Output sound pressure levels of personal music systems and their effect on hearing
This study looked at output levels produced by new generation personal music systems (PMS), at the level of eardrum by placing the probe microphone in the ear canal. Further, the effect of these PMS on hearing was evaluated by comparing the distortion product otoacoustic emissions and high frequency...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Noise & health 2009-07, Vol.11 (44), p.132 |
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| creator | Kumar, Ajith Mathew, Kuruvilla Alexander, Swathy Ann Kiran, Chitra |
| description | This study looked at output levels produced by new generation personal music systems (PMS), at the level of eardrum by placing the probe microphone in the ear canal. Further, the effect of these PMS on hearing was evaluated by comparing the distortion product otoacoustic emissions and high frequency pure tone thresholds (from 3 kHz to 12 kHz) of individuals who use PMS to that of age matched controls who did not use PMS. The relationship between output sound pressure levels and hearing measures was also evaluated. In Phase I output SPLs produced by the PMS were measured in three different conditions - a) at volume control setting that was preferred by the subjects in quiet b) at volume control setting that was preferred by the subject in presence of 65 dB SPL bus noise c) at maximum volume control settings of the instrument. In Phase II pure tone hearing thresholds and DPOAEs were measured. About 30% of individuals in a group of 70 young adults listened to music above the safety limits (80 dBA for 8 hours) prescribed by Ministry of Environment and Forests, India. Addition of bus noise did not increase the preferred volume control settings of the subjects significantly. There were no significant differences between the experimental and control groups for mean pure tone threshold and for mean DPOAE amplitude comparisons. However, a positive correlation between hearing thresholds and music levels and a negative correlation between DPOAE measures and music levels were found. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.4103/1463-1741.53357 |
| format | Article |
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Further, the effect of these PMS on hearing was evaluated by comparing the distortion product otoacoustic emissions and high frequency pure tone thresholds (from 3 kHz to 12 kHz) of individuals who use PMS to that of age matched controls who did not use PMS. The relationship between output sound pressure levels and hearing measures was also evaluated. In Phase I output SPLs produced by the PMS were measured in three different conditions - a) at volume control setting that was preferred by the subjects in quiet b) at volume control setting that was preferred by the subject in presence of 65 dB SPL bus noise c) at maximum volume control settings of the instrument. In Phase II pure tone hearing thresholds and DPOAEs were measured. About 30% of individuals in a group of 70 young adults listened to music above the safety limits (80 dBA for 8 hours) prescribed by Ministry of Environment and Forests, India. Addition of bus noise did not increase the preferred volume control settings of the subjects significantly. There were no significant differences between the experimental and control groups for mean pure tone threshold and for mean DPOAE amplitude comparisons. However, a positive correlation between hearing thresholds and music levels and a negative correlation between DPOAE measures and music levels were found.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1463-1741</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1998-4030</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.4103/1463-1741.53357</identifier><identifier>PMID: 19602765</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>India: Medknow Publications and Media Pvt. 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Further, the effect of these PMS on hearing was evaluated by comparing the distortion product otoacoustic emissions and high frequency pure tone thresholds (from 3 kHz to 12 kHz) of individuals who use PMS to that of age matched controls who did not use PMS. The relationship between output sound pressure levels and hearing measures was also evaluated. In Phase I output SPLs produced by the PMS were measured in three different conditions - a) at volume control setting that was preferred by the subjects in quiet b) at volume control setting that was preferred by the subject in presence of 65 dB SPL bus noise c) at maximum volume control settings of the instrument. In Phase II pure tone hearing thresholds and DPOAEs were measured. About 30% of individuals in a group of 70 young adults listened to music above the safety limits (80 dBA for 8 hours) prescribed by Ministry of Environment and Forests, India. Addition of bus noise did not increase the preferred volume control settings of the subjects significantly. There were no significant differences between the experimental and control groups for mean pure tone threshold and for mean DPOAE amplitude comparisons. However, a positive correlation between hearing thresholds and music levels and a negative correlation between DPOAE measures and music levels were found.</description><subject>Acoustic Impedance Tests</subject><subject>Adolescent</subject><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Amplifiers, Electronic - adverse effects</subject><subject>Audiometry</subject><subject>Deafness, Noise induced</subject><subject>Digital audio players</subject><subject>Digital music</subject><subject>Ears & hearing</subject><subject>Emissions</subject><subject>Environmental Exposure - adverse effects</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Headphones</subject><subject>Health aspects</subject><subject>Hearing</subject><subject>Hearing loss</subject><subject>Hearing Loss - epidemiology</subject><subject>Hearing Loss - etiology</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>India - epidemiology</subject><subject>Listening</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Noise</subject><subject>Noise - adverse effects</subject><subject>Otoacoustic Emissions, Spontaneous</subject><subject>Risk Factors</subject><subject>Sound pressure</subject><subject>Studies</subject><subject>Surveys and Questionnaires</subject><subject>Time Factors</subject><subject>Young Adult</subject><subject>Young adults</subject><issn>1463-1741</issn><issn>1998-4030</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2009</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>8G5</sourceid><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><sourceid>GNUQQ</sourceid><sourceid>GUQSH</sourceid><sourceid>M2O</sourceid><recordid>eNptkctrFTEUh4MotlbX7iQouJvbPOaRLEvxBYWC6DpkMie9KTOTMScR-t-b672iBckiIfl-h3PyEfKas13LmbzkbS8bPrR810nZDU_IOddaNS2T7Gk9_3k9Iy8Q7xljLRfiOTnjumdi6Ltz8vW25K1kirGsE90SIJYEdIafMCONnm6QMK52pkvB4Cg-YIYFqa103kNIFLwHl2lc6R5sCuvdS_LM2xnh1Wm_IN8_fvh2_bm5uf305frqpnFtz3MzdcA880r1XIEfrZJKD1pL3XMthBhb5ZS3rR477vuptu6cBSfkOGgGmmt5Qd4e624p_iiA2dzHkmqraASTgxq47Cr07gjd2RlMWH3MyboloDNXon4H05oNldr9h6prgiW4uIIP9f5R4P0_gTr4nPcY55JDXPExeHkEXYqICbzZUlhsejCcmYNCc5BkDpLMb4U18eY0VhkXmP7yJ2fyF4Mbk2I</recordid><startdate>20090701</startdate><enddate>20090701</enddate><creator>Kumar, Ajith</creator><creator>Mathew, Kuruvilla</creator><creator>Alexander, Swathy Ann</creator><creator>Kiran, Chitra</creator><general>Medknow Publications and Media Pvt. 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Alexander, Swathy Ann ; Kiran, Chitra</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c461t-d5e0f0f88618efba838979939619222b48c8fa49b51f6d004ccaec23b790e9193</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2009</creationdate><topic>Acoustic Impedance Tests</topic><topic>Adolescent</topic><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Amplifiers, Electronic - adverse effects</topic><topic>Audiometry</topic><topic>Deafness, Noise induced</topic><topic>Digital audio players</topic><topic>Digital music</topic><topic>Ears & hearing</topic><topic>Emissions</topic><topic>Environmental Exposure - adverse effects</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Headphones</topic><topic>Health aspects</topic><topic>Hearing</topic><topic>Hearing loss</topic><topic>Hearing Loss - epidemiology</topic><topic>Hearing Loss - etiology</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>India - epidemiology</topic><topic>Listening</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Noise</topic><topic>Noise - adverse effects</topic><topic>Otoacoustic Emissions, Spontaneous</topic><topic>Risk Factors</topic><topic>Sound pressure</topic><topic>Studies</topic><topic>Surveys and Questionnaires</topic><topic>Time Factors</topic><topic>Young Adult</topic><topic>Young adults</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Kumar, Ajith</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mathew, Kuruvilla</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Alexander, Swathy Ann</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kiran, Chitra</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Database</collection><collection>Health and Safety Science Abstracts (Full archive)</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Public Health Database</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Research Library (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Student</collection><collection>Research Library Prep</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database</collection><collection>Research Library</collection><collection>Research Library (Corporate)</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Premium</collection><collection>Publicly Available Content Database</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Basic</collection><jtitle>Noise & health</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Kumar, Ajith</au><au>Mathew, Kuruvilla</au><au>Alexander, Swathy Ann</au><au>Kiran, Chitra</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Output sound pressure levels of personal music systems and their effect on hearing</atitle><jtitle>Noise & health</jtitle><addtitle>Noise Health</addtitle><date>2009-07-01</date><risdate>2009</risdate><volume>11</volume><issue>44</issue><spage>132</spage><pages>132-</pages><issn>1463-1741</issn><eissn>1998-4030</eissn><abstract>This study looked at output levels produced by new generation personal music systems (PMS), at the level of eardrum by placing the probe microphone in the ear canal. Further, the effect of these PMS on hearing was evaluated by comparing the distortion product otoacoustic emissions and high frequency pure tone thresholds (from 3 kHz to 12 kHz) of individuals who use PMS to that of age matched controls who did not use PMS. The relationship between output sound pressure levels and hearing measures was also evaluated. In Phase I output SPLs produced by the PMS were measured in three different conditions - a) at volume control setting that was preferred by the subjects in quiet b) at volume control setting that was preferred by the subject in presence of 65 dB SPL bus noise c) at maximum volume control settings of the instrument. In Phase II pure tone hearing thresholds and DPOAEs were measured. About 30% of individuals in a group of 70 young adults listened to music above the safety limits (80 dBA for 8 hours) prescribed by Ministry of Environment and Forests, India. Addition of bus noise did not increase the preferred volume control settings of the subjects significantly. There were no significant differences between the experimental and control groups for mean pure tone threshold and for mean DPOAE amplitude comparisons. However, a positive correlation between hearing thresholds and music levels and a negative correlation between DPOAE measures and music levels were found.</abstract><cop>India</cop><pub>Medknow Publications and Media Pvt. Ltd</pub><pmid>19602765</pmid><doi>10.4103/1463-1741.53357</doi><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
| identifier | ISSN: 1463-1741 |
| ispartof | Noise & health, 2009-07, Vol.11 (44), p.132 |
| issn | 1463-1741 1998-4030 |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_proquest_journals_203787135 |
| source | MEDLINE; Medknow Open Access Medical Journals; DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals; EZB-FREE-00999 freely available EZB journals; Alma/SFX Local Collection |
| subjects | Acoustic Impedance Tests Adolescent Adult Amplifiers, Electronic - adverse effects Audiometry Deafness, Noise induced Digital audio players Digital music Ears & hearing Emissions Environmental Exposure - adverse effects Female Headphones Health aspects Hearing Hearing loss Hearing Loss - epidemiology Hearing Loss - etiology Humans India - epidemiology Listening Male Noise Noise - adverse effects Otoacoustic Emissions, Spontaneous Risk Factors Sound pressure Studies Surveys and Questionnaires Time Factors Young Adult Young adults |
| title | Output sound pressure levels of personal music systems and their effect on hearing |
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