Bite forces, canine strength and skull allometry in carnivores (Mammalia, Carnivora)
Skull variables were analysed for allometry patterns in 56 species of extant carnivores. As previously reported, many skull variables scale near isometrically with either skull length or lower jaw length. The maximal gape angle scales insignificantly (P
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Journal of zoology (1987) 2005-06, Vol.266 (2), p.133-151 |
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| container_title | Journal of zoology (1987) |
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| creator | Christiansen, Per Adolfssen, Jan S. |
| description | Skull variables were analysed for allometry patterns in 56 species of extant carnivores. As previously reported, many skull variables scale near isometrically with either skull length or lower jaw length. The maximal gape angle scales insignificantly (P |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1017/S0952836905006643 |
| format | Article |
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As previously reported, many skull variables scale near isometrically with either skull length or lower jaw length. The maximal gape angle scales insignificantly (P<0.05) with skull size, but the clearance between the canines shows a significant relationship with skull size and scales near isometrically. Maximal bite forces were estimated from geometrical cross-sectional areas of dried skulls, and the bending strength of the canines was computed by modelling the canines as a cantilevered beam of solid, homogeneous material with an elliptical cross section. Previous hypotheses of large taxon differences in canine bending strengths, so that felids have stronger canines than canids, are corroborated when actual bite forces at the upper canine are ignored. Incorporation of bite force values, however, nullifies the differences in canine bending strength among felids and canids, and ursids seem to have stronger canines than felids. This is probably because of the significantly longer canines of felids compared to canids and ursids, and the generally high bite forces of felids.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0952-8369</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1469-7998</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1017/S0952836905006643</identifier><identifier>CODEN: JOZOEU</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Oxford, UK: Cambridge University Press</publisher><subject>bite forces ; canine strength ; Carnivora ; Head ; Mammals ; skull allometry ; Zoology</subject><ispartof>Journal of zoology (1987), 2005-06, Vol.266 (2), p.133-151</ispartof><rights>2005 The Zoological Society of London</rights><rights>Copyright Cambridge University Press, Publishing Division Jun 2005</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c4663-2c96260eaa2468e3b816839271ebbc00199f1eff28c64b8b670f9507f42380313</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c4663-2c96260eaa2468e3b816839271ebbc00199f1eff28c64b8b670f9507f42380313</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1017%2FS0952836905006643$$EPDF$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1017%2FS0952836905006643$$EHTML$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,1417,27924,27925,45574,45575</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Christiansen, Per</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Adolfssen, Jan S.</creatorcontrib><title>Bite forces, canine strength and skull allometry in carnivores (Mammalia, Carnivora)</title><title>Journal of zoology (1987)</title><addtitle>J. Zoology</addtitle><description>Skull variables were analysed for allometry patterns in 56 species of extant carnivores. As previously reported, many skull variables scale near isometrically with either skull length or lower jaw length. The maximal gape angle scales insignificantly (P<0.05) with skull size, but the clearance between the canines shows a significant relationship with skull size and scales near isometrically. Maximal bite forces were estimated from geometrical cross-sectional areas of dried skulls, and the bending strength of the canines was computed by modelling the canines as a cantilevered beam of solid, homogeneous material with an elliptical cross section. Previous hypotheses of large taxon differences in canine bending strengths, so that felids have stronger canines than canids, are corroborated when actual bite forces at the upper canine are ignored. Incorporation of bite force values, however, nullifies the differences in canine bending strength among felids and canids, and ursids seem to have stronger canines than felids. This is probably because of the significantly longer canines of felids compared to canids and ursids, and the generally high bite forces of felids.</description><subject>bite forces</subject><subject>canine strength</subject><subject>Carnivora</subject><subject>Head</subject><subject>Mammals</subject><subject>skull allometry</subject><subject>Zoology</subject><issn>0952-8369</issn><issn>1469-7998</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2005</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNqFkElPwzAQhS0EEmX5AdwsTiA1MF5ix0faQtlBLELiYjnBAUMWsFOg_55EreCAEKeRZt438-YhtEFghwCRu9egYpowoSAGEIKzBdQjXKhIKpUsol43jrr5MloJ4RmAEi7jHroZuMbivPaZDX2cmcpVFofG2-qxecKmesDhZVIU2BRFXdrGT7GrWpmv3HvtbcBbZ6YsTeFMHw_nXbO9hpZyUwS7Pq-r6PZg_2Z4GJ1ejI-Ge6dRxoVgEc2UoAKsMZSLxLI0ISJhikpi0zQDIErlxOY5TTLB0yQVEnIVg8w5ZQkwwlbR5mzvq6_fJjY0-rme-Ko9qSlwUITIuBWRmSjzdQje5vrVu9L4qSagu-z0r-xaJp4xH66w0_8BfXx_QVjHRTPOhcZ-fnPGv2ghmYz13flYDwaXIzgZjfVVq2dzb6ZMvXt4tD8f_O3uC_pijWk</recordid><startdate>200506</startdate><enddate>200506</enddate><creator>Christiansen, Per</creator><creator>Adolfssen, Jan S.</creator><general>Cambridge University Press</general><general>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</general><scope>BSCLL</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7QG</scope><scope>7SN</scope><scope>7ST</scope><scope>7U9</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>F1W</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>H95</scope><scope>L.G</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>RC3</scope><scope>SOI</scope></search><sort><creationdate>200506</creationdate><title>Bite forces, canine strength and skull allometry in carnivores (Mammalia, Carnivora)</title><author>Christiansen, Per ; Adolfssen, Jan S.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c4663-2c96260eaa2468e3b816839271ebbc00199f1eff28c64b8b670f9507f42380313</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2005</creationdate><topic>bite forces</topic><topic>canine strength</topic><topic>Carnivora</topic><topic>Head</topic><topic>Mammals</topic><topic>skull allometry</topic><topic>Zoology</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Christiansen, Per</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Adolfssen, Jan S.</creatorcontrib><collection>Istex</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Animal Behavior Abstracts</collection><collection>Ecology Abstracts</collection><collection>Environment Abstracts</collection><collection>Virology and AIDS Abstracts</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>ASFA: Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Abstracts</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts</collection><collection>Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources</collection><collection>Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) Professional</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Genetics Abstracts</collection><collection>Environment Abstracts</collection><jtitle>Journal of zoology (1987)</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Christiansen, Per</au><au>Adolfssen, Jan S.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Bite forces, canine strength and skull allometry in carnivores (Mammalia, Carnivora)</atitle><jtitle>Journal of zoology (1987)</jtitle><addtitle>J. Zoology</addtitle><date>2005-06</date><risdate>2005</risdate><volume>266</volume><issue>2</issue><spage>133</spage><epage>151</epage><pages>133-151</pages><issn>0952-8369</issn><eissn>1469-7998</eissn><coden>JOZOEU</coden><abstract>Skull variables were analysed for allometry patterns in 56 species of extant carnivores. As previously reported, many skull variables scale near isometrically with either skull length or lower jaw length. The maximal gape angle scales insignificantly (P<0.05) with skull size, but the clearance between the canines shows a significant relationship with skull size and scales near isometrically. Maximal bite forces were estimated from geometrical cross-sectional areas of dried skulls, and the bending strength of the canines was computed by modelling the canines as a cantilevered beam of solid, homogeneous material with an elliptical cross section. Previous hypotheses of large taxon differences in canine bending strengths, so that felids have stronger canines than canids, are corroborated when actual bite forces at the upper canine are ignored. Incorporation of bite force values, however, nullifies the differences in canine bending strength among felids and canids, and ursids seem to have stronger canines than felids. This is probably because of the significantly longer canines of felids compared to canids and ursids, and the generally high bite forces of felids.</abstract><cop>Oxford, UK</cop><pub>Cambridge University Press</pub><doi>10.1017/S0952836905006643</doi><tpages>19</tpages></addata></record> |
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| language | eng |
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| source | Wiley Online Library All Journals |
| subjects | bite forces canine strength Carnivora Head Mammals skull allometry Zoology |
| title | Bite forces, canine strength and skull allometry in carnivores (Mammalia, Carnivora) |
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