Geometrical Modeling of Scattering Environment for Highways in Umbrella Cell Based MIMO Communication Systems

In this paper, we develop a three-dimensional (3D) eccentricity-based cylindrical geometrical channel model for nonisotropic multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) communication systems under umbrella macrocellular environment. We use elliptic cylindrical geometry to model the scattering phenomenon in streets, canyons and highways. The scattering objects like, high-rise building, trees and vegetation that lie along the roadside premises are modeled by the height of an elliptical cylinder. The proposed channel model targets fast moving vehicles on the highways in an umbrella-cell of cellular communication networks. We assume that both ends of the communication link are equipped with multiple antenna arrays, where, mobile-station antenna height is lower than base-station antenna. Utilizing the proposed MIMO communication channel model, we obtain closed-form expressions for the space–time correlation function among the MIMO antenna elements. The obtained theoretical expressions are plotted and analyzed for different values of channel parameters. Finally, we compare the proposed model with the existing models in the literature and prove that our model can be deduced to the existing two-dimensional and 3D channel models.