Retention of Nitrogen Following Wildfire in a Chaparral Ecosystem
Wildfires alter nitrogen (N) cycling in Mediterranean-type ecosystems, resetting plant and soil microbial growth, combusting plant biomass to ash, and enhancing N availability in the upper soil layer. This ash and soil N pool (that is, wildfire N) is susceptible to loss from watersheds via runoff an...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Ecosystems (New York) 2018-12, Vol.21 (8), p.1608-1622 |
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| creator | Goodridge, Blair M. Hanan, Erin J. Aguilera, Rosana Wetherley, Erin B. Chen, Ying-Jung D’Antonio, Carla M. Melack, John M. |
| description | Wildfires alter nitrogen (N) cycling in Mediterranean-type ecosystems, resetting plant and soil microbial growth, combusting plant biomass to ash, and enhancing N availability in the upper soil layer. This ash and soil N pool (that is, wildfire N) is susceptible to loss from watersheds via runoff and leaching during post-fire rains. Plant and soil microbial recovery may mitigate these losses by sequestering N compounds in new biomass, thereby promoting landscape N retention in N-limited chaparral ecosystems. We investigated the relative balance between wildfire N loss, and plant and soil microbial N uptake and stream N export for an upland chaparral watershed in southern California that burned (61 %) in a high-intensity wildfire in 2009 by using a combination of stream, vegetation, soil microbial, and remote sensing analyses. Soil N in the burn scar was 440% higher than unburned soil N in the beginning of the first post-fire wet season and returned within 66 days to pre-fire levels. Stream N export was 1480% higher than pre-fire export during the first post-fire rain and returned within 106 days over the course of the following three rainstorms to pre-fire levels. A watershed-scale N mass balance revealed that 52% of wildfire N could be accounted for in plant and soil microbial growth, whereas 1% could be accounted for in stream export of dissolved nitrogen. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1007/s10021-018-0243-3 |
| format | Article |
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This ash and soil N pool (that is, wildfire N) is susceptible to loss from watersheds via runoff and leaching during post-fire rains. Plant and soil microbial recovery may mitigate these losses by sequestering N compounds in new biomass, thereby promoting landscape N retention in N-limited chaparral ecosystems. We investigated the relative balance between wildfire N loss, and plant and soil microbial N uptake and stream N export for an upland chaparral watershed in southern California that burned (61 %) in a high-intensity wildfire in 2009 by using a combination of stream, vegetation, soil microbial, and remote sensing analyses. Soil N in the burn scar was 440% higher than unburned soil N in the beginning of the first post-fire wet season and returned within 66 days to pre-fire levels. Stream N export was 1480% higher than pre-fire export during the first post-fire rain and returned within 106 days over the course of the following three rainstorms to pre-fire levels. A watershed-scale N mass balance revealed that 52% of wildfire N could be accounted for in plant and soil microbial growth, whereas 1% could be accounted for in stream export of dissolved nitrogen.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1432-9840</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1435-0629</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1007/s10021-018-0243-3</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>New York: Springer Science + Business Media</publisher><subject>Ash ; Ashes ; Bacterial leaching ; Biomass ; Biomass burning ; Biomedical and Life Sciences ; Chaparral ; Ecology ; Ecosystems ; Environmental Management ; Exports ; Geoecology/Natural Processes ; Hydrology/Water Resources ; Leaching ; Life Sciences ; Nitrogen ; Original Articles ; Plant biomass ; Plant Sciences ; Rainstorms ; Rainy season ; Remote sensing ; Retention ; Runoff ; Sequestering ; Soil analysis ; Soil erosion ; Soil layers ; Soil microbiology ; Soils ; Watersheds ; Wildfires ; Zoology</subject><ispartof>Ecosystems (New York), 2018-12, Vol.21 (8), p.1608-1622</ispartof><rights>2018 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature</rights><rights>Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2018</rights><rights>COPYRIGHT 2018 Springer</rights><rights>Ecosystems is a copyright of Springer, (2018). All Rights Reserved.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c377t-5652a553c914e2d93f074774c23ae6e8ec840162e783204843ac38b41425cf643</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c377t-5652a553c914e2d93f074774c23ae6e8ec840162e783204843ac38b41425cf643</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.jstor.org/stable/pdf/48719635$$EPDF$$P50$$Gjstor$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.jstor.org/stable/48719635$$EHTML$$P50$$Gjstor$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,777,781,800,27905,27906,41469,42538,51300,57998,58231</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Goodridge, Blair M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hanan, Erin J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Aguilera, Rosana</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wetherley, Erin B.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chen, Ying-Jung</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>D’Antonio, Carla M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Melack, John M.</creatorcontrib><title>Retention of Nitrogen Following Wildfire in a Chaparral Ecosystem</title><title>Ecosystems (New York)</title><addtitle>Ecosystems</addtitle><description>Wildfires alter nitrogen (N) cycling in Mediterranean-type ecosystems, resetting plant and soil microbial growth, combusting plant biomass to ash, and enhancing N availability in the upper soil layer. This ash and soil N pool (that is, wildfire N) is susceptible to loss from watersheds via runoff and leaching during post-fire rains. Plant and soil microbial recovery may mitigate these losses by sequestering N compounds in new biomass, thereby promoting landscape N retention in N-limited chaparral ecosystems. We investigated the relative balance between wildfire N loss, and plant and soil microbial N uptake and stream N export for an upland chaparral watershed in southern California that burned (61 %) in a high-intensity wildfire in 2009 by using a combination of stream, vegetation, soil microbial, and remote sensing analyses. Soil N in the burn scar was 440% higher than unburned soil N in the beginning of the first post-fire wet season and returned within 66 days to pre-fire levels. Stream N export was 1480% higher than pre-fire export during the first post-fire rain and returned within 106 days over the course of the following three rainstorms to pre-fire levels. A watershed-scale N mass balance revealed that 52% of wildfire N could be accounted for in plant and soil microbial growth, whereas 1% could be accounted for in stream export of dissolved nitrogen.</description><subject>Ash</subject><subject>Ashes</subject><subject>Bacterial leaching</subject><subject>Biomass</subject><subject>Biomass burning</subject><subject>Biomedical and Life Sciences</subject><subject>Chaparral</subject><subject>Ecology</subject><subject>Ecosystems</subject><subject>Environmental Management</subject><subject>Exports</subject><subject>Geoecology/Natural Processes</subject><subject>Hydrology/Water Resources</subject><subject>Leaching</subject><subject>Life Sciences</subject><subject>Nitrogen</subject><subject>Original Articles</subject><subject>Plant biomass</subject><subject>Plant Sciences</subject><subject>Rainstorms</subject><subject>Rainy season</subject><subject>Remote sensing</subject><subject>Retention</subject><subject>Runoff</subject><subject>Sequestering</subject><subject>Soil analysis</subject><subject>Soil erosion</subject><subject>Soil layers</subject><subject>Soil microbiology</subject><subject>Soils</subject><subject>Watersheds</subject><subject>Wildfires</subject><subject>Zoology</subject><issn>1432-9840</issn><issn>1435-0629</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2018</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>8G5</sourceid><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><sourceid>GNUQQ</sourceid><sourceid>GUQSH</sourceid><sourceid>M2O</sourceid><recordid>eNp9kE1LAzEQhhdRsFZ_gAdhwfPWfG6yx1JaFYqCKB5DTGfXlG1SkxTpvzd1RW8yMDMM7zMzvEVxidEEIyRuYs4EVwjLChFGK3pUjDCjvEI1aY6_e1I1kqHT4izGNUKYS8ZGxfQJErhkvSt9Wz7YFHwHrlz4vvef1nXlq-1XrQ1QWlfqcvautzoE3Zdz4-M-JticFyet7iNc_NRx8bKYP8_uquXj7f1suqwMFSJVvOZEc05NgxmQVUNbJJgQzBCqoQYJJj-HawJCUoKYZFQbKt8YZoSbtmZ0XFwPe7fBf-wgJrX2u-DySUUQIUjUXKKsmgyqTvegrGt9CtrkWMHGGu-gtXk-FZgKihmuM4AHwAQfY4BWbYPd6LBXGKmDtWqwVmVr1cFaRTNDBiZmresg_L3yH3Q1QOuYfPi9wqTATU05_QLgn4JY</recordid><startdate>20181201</startdate><enddate>20181201</enddate><creator>Goodridge, Blair M.</creator><creator>Hanan, Erin J.</creator><creator>Aguilera, Rosana</creator><creator>Wetherley, Erin B.</creator><creator>Chen, Ying-Jung</creator><creator>D’Antonio, Carla M.</creator><creator>Melack, John M.</creator><general>Springer Science + Business Media</general><general>Springer US</general><general>Springer</general><general>Springer Nature B.V</general><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7SN</scope><scope>7ST</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88I</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>8G5</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AEUYN</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>ATCPS</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>BKSAR</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>GUQSH</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>M2O</scope><scope>M2P</scope><scope>MBDVC</scope><scope>PATMY</scope><scope>PCBAR</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PYCSY</scope><scope>Q9U</scope><scope>SOI</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20181201</creationdate><title>Retention of Nitrogen Following Wildfire in a Chaparral Ecosystem</title><author>Goodridge, Blair M. ; Hanan, Erin J. ; Aguilera, Rosana ; Wetherley, Erin B. ; Chen, Ying-Jung ; D’Antonio, Carla M. ; Melack, John M.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c377t-5652a553c914e2d93f074774c23ae6e8ec840162e783204843ac38b41425cf643</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2018</creationdate><topic>Ash</topic><topic>Ashes</topic><topic>Bacterial leaching</topic><topic>Biomass</topic><topic>Biomass burning</topic><topic>Biomedical and Life Sciences</topic><topic>Chaparral</topic><topic>Ecology</topic><topic>Ecosystems</topic><topic>Environmental Management</topic><topic>Exports</topic><topic>Geoecology/Natural Processes</topic><topic>Hydrology/Water Resources</topic><topic>Leaching</topic><topic>Life Sciences</topic><topic>Nitrogen</topic><topic>Original Articles</topic><topic>Plant biomass</topic><topic>Plant Sciences</topic><topic>Rainstorms</topic><topic>Rainy season</topic><topic>Remote sensing</topic><topic>Retention</topic><topic>Runoff</topic><topic>Sequestering</topic><topic>Soil analysis</topic><topic>Soil erosion</topic><topic>Soil layers</topic><topic>Soil microbiology</topic><topic>Soils</topic><topic>Watersheds</topic><topic>Wildfires</topic><topic>Zoology</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Goodridge, Blair M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hanan, Erin J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Aguilera, Rosana</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wetherley, Erin B.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chen, Ying-Jung</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>D’Antonio, Carla M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Melack, John M.</creatorcontrib><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Ecology Abstracts</collection><collection>Environment Abstracts</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Science Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Research Library (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Sustainability</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>Agricultural & Environmental Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>Earth, Atmospheric & Aquatic Science Collection</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Student</collection><collection>Research Library Prep</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection</collection><collection>Research Library</collection><collection>Science Database</collection><collection>Research Library (Corporate)</collection><collection>Environmental Science Database</collection><collection>Earth, Atmospheric & Aquatic Science Database</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>Environmental Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Basic</collection><collection>Environment Abstracts</collection><jtitle>Ecosystems (New York)</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Goodridge, Blair M.</au><au>Hanan, Erin J.</au><au>Aguilera, Rosana</au><au>Wetherley, Erin B.</au><au>Chen, Ying-Jung</au><au>D’Antonio, Carla M.</au><au>Melack, John M.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Retention of Nitrogen Following Wildfire in a Chaparral Ecosystem</atitle><jtitle>Ecosystems (New York)</jtitle><stitle>Ecosystems</stitle><date>2018-12-01</date><risdate>2018</risdate><volume>21</volume><issue>8</issue><spage>1608</spage><epage>1622</epage><pages>1608-1622</pages><issn>1432-9840</issn><eissn>1435-0629</eissn><abstract>Wildfires alter nitrogen (N) cycling in Mediterranean-type ecosystems, resetting plant and soil microbial growth, combusting plant biomass to ash, and enhancing N availability in the upper soil layer. This ash and soil N pool (that is, wildfire N) is susceptible to loss from watersheds via runoff and leaching during post-fire rains. Plant and soil microbial recovery may mitigate these losses by sequestering N compounds in new biomass, thereby promoting landscape N retention in N-limited chaparral ecosystems. We investigated the relative balance between wildfire N loss, and plant and soil microbial N uptake and stream N export for an upland chaparral watershed in southern California that burned (61 %) in a high-intensity wildfire in 2009 by using a combination of stream, vegetation, soil microbial, and remote sensing analyses. Soil N in the burn scar was 440% higher than unburned soil N in the beginning of the first post-fire wet season and returned within 66 days to pre-fire levels. Stream N export was 1480% higher than pre-fire export during the first post-fire rain and returned within 106 days over the course of the following three rainstorms to pre-fire levels. A watershed-scale N mass balance revealed that 52% of wildfire N could be accounted for in plant and soil microbial growth, whereas 1% could be accounted for in stream export of dissolved nitrogen.</abstract><cop>New York</cop><pub>Springer Science + Business Media</pub><doi>10.1007/s10021-018-0243-3</doi><tpages>15</tpages></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Ash Ashes Bacterial leaching Biomass Biomass burning Biomedical and Life Sciences Chaparral Ecology Ecosystems Environmental Management Exports Geoecology/Natural Processes Hydrology/Water Resources Leaching Life Sciences Nitrogen Original Articles Plant biomass Plant Sciences Rainstorms Rainy season Remote sensing Retention Runoff Sequestering Soil analysis Soil erosion Soil layers Soil microbiology Soils Watersheds Wildfires Zoology |
| title | Retention of Nitrogen Following Wildfire in a Chaparral Ecosystem |
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