding and passage ranges for migratory species. We show that exposure to potential wind energy development is similar for soaring and non-soaring bird species. Within different parts of the range of soaring bird species, passage distributions have significantly higher potential for wind energy development than the full, breeding or non-breeding ranges. Moreover, exposure to potential wind energy development was higher within the ranges of heavier soaring bird species and those that are migratory. We show that areas of conflict between soaring bird conservation and potential wind energy development could be very large, particularly when the passage ranges of soaring bird species are considered. Such areas of potential conflict are largely unprotected. This highlights a risk for soaring birds from potential wind energy development wherever it is not carefully sited in order to minimise environmental impacts.</abstract><cop>Helsinki</cop><pub>BirdLife Finland</pub><doi>10.51812/of.133925</doi><tpages>14</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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subjects | Alternative energy sources Animal breeding Biodiversity Bird communities Bird migration Birds Body mass Breeding Climate change Climate change mitigation Collision mortality Conflicts Conservation Energy Energy conservation Energy distribution Environmental impact Environmental risk Exposure Migratory species Ornithological research Risk Soaring Species extinction Terrestrial environments Turbine engines Turbines Wildlife Wildlife conservation Wind power Wind power generation Wind power plants Wind turbines |
title | Mapping the global potential exposure of soaring birds to terrestrial wind energy expansion |
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