Income tax schedule and redistribution in direct democracies – the Swiss case

This study examines redistribution policy through personal income taxes in Swiss cantons over the period 1995–2011. In a first step, redistribution measures are estimated with the help of exhaustive administrative data. Redistribution is decomposed into average tax rate and tax progression. In a sec...

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Veröffentlicht in:Journal of economic inequality 2018-09, Vol.16 (3), p.413-438
Hauptverfasser: Morger, Mario, Schaltegger, Christoph A.
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description This study examines redistribution policy through personal income taxes in Swiss cantons over the period 1995–2011. In a first step, redistribution measures are estimated with the help of exhaustive administrative data. Redistribution is decomposed into average tax rate and tax progression. In a second step, we investigate the impact of direct democratic institutions and their usage on tax policy and redistribution. The results suggest that the effect of direct democracy on income tax redistribution is a multilayered process. First, the theoretical availability of direct democracy tools does not seem to have the same impact as the effective use of them. Second, fiscal referendums may – in the short term –reduce redistribution through lower tax rates and lead to less tax progression. Third, an increasing number of ballots on initiatives leads to more tax progression and more redistribution in the long run. It seems that the short-term dampening effects of fiscal referendums on redistribution may be overridden in the long run by the expansive effect of popular initiatives.
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subjects Democracy
Development Economics
Direct democracy
Economic Growth
Economic models
Economics
Economics and Finance
Income redistribution
Income tax
Income taxes
International Economics
Personal finance
Political aspects
Political Science
Public Finance
Referendums
Studies
Tax law
Tax rates
title Income tax schedule and redistribution in direct democracies – the Swiss case
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