Root growth and root system architecture of field-grown maize in response to high planting density
Aims This paper aims to investigate the adaptation of maize root system architecture (RSA) in response to increasing planting densities. Methods A three-year field study was conducted with three planting densities (40,000, 70,000, and 90,000 plants per ha, which are abbreviated as D40000, D70000 and...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Plant and soil 2018-09, Vol.430 (1/2), p.395-411 |
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| creator | Shao, Hui Xia, Tingting Wu, Dali Chen, Fanjun Mi, Guohua |
| description | Aims
This paper aims to investigate the adaptation of maize root system architecture (RSA) in response to increasing planting densities.
Methods
A three-year field study was conducted with three planting densities (40,000, 70,000, and 90,000 plants per ha, which are abbreviated as D40000, D70000 and D90000, respectively). The dynamic change of root morphological traits and the 3-dimensional RSA were quantified.
Results
The grain yield per ha increased with increasing plant density from D40000 to D70000, and then decreased at D90000. Compared to D70000, high planting density of D90000 did not changed the total root biomass per ha but increased shoot biomass per ha by 4 to 8% in two of the three experimental years. Grain yield per plant and plant NPK concentration decreased with increasing planting density. Total accumulation of P and K per ha also decreased at D90000 compared to D70000. Root to shoot ratio was reduced at high planting density beginning 50 days after emergence. Compared to the control (D70000), total root length (TRL) per plant was reduced by 18 to 30% at D90000 and increased by 43 to 56% at D40000, root biomass per plant was reduced by 23 to 34% at D90000 and increased by 66 to 75% at D40000. High plant density reduced the number of nodal roots, lateral root density (LRD) and the average lateral root (LR) length, but with less effect on the length of axial roots. The RSA is characteristic of “intra-row contraction and inter-row extension”. Vertically, root growth in top soil layer (0- to 36- cm) was enhanced under supra-optimal plant density, but had a negligible effect in deep soil layers (36- to 60- cm).
Conclusions
To adapt to the limited photosynthesis capacity in the roots under high planting density, maize plants tend to reduce nodal root number and inhibit lateral root growth. They maintain nodal root length to explore a larger soil space, and adjust root growth in the intra-row and inter-row direction to avoid root-to-root competition. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1007/s11104-018-3720-8 |
| format | Article |
| fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>gale_proqu</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_proquest_journals_2063999337</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><galeid>A549765604</galeid><jstor_id>48725560</jstor_id><sourcerecordid>A549765604</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c443t-4c2ce6f615224d4046bf6a180c09e4f684d5f9160e165c735dd531e4449bb2133</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNp9kE-LFDEQxYMoOK77AfYgBDxnrfzt7uOy6CosCKKwt5BJV3oyzCRjkkHGT7_dtOhN6lBU8X71ikfIDYdbDtB9qJxzUAx4z2QngPUvyIbrTjIN0rwkGwApGHTD02vyptY9LDM3G7L9lnOjU8m_2o66NNKyzPVSGx6pK34XG_p2LkhzoCHiYWSLONGji7-RxkQL1lNOFWnLdBenHT0dXGoxTXTEVGO7vCWvgjtUvP7Tr8iPTx-_339mj18fvtzfPTKvlGxMeeHRBMO1EGpUoMw2GMd78DCgCqZXow4DN4DcaN9JPY5aclRKDdut4FJekffr3VPJP89Ym93nc0mzpRVg5DAMUnaz6nZVTe6ANqaQW3F-rhGP0eeEIc77O62GzmgDagb4CviSay0Y7KnEoysXy8Eu2ds1eztnb5fsbT8zYmXqrE0Tln-v_A96t0L72nL566L6Tuj5E_kM6_6QGQ</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Aggregation Database</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>2063999337</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Root growth and root system architecture of field-grown maize in response to high planting density</title><source>JSTOR Archive Collection A-Z Listing</source><source>SpringerLink Journals - AutoHoldings</source><creator>Shao, Hui ; Xia, Tingting ; Wu, Dali ; Chen, Fanjun ; Mi, Guohua</creator><creatorcontrib>Shao, Hui ; Xia, Tingting ; Wu, Dali ; Chen, Fanjun ; Mi, Guohua</creatorcontrib><description>Aims
This paper aims to investigate the adaptation of maize root system architecture (RSA) in response to increasing planting densities.
Methods
A three-year field study was conducted with three planting densities (40,000, 70,000, and 90,000 plants per ha, which are abbreviated as D40000, D70000 and D90000, respectively). The dynamic change of root morphological traits and the 3-dimensional RSA were quantified.
Results
The grain yield per ha increased with increasing plant density from D40000 to D70000, and then decreased at D90000. Compared to D70000, high planting density of D90000 did not changed the total root biomass per ha but increased shoot biomass per ha by 4 to 8% in two of the three experimental years. Grain yield per plant and plant NPK concentration decreased with increasing planting density. Total accumulation of P and K per ha also decreased at D90000 compared to D70000. Root to shoot ratio was reduced at high planting density beginning 50 days after emergence. Compared to the control (D70000), total root length (TRL) per plant was reduced by 18 to 30% at D90000 and increased by 43 to 56% at D40000, root biomass per plant was reduced by 23 to 34% at D90000 and increased by 66 to 75% at D40000. High plant density reduced the number of nodal roots, lateral root density (LRD) and the average lateral root (LR) length, but with less effect on the length of axial roots. The RSA is characteristic of “intra-row contraction and inter-row extension”. Vertically, root growth in top soil layer (0- to 36- cm) was enhanced under supra-optimal plant density, but had a negligible effect in deep soil layers (36- to 60- cm).
Conclusions
To adapt to the limited photosynthesis capacity in the roots under high planting density, maize plants tend to reduce nodal root number and inhibit lateral root growth. They maintain nodal root length to explore a larger soil space, and adjust root growth in the intra-row and inter-row direction to avoid root-to-root competition.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0032-079X</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1573-5036</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1007/s11104-018-3720-8</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Cham: Springer Science + Business Media</publisher><subject>Biomass ; Biomedical and Life Sciences ; Contraction ; Corn ; Crop yield ; Crop yields ; Ecology ; Evaluation ; Grain ; Growth ; Herbivores ; Life Sciences ; Photosynthesis ; Physiological aspects ; Plant growth ; Plant Physiology ; Plant Sciences ; Planting ; Planting density ; REGULAR ARTICLE ; Roots ; Soil layers ; Soil Science & Conservation</subject><ispartof>Plant and soil, 2018-09, Vol.430 (1/2), p.395-411</ispartof><rights>Springer International Publishing AG, part of Springer Nature 2018</rights><rights>COPYRIGHT 2018 Springer</rights><rights>Plant and Soil is a copyright of Springer, (2018). All Rights Reserved.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c443t-4c2ce6f615224d4046bf6a180c09e4f684d5f9160e165c735dd531e4449bb2133</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c443t-4c2ce6f615224d4046bf6a180c09e4f684d5f9160e165c735dd531e4449bb2133</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.jstor.org/stable/pdf/48725560$$EPDF$$P50$$Gjstor$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.jstor.org/stable/48725560$$EHTML$$P50$$Gjstor$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,803,27923,27924,41487,42556,51318,58016,58249</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Shao, Hui</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Xia, Tingting</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wu, Dali</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chen, Fanjun</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mi, Guohua</creatorcontrib><title>Root growth and root system architecture of field-grown maize in response to high planting density</title><title>Plant and soil</title><addtitle>Plant Soil</addtitle><description>Aims
This paper aims to investigate the adaptation of maize root system architecture (RSA) in response to increasing planting densities.
Methods
A three-year field study was conducted with three planting densities (40,000, 70,000, and 90,000 plants per ha, which are abbreviated as D40000, D70000 and D90000, respectively). The dynamic change of root morphological traits and the 3-dimensional RSA were quantified.
Results
The grain yield per ha increased with increasing plant density from D40000 to D70000, and then decreased at D90000. Compared to D70000, high planting density of D90000 did not changed the total root biomass per ha but increased shoot biomass per ha by 4 to 8% in two of the three experimental years. Grain yield per plant and plant NPK concentration decreased with increasing planting density. Total accumulation of P and K per ha also decreased at D90000 compared to D70000. Root to shoot ratio was reduced at high planting density beginning 50 days after emergence. Compared to the control (D70000), total root length (TRL) per plant was reduced by 18 to 30% at D90000 and increased by 43 to 56% at D40000, root biomass per plant was reduced by 23 to 34% at D90000 and increased by 66 to 75% at D40000. High plant density reduced the number of nodal roots, lateral root density (LRD) and the average lateral root (LR) length, but with less effect on the length of axial roots. The RSA is characteristic of “intra-row contraction and inter-row extension”. Vertically, root growth in top soil layer (0- to 36- cm) was enhanced under supra-optimal plant density, but had a negligible effect in deep soil layers (36- to 60- cm).
Conclusions
To adapt to the limited photosynthesis capacity in the roots under high planting density, maize plants tend to reduce nodal root number and inhibit lateral root growth. They maintain nodal root length to explore a larger soil space, and adjust root growth in the intra-row and inter-row direction to avoid root-to-root competition.</description><subject>Biomass</subject><subject>Biomedical and Life Sciences</subject><subject>Contraction</subject><subject>Corn</subject><subject>Crop yield</subject><subject>Crop yields</subject><subject>Ecology</subject><subject>Evaluation</subject><subject>Grain</subject><subject>Growth</subject><subject>Herbivores</subject><subject>Life Sciences</subject><subject>Photosynthesis</subject><subject>Physiological aspects</subject><subject>Plant growth</subject><subject>Plant Physiology</subject><subject>Plant Sciences</subject><subject>Planting</subject><subject>Planting density</subject><subject>REGULAR ARTICLE</subject><subject>Roots</subject><subject>Soil layers</subject><subject>Soil Science & Conservation</subject><issn>0032-079X</issn><issn>1573-5036</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2018</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><sourceid>GNUQQ</sourceid><recordid>eNp9kE-LFDEQxYMoOK77AfYgBDxnrfzt7uOy6CosCKKwt5BJV3oyzCRjkkHGT7_dtOhN6lBU8X71ikfIDYdbDtB9qJxzUAx4z2QngPUvyIbrTjIN0rwkGwApGHTD02vyptY9LDM3G7L9lnOjU8m_2o66NNKyzPVSGx6pK34XG_p2LkhzoCHiYWSLONGji7-RxkQL1lNOFWnLdBenHT0dXGoxTXTEVGO7vCWvgjtUvP7Tr8iPTx-_339mj18fvtzfPTKvlGxMeeHRBMO1EGpUoMw2GMd78DCgCqZXow4DN4DcaN9JPY5aclRKDdut4FJekffr3VPJP89Ym93nc0mzpRVg5DAMUnaz6nZVTe6ANqaQW3F-rhGP0eeEIc77O62GzmgDagb4CviSay0Y7KnEoysXy8Eu2ds1eztnb5fsbT8zYmXqrE0Tln-v_A96t0L72nL566L6Tuj5E_kM6_6QGQ</recordid><startdate>20180901</startdate><enddate>20180901</enddate><creator>Shao, Hui</creator><creator>Xia, Tingting</creator><creator>Wu, Dali</creator><creator>Chen, Fanjun</creator><creator>Mi, Guohua</creator><general>Springer Science + Business Media</general><general>Springer International Publishing</general><general>Springer</general><general>Springer Nature B.V</general><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7SN</scope><scope>7ST</scope><scope>7T7</scope><scope>7X2</scope><scope>88A</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FH</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AEUYN</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>ATCPS</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BBNVY</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>LK8</scope><scope>M0K</scope><scope>M7P</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>RC3</scope><scope>SOI</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20180901</creationdate><title>Root growth and root system architecture of field-grown maize in response to high planting density</title><author>Shao, Hui ; Xia, Tingting ; Wu, Dali ; Chen, Fanjun ; Mi, Guohua</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c443t-4c2ce6f615224d4046bf6a180c09e4f684d5f9160e165c735dd531e4449bb2133</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2018</creationdate><topic>Biomass</topic><topic>Biomedical and Life Sciences</topic><topic>Contraction</topic><topic>Corn</topic><topic>Crop yield</topic><topic>Crop yields</topic><topic>Ecology</topic><topic>Evaluation</topic><topic>Grain</topic><topic>Growth</topic><topic>Herbivores</topic><topic>Life Sciences</topic><topic>Photosynthesis</topic><topic>Physiological aspects</topic><topic>Plant growth</topic><topic>Plant Physiology</topic><topic>Plant Sciences</topic><topic>Planting</topic><topic>Planting density</topic><topic>REGULAR ARTICLE</topic><topic>Roots</topic><topic>Soil layers</topic><topic>Soil Science & Conservation</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Shao, Hui</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Xia, Tingting</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wu, Dali</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chen, Fanjun</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mi, Guohua</creatorcontrib><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Ecology Abstracts</collection><collection>Environment Abstracts</collection><collection>Industrial and Applied Microbiology Abstracts (Microbiology A)</collection><collection>Agricultural Science Collection</collection><collection>Biology Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>ProQuest SciTech Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Sustainability</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>Agricultural & Environmental Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>Biological Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Student</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Biological Science Collection</collection><collection>Agricultural Science Database</collection><collection>Biological Science Database</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>Genetics Abstracts</collection><collection>Environment Abstracts</collection><jtitle>Plant and soil</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Shao, Hui</au><au>Xia, Tingting</au><au>Wu, Dali</au><au>Chen, Fanjun</au><au>Mi, Guohua</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Root growth and root system architecture of field-grown maize in response to high planting density</atitle><jtitle>Plant and soil</jtitle><stitle>Plant Soil</stitle><date>2018-09-01</date><risdate>2018</risdate><volume>430</volume><issue>1/2</issue><spage>395</spage><epage>411</epage><pages>395-411</pages><issn>0032-079X</issn><eissn>1573-5036</eissn><abstract>Aims
This paper aims to investigate the adaptation of maize root system architecture (RSA) in response to increasing planting densities.
Methods
A three-year field study was conducted with three planting densities (40,000, 70,000, and 90,000 plants per ha, which are abbreviated as D40000, D70000 and D90000, respectively). The dynamic change of root morphological traits and the 3-dimensional RSA were quantified.
Results
The grain yield per ha increased with increasing plant density from D40000 to D70000, and then decreased at D90000. Compared to D70000, high planting density of D90000 did not changed the total root biomass per ha but increased shoot biomass per ha by 4 to 8% in two of the three experimental years. Grain yield per plant and plant NPK concentration decreased with increasing planting density. Total accumulation of P and K per ha also decreased at D90000 compared to D70000. Root to shoot ratio was reduced at high planting density beginning 50 days after emergence. Compared to the control (D70000), total root length (TRL) per plant was reduced by 18 to 30% at D90000 and increased by 43 to 56% at D40000, root biomass per plant was reduced by 23 to 34% at D90000 and increased by 66 to 75% at D40000. High plant density reduced the number of nodal roots, lateral root density (LRD) and the average lateral root (LR) length, but with less effect on the length of axial roots. The RSA is characteristic of “intra-row contraction and inter-row extension”. Vertically, root growth in top soil layer (0- to 36- cm) was enhanced under supra-optimal plant density, but had a negligible effect in deep soil layers (36- to 60- cm).
Conclusions
To adapt to the limited photosynthesis capacity in the roots under high planting density, maize plants tend to reduce nodal root number and inhibit lateral root growth. They maintain nodal root length to explore a larger soil space, and adjust root growth in the intra-row and inter-row direction to avoid root-to-root competition.</abstract><cop>Cham</cop><pub>Springer Science + Business Media</pub><doi>10.1007/s11104-018-3720-8</doi><tpages>17</tpages></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Biomass Biomedical and Life Sciences Contraction Corn Crop yield Crop yields Ecology Evaluation Grain Growth Herbivores Life Sciences Photosynthesis Physiological aspects Plant growth Plant Physiology Plant Sciences Planting Planting density REGULAR ARTICLE Roots Soil layers Soil Science & Conservation |
| title | Root growth and root system architecture of field-grown maize in response to high planting density |
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