Colonization across gradients of risk and reward: Nutrients and predators generate species-specific responses among aquatic insects
Predation risk and resource abundance are two primary characteristics that determine species abundances and community composition. Colonizing organisms should attempt to minimize the risk of mortality and maximize growth through selection of patches with the highest expected fitness. However, maximi...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Functional ecology 2018-06, Vol.32 (6), p.1589-1598 |
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| creator | Pintar, Matthew R. Bohenek, Jason R. Eveland, Lauren L. Resetarits, William J. |
| description | Predation risk and resource abundance are two primary characteristics that determine species abundances and community composition. Colonizing organisms should attempt to minimize the risk of mortality and maximize growth through selection of patches with the highest expected fitness. However, maximizing fitness across multiple gradients of patch quality involves accurate cue assessment, integration and behavioural responses that consider multiple factors that affect fitness simultaneously.
Our goal was to simultaneously and factorially assess the effects of predation risk and resource abundance among an assemblage of aquatic insects to determine the relative importance of each factor, and whether the two factors interact to affect colonization, oviposition and community assembly.
We conducted a field mesocosm experiment in which we crossed predator density (0, 1, 2 fish, Fundulus chrysotus) with supplemental nutrient abundance (0, 4, 8 g rabbit chow) in a 3 × 3 factorial design. We then assayed colonization by natural populations of aquatic beetles and oviposition by natural populations of Culex mosquitoes.
We observed species‐specific responses, with many species avoiding fish and some selecting habitats with more nutrients. Nutrients and predator presence only interactively affected oviposition by Culex mosquitoes, and the effect of fish presence exceeded that of nutrients in all but one analysis.
Our results illustrate the primacy of predation risk in generating colonization patterns and structuring communities in aquatic habitats, but that colonization responses to variation in multiple components of patch quality are often species‐specific. Simultaneous assessments of multiple aspects of patch quality allow for the determination of potential interactions among cue sources and the relative importance of various patch characteristics to colonizers.
A plain language summary is available for this article.
Plain Language Summary |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1111/1365-2435.13086 |
| format | Article |
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Our goal was to simultaneously and factorially assess the effects of predation risk and resource abundance among an assemblage of aquatic insects to determine the relative importance of each factor, and whether the two factors interact to affect colonization, oviposition and community assembly.
We conducted a field mesocosm experiment in which we crossed predator density (0, 1, 2 fish, Fundulus chrysotus) with supplemental nutrient abundance (0, 4, 8 g rabbit chow) in a 3 × 3 factorial design. We then assayed colonization by natural populations of aquatic beetles and oviposition by natural populations of Culex mosquitoes.
We observed species‐specific responses, with many species avoiding fish and some selecting habitats with more nutrients. Nutrients and predator presence only interactively affected oviposition by Culex mosquitoes, and the effect of fish presence exceeded that of nutrients in all but one analysis.
Our results illustrate the primacy of predation risk in generating colonization patterns and structuring communities in aquatic habitats, but that colonization responses to variation in multiple components of patch quality are often species‐specific. Simultaneous assessments of multiple aspects of patch quality allow for the determination of potential interactions among cue sources and the relative importance of various patch characteristics to colonizers.
A plain language summary is available for this article.
Plain Language Summary</description><identifier>ISSN: 0269-8463</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1365-2435</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1111/1365-2435.13086</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>London: Wiley</publisher><subject>Abundance ; Aquatic habitats ; Aquatic insects ; Aquatic populations ; Beetles ; Colonization ; Communities ; community assembly ; Community composition ; COMMUNITY ECOLOGY ; Culex ; Culicidae ; Dytiscidae ; Factorial design ; Fish ; Fitness ; Habitat selection ; Hydrophilidae ; Insects ; Mortality risk ; Mosquitoes ; Natural populations ; Nutrients ; Oviposition ; Populations ; Predation ; predation risk ; Predators ; Quality assessment ; Reinforcement ; Risk reduction ; Species</subject><ispartof>Functional ecology, 2018-06, Vol.32 (6), p.1589-1598</ispartof><rights>2018 The Authors. © 2018 British Ecological Society</rights><rights>2018 The Authors. Functional Ecology © 2018 British Ecological Society</rights><rights>Functional Ecology © 2018 British Ecological Society</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c3786-7783d165135454c6757811325608d37f444bcfd6a7aeadd48a669954d504201f3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c3786-7783d165135454c6757811325608d37f444bcfd6a7aeadd48a669954d504201f3</cites><orcidid>0000-0001-9171-302X ; 0000-0003-0165-3882 ; 0000-0002-0197-1082</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.jstor.org/stable/pdf/48582816$$EPDF$$P50$$Gjstor$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.jstor.org/stable/48582816$$EHTML$$P50$$Gjstor$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,777,781,800,1412,1428,27905,27906,45555,45556,46390,46814,57998,58231</link.rule.ids></links><search><contributor>Seymour, Colleen</contributor><creatorcontrib>Pintar, Matthew R.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bohenek, Jason R.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Eveland, Lauren L.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Resetarits, William J.</creatorcontrib><title>Colonization across gradients of risk and reward: Nutrients and predators generate species-specific responses among aquatic insects</title><title>Functional ecology</title><description>Predation risk and resource abundance are two primary characteristics that determine species abundances and community composition. Colonizing organisms should attempt to minimize the risk of mortality and maximize growth through selection of patches with the highest expected fitness. However, maximizing fitness across multiple gradients of patch quality involves accurate cue assessment, integration and behavioural responses that consider multiple factors that affect fitness simultaneously.
Our goal was to simultaneously and factorially assess the effects of predation risk and resource abundance among an assemblage of aquatic insects to determine the relative importance of each factor, and whether the two factors interact to affect colonization, oviposition and community assembly.
We conducted a field mesocosm experiment in which we crossed predator density (0, 1, 2 fish, Fundulus chrysotus) with supplemental nutrient abundance (0, 4, 8 g rabbit chow) in a 3 × 3 factorial design. We then assayed colonization by natural populations of aquatic beetles and oviposition by natural populations of Culex mosquitoes.
We observed species‐specific responses, with many species avoiding fish and some selecting habitats with more nutrients. Nutrients and predator presence only interactively affected oviposition by Culex mosquitoes, and the effect of fish presence exceeded that of nutrients in all but one analysis.
Our results illustrate the primacy of predation risk in generating colonization patterns and structuring communities in aquatic habitats, but that colonization responses to variation in multiple components of patch quality are often species‐specific. Simultaneous assessments of multiple aspects of patch quality allow for the determination of potential interactions among cue sources and the relative importance of various patch characteristics to colonizers.
A plain language summary is available for this article.
Plain Language Summary</description><subject>Abundance</subject><subject>Aquatic habitats</subject><subject>Aquatic insects</subject><subject>Aquatic populations</subject><subject>Beetles</subject><subject>Colonization</subject><subject>Communities</subject><subject>community assembly</subject><subject>Community composition</subject><subject>COMMUNITY ECOLOGY</subject><subject>Culex</subject><subject>Culicidae</subject><subject>Dytiscidae</subject><subject>Factorial design</subject><subject>Fish</subject><subject>Fitness</subject><subject>Habitat selection</subject><subject>Hydrophilidae</subject><subject>Insects</subject><subject>Mortality risk</subject><subject>Mosquitoes</subject><subject>Natural populations</subject><subject>Nutrients</subject><subject>Oviposition</subject><subject>Populations</subject><subject>Predation</subject><subject>predation risk</subject><subject>Predators</subject><subject>Quality assessment</subject><subject>Reinforcement</subject><subject>Risk reduction</subject><subject>Species</subject><issn>0269-8463</issn><issn>1365-2435</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2018</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNqFkEtLAzEQgIMoWKtnT8KC523zmEmyR1naKhS86DnETVa21k1NtpT66912tVfnMjDMN4-PkFtGJ6yPKRMScw4CJ0xQLc_I6FQ5JyPKZZFrkOKSXKW0opQWyPmI0DKsQ9t8264JbWarGFLK3qN1jW-7lIU6i036yGzrsuh3NrprclHbdfI3v3lMXuezl_IxXz4vnsqHZV4JpWWulBaOSWQCAaGSCpVmTHCUVDuhagB4q2onrbLeOgfaSlkUCA4pcMpqMSb3w9xNDF9bnzqzCtvY9isNpyhBgOhfG5Pp0HU8PPrabGLzaePeMGoOWsxBgjlIMEctPYEDsWvWfv9fu5nPyj_ubuBWqQvxxIFGzTWT4gf3lGrR</recordid><startdate>20180601</startdate><enddate>20180601</enddate><creator>Pintar, Matthew R.</creator><creator>Bohenek, Jason R.</creator><creator>Eveland, Lauren L.</creator><creator>Resetarits, William J.</creator><general>Wiley</general><general>Wiley Subscription Services, Inc</general><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7QG</scope><scope>7SN</scope><scope>7SS</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>RC3</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9171-302X</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0165-3882</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0197-1082</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20180601</creationdate><title>Colonization across gradients of risk and reward</title><author>Pintar, Matthew R. ; Bohenek, Jason R. ; Eveland, Lauren L. ; Resetarits, William J.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c3786-7783d165135454c6757811325608d37f444bcfd6a7aeadd48a669954d504201f3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2018</creationdate><topic>Abundance</topic><topic>Aquatic habitats</topic><topic>Aquatic insects</topic><topic>Aquatic populations</topic><topic>Beetles</topic><topic>Colonization</topic><topic>Communities</topic><topic>community assembly</topic><topic>Community composition</topic><topic>COMMUNITY ECOLOGY</topic><topic>Culex</topic><topic>Culicidae</topic><topic>Dytiscidae</topic><topic>Factorial design</topic><topic>Fish</topic><topic>Fitness</topic><topic>Habitat selection</topic><topic>Hydrophilidae</topic><topic>Insects</topic><topic>Mortality risk</topic><topic>Mosquitoes</topic><topic>Natural populations</topic><topic>Nutrients</topic><topic>Oviposition</topic><topic>Populations</topic><topic>Predation</topic><topic>predation risk</topic><topic>Predators</topic><topic>Quality assessment</topic><topic>Reinforcement</topic><topic>Risk reduction</topic><topic>Species</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Pintar, Matthew R.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bohenek, Jason R.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Eveland, Lauren L.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Resetarits, William J.</creatorcontrib><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Animal Behavior Abstracts</collection><collection>Ecology Abstracts</collection><collection>Entomology Abstracts (Full archive)</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Genetics Abstracts</collection><jtitle>Functional ecology</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Pintar, Matthew R.</au><au>Bohenek, Jason R.</au><au>Eveland, Lauren L.</au><au>Resetarits, William J.</au><au>Seymour, Colleen</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Colonization across gradients of risk and reward: Nutrients and predators generate species-specific responses among aquatic insects</atitle><jtitle>Functional ecology</jtitle><date>2018-06-01</date><risdate>2018</risdate><volume>32</volume><issue>6</issue><spage>1589</spage><epage>1598</epage><pages>1589-1598</pages><issn>0269-8463</issn><eissn>1365-2435</eissn><abstract>Predation risk and resource abundance are two primary characteristics that determine species abundances and community composition. Colonizing organisms should attempt to minimize the risk of mortality and maximize growth through selection of patches with the highest expected fitness. However, maximizing fitness across multiple gradients of patch quality involves accurate cue assessment, integration and behavioural responses that consider multiple factors that affect fitness simultaneously.
Our goal was to simultaneously and factorially assess the effects of predation risk and resource abundance among an assemblage of aquatic insects to determine the relative importance of each factor, and whether the two factors interact to affect colonization, oviposition and community assembly.
We conducted a field mesocosm experiment in which we crossed predator density (0, 1, 2 fish, Fundulus chrysotus) with supplemental nutrient abundance (0, 4, 8 g rabbit chow) in a 3 × 3 factorial design. We then assayed colonization by natural populations of aquatic beetles and oviposition by natural populations of Culex mosquitoes.
We observed species‐specific responses, with many species avoiding fish and some selecting habitats with more nutrients. Nutrients and predator presence only interactively affected oviposition by Culex mosquitoes, and the effect of fish presence exceeded that of nutrients in all but one analysis.
Our results illustrate the primacy of predation risk in generating colonization patterns and structuring communities in aquatic habitats, but that colonization responses to variation in multiple components of patch quality are often species‐specific. Simultaneous assessments of multiple aspects of patch quality allow for the determination of potential interactions among cue sources and the relative importance of various patch characteristics to colonizers.
A plain language summary is available for this article.
Plain Language Summary</abstract><cop>London</cop><pub>Wiley</pub><doi>10.1111/1365-2435.13086</doi><tpages>10</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9171-302X</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0165-3882</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0197-1082</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | Functional ecology, 2018-06, Vol.32 (6), p.1589-1598 |
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| source | Wiley Online Library Journals Frontfile Complete; Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek - Frei zugängliche E-Journals; Jstor Complete Legacy; Wiley Free Content |
| subjects | Abundance Aquatic habitats Aquatic insects Aquatic populations Beetles Colonization Communities community assembly Community composition COMMUNITY ECOLOGY Culex Culicidae Dytiscidae Factorial design Fish Fitness Habitat selection Hydrophilidae Insects Mortality risk Mosquitoes Natural populations Nutrients Oviposition Populations Predation predation risk Predators Quality assessment Reinforcement Risk reduction Species |
| title | Colonization across gradients of risk and reward: Nutrients and predators generate species-specific responses among aquatic insects |
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