0072 A Chronic Animal Model to Study the Neuromechanisms that Control Hypoglossal Motoneuron Activity during Hypoxic REM Sleep
Abstract Introduction There is significant controversy regarding the mechanisms that are responsible for the control of hypoglossal motoneurons during REM sleep in normal states and those that are operative during sleep disorders. Based on the previous data, we hypothesized that during REM sleep und...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Sleep (New York, N.Y.) N.Y.), 2018-04, Vol.41 (suppl_1), p.A29-A30 |
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| container_title | Sleep (New York, N.Y.) |
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| creator | Xi, M Fung, S J Chase, M H |
| description | Abstract
Introduction
There is significant controversy regarding the mechanisms that are responsible for the control of hypoglossal motoneurons during REM sleep in normal states and those that are operative during sleep disorders. Based on the previous data, we hypothesized that during REM sleep under hypoxic conditions, such as those that arise during obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), disfacilitation in addition to postsynaptic inhibition, are responsible for the depression of hypoglossal motoneuron activity. Accordingly, we developed an animal model of hypoxia in the chronic cat preparation to evaluate this hypothesis.
Methods
Adult cats were prepared for monitoring behavioral states and for intracellular recordings from hypoglossal motoneurons. A chronic breathing mask was placed over the animal’s nose and mouth. The oxyhemoglobin saturation level (SpO2) and heart rate were continuously monitored with a SurgiVet pulse oximeter. Hypoxia was induced by a ventilatory system that controls “on” and “off” flows of nitrogen gas and air into the mask.
Results
In chronically-instrumented, unanesthetized cats, single and recurrent periods of hypoxia of different duration, frequency of episodes and severity (e.g., 75% SpO2 level) were successfully generated and maintained during naturally-occurring behavioral states of REM sleep, NREM sleep and wakefulness. In addition, the animals, after adaptation, exhibited spontaneous periods of sleep and wakefulness under hypoxic conditions with no significant change in sleep pattern.
Conclusion
The present study demonstrates the feasibility of studying the effects of hypoxia in chronic unanesthetized cats that exhibit naturally-occurring states of sleep and wakefulness. We believe that this in vivo animal model of hypoxia, combined with intracellular recording techniques, can be utilized to study the synaptic mechanisms and neurotransmitters that control hypoglossal motoneuron activity during REM sleep under normal as well as pathological conditions, such as OSA.
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NS094062 |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1093/sleep/zsy061.071 |
| format | Article |
| fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>proquest_cross</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_proquest_journals_2036671462</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><oup_id>10.1093/sleep/zsy061.071</oup_id><sourcerecordid>2036671462</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c1471-8c68718da539044cbb53855b31d725ce0607b361d7f0dee8761b5366ebe4d1ff3</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNqFkD1PwzAQhi0EEqWwM1piRGnP-bCTMYoKRWpBojBHieO0qVI72A4iDPx23IadyTrf8_rOD0K3BGYEkmBuWiG6-bcZgJIZMHKGJiSKwEtc9xxNgFDixQSiS3RlzB5cHSbBBP0AMB-nONtpJRuOU9kcihavVSVabBXe2L4asN0J_Cx6rQ6C7wrZmINxd4XFmZJWqxYvh05tW2XMKWuVPMISp9w2n40dcNXrRm5P2Jeb8rpY481x4Wt0URetETd_5xS9PyzesqW3enl8ytKVx0nI3OKcxozEVREFCYQhL8soiKOoDEjF_IgLoMDKgLqqhkqImFHiCEpFKcKK1HUwRXfju51WH70wNt-rXks3MvfBgYyE1HcUjBTX7ita1HmnnQ495ATyo-X8ZDkfLefOsovcjxHVd__Tv-uKgR8</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Aggregation Database</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>2036671462</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>0072 A Chronic Animal Model to Study the Neuromechanisms that Control Hypoglossal Motoneuron Activity during Hypoxic REM Sleep</title><source>Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek - Frei zugängliche E-Journals</source><source>Oxford University Press Journals All Titles (1996-Current)</source><source>Alma/SFX Local Collection</source><creator>Xi, M ; Fung, S J ; Chase, M H</creator><creatorcontrib>Xi, M ; Fung, S J ; Chase, M H</creatorcontrib><description>Abstract
Introduction
There is significant controversy regarding the mechanisms that are responsible for the control of hypoglossal motoneurons during REM sleep in normal states and those that are operative during sleep disorders. Based on the previous data, we hypothesized that during REM sleep under hypoxic conditions, such as those that arise during obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), disfacilitation in addition to postsynaptic inhibition, are responsible for the depression of hypoglossal motoneuron activity. Accordingly, we developed an animal model of hypoxia in the chronic cat preparation to evaluate this hypothesis.
Methods
Adult cats were prepared for monitoring behavioral states and for intracellular recordings from hypoglossal motoneurons. A chronic breathing mask was placed over the animal’s nose and mouth. The oxyhemoglobin saturation level (SpO2) and heart rate were continuously monitored with a SurgiVet pulse oximeter. Hypoxia was induced by a ventilatory system that controls “on” and “off” flows of nitrogen gas and air into the mask.
Results
In chronically-instrumented, unanesthetized cats, single and recurrent periods of hypoxia of different duration, frequency of episodes and severity (e.g., 75% SpO2 level) were successfully generated and maintained during naturally-occurring behavioral states of REM sleep, NREM sleep and wakefulness. In addition, the animals, after adaptation, exhibited spontaneous periods of sleep and wakefulness under hypoxic conditions with no significant change in sleep pattern.
Conclusion
The present study demonstrates the feasibility of studying the effects of hypoxia in chronic unanesthetized cats that exhibit naturally-occurring states of sleep and wakefulness. We believe that this in vivo animal model of hypoxia, combined with intracellular recording techniques, can be utilized to study the synaptic mechanisms and neurotransmitters that control hypoglossal motoneuron activity during REM sleep under normal as well as pathological conditions, such as OSA.
Support (If Any)
NS094062</description><identifier>ISSN: 0161-8105</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1550-9109</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsy061.071</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>US: Oxford University Press</publisher><subject>Hypoxia ; NREM sleep ; REM sleep ; Sleep</subject><ispartof>Sleep (New York, N.Y.), 2018-04, Vol.41 (suppl_1), p.A29-A30</ispartof><rights>Sleep Research Society 2018. Published by Oxford University Press [on behalf of the Sleep Research Society]. All rights reserved. For permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oup.com 2018</rights><rights>Copyright © 2018 Sleep Research Society</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,1584,27924,27925</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Xi, M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Fung, S J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chase, M H</creatorcontrib><title>0072 A Chronic Animal Model to Study the Neuromechanisms that Control Hypoglossal Motoneuron Activity during Hypoxic REM Sleep</title><title>Sleep (New York, N.Y.)</title><description>Abstract
Introduction
There is significant controversy regarding the mechanisms that are responsible for the control of hypoglossal motoneurons during REM sleep in normal states and those that are operative during sleep disorders. Based on the previous data, we hypothesized that during REM sleep under hypoxic conditions, such as those that arise during obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), disfacilitation in addition to postsynaptic inhibition, are responsible for the depression of hypoglossal motoneuron activity. Accordingly, we developed an animal model of hypoxia in the chronic cat preparation to evaluate this hypothesis.
Methods
Adult cats were prepared for monitoring behavioral states and for intracellular recordings from hypoglossal motoneurons. A chronic breathing mask was placed over the animal’s nose and mouth. The oxyhemoglobin saturation level (SpO2) and heart rate were continuously monitored with a SurgiVet pulse oximeter. Hypoxia was induced by a ventilatory system that controls “on” and “off” flows of nitrogen gas and air into the mask.
Results
In chronically-instrumented, unanesthetized cats, single and recurrent periods of hypoxia of different duration, frequency of episodes and severity (e.g., 75% SpO2 level) were successfully generated and maintained during naturally-occurring behavioral states of REM sleep, NREM sleep and wakefulness. In addition, the animals, after adaptation, exhibited spontaneous periods of sleep and wakefulness under hypoxic conditions with no significant change in sleep pattern.
Conclusion
The present study demonstrates the feasibility of studying the effects of hypoxia in chronic unanesthetized cats that exhibit naturally-occurring states of sleep and wakefulness. We believe that this in vivo animal model of hypoxia, combined with intracellular recording techniques, can be utilized to study the synaptic mechanisms and neurotransmitters that control hypoglossal motoneuron activity during REM sleep under normal as well as pathological conditions, such as OSA.
Support (If Any)
NS094062</description><subject>Hypoxia</subject><subject>NREM sleep</subject><subject>REM sleep</subject><subject>Sleep</subject><issn>0161-8105</issn><issn>1550-9109</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2018</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>8G5</sourceid><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><sourceid>GNUQQ</sourceid><sourceid>GUQSH</sourceid><sourceid>M2O</sourceid><recordid>eNqFkD1PwzAQhi0EEqWwM1piRGnP-bCTMYoKRWpBojBHieO0qVI72A4iDPx23IadyTrf8_rOD0K3BGYEkmBuWiG6-bcZgJIZMHKGJiSKwEtc9xxNgFDixQSiS3RlzB5cHSbBBP0AMB-nONtpJRuOU9kcihavVSVabBXe2L4asN0J_Cx6rQ6C7wrZmINxd4XFmZJWqxYvh05tW2XMKWuVPMISp9w2n40dcNXrRm5P2Jeb8rpY481x4Wt0URetETd_5xS9PyzesqW3enl8ytKVx0nI3OKcxozEVREFCYQhL8soiKOoDEjF_IgLoMDKgLqqhkqImFHiCEpFKcKK1HUwRXfju51WH70wNt-rXks3MvfBgYyE1HcUjBTX7ita1HmnnQ495ATyo-X8ZDkfLefOsovcjxHVd__Tv-uKgR8</recordid><startdate>20180427</startdate><enddate>20180427</enddate><creator>Xi, M</creator><creator>Fung, S J</creator><creator>Chase, M H</creator><general>Oxford University Press</general><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>88G</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>8G5</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>GUQSH</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M2M</scope><scope>M2O</scope><scope>MBDVC</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>PSYQQ</scope><scope>Q9U</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20180427</creationdate><title>0072 A Chronic Animal Model to Study the Neuromechanisms that Control Hypoglossal Motoneuron Activity during Hypoxic REM Sleep</title><author>Xi, M ; Fung, S J ; Chase, M H</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c1471-8c68718da539044cbb53855b31d725ce0607b361d7f0dee8761b5366ebe4d1ff3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2018</creationdate><topic>Hypoxia</topic><topic>NREM sleep</topic><topic>REM sleep</topic><topic>Sleep</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Xi, M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Fung, S J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chase, M H</creatorcontrib><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Psychology Database (Alumni)</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Research Library (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Student</collection><collection>Research Library Prep</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database</collection><collection>Psychology Database</collection><collection>Research Library</collection><collection>Research Library (Corporate)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><collection>ProQuest One Psychology</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Basic</collection><jtitle>Sleep (New York, N.Y.)</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Xi, M</au><au>Fung, S J</au><au>Chase, M H</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>0072 A Chronic Animal Model to Study the Neuromechanisms that Control Hypoglossal Motoneuron Activity during Hypoxic REM Sleep</atitle><jtitle>Sleep (New York, N.Y.)</jtitle><date>2018-04-27</date><risdate>2018</risdate><volume>41</volume><issue>suppl_1</issue><spage>A29</spage><epage>A30</epage><pages>A29-A30</pages><issn>0161-8105</issn><eissn>1550-9109</eissn><abstract>Abstract
Introduction
There is significant controversy regarding the mechanisms that are responsible for the control of hypoglossal motoneurons during REM sleep in normal states and those that are operative during sleep disorders. Based on the previous data, we hypothesized that during REM sleep under hypoxic conditions, such as those that arise during obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), disfacilitation in addition to postsynaptic inhibition, are responsible for the depression of hypoglossal motoneuron activity. Accordingly, we developed an animal model of hypoxia in the chronic cat preparation to evaluate this hypothesis.
Methods
Adult cats were prepared for monitoring behavioral states and for intracellular recordings from hypoglossal motoneurons. A chronic breathing mask was placed over the animal’s nose and mouth. The oxyhemoglobin saturation level (SpO2) and heart rate were continuously monitored with a SurgiVet pulse oximeter. Hypoxia was induced by a ventilatory system that controls “on” and “off” flows of nitrogen gas and air into the mask.
Results
In chronically-instrumented, unanesthetized cats, single and recurrent periods of hypoxia of different duration, frequency of episodes and severity (e.g., 75% SpO2 level) were successfully generated and maintained during naturally-occurring behavioral states of REM sleep, NREM sleep and wakefulness. In addition, the animals, after adaptation, exhibited spontaneous periods of sleep and wakefulness under hypoxic conditions with no significant change in sleep pattern.
Conclusion
The present study demonstrates the feasibility of studying the effects of hypoxia in chronic unanesthetized cats that exhibit naturally-occurring states of sleep and wakefulness. We believe that this in vivo animal model of hypoxia, combined with intracellular recording techniques, can be utilized to study the synaptic mechanisms and neurotransmitters that control hypoglossal motoneuron activity during REM sleep under normal as well as pathological conditions, such as OSA.
Support (If Any)
NS094062</abstract><cop>US</cop><pub>Oxford University Press</pub><doi>10.1093/sleep/zsy061.071</doi><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| identifier | ISSN: 0161-8105 |
| ispartof | Sleep (New York, N.Y.), 2018-04, Vol.41 (suppl_1), p.A29-A30 |
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| source | Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek - Frei zugängliche E-Journals; Oxford University Press Journals All Titles (1996-Current); Alma/SFX Local Collection |
| subjects | Hypoxia NREM sleep REM sleep Sleep |
| title | 0072 A Chronic Animal Model to Study the Neuromechanisms that Control Hypoglossal Motoneuron Activity during Hypoxic REM Sleep |
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