Mesoporous Ag1(NH4)2PW12O40 heteropolyacids as effective catalysts for the esterification of oleic acid to biodiesel

Mesoporous Ag1(NH4)2PW12O40 (AgN-PW) was developed by co-doping silver and ammonium ions into phosphotungstic acid as an efficient and stable catalyst for free fatty acid esterification, and its physicochemical properties were derived from X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric (TG) analysis, Fo...

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Veröffentlicht in:RSC advances 2017-01, Vol.7 (81), p.51090-51095
Hauptverfasser: Qiu-yun, Zhang, Fang-fang, Wei, Li, Qian, Jin-shu, Huang, Yun-mei, Feng, Yu-tao, Zhang
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container_issue 81
container_start_page 51090
container_title RSC advances
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creator Qiu-yun, Zhang
Fang-fang, Wei
Li, Qian
Jin-shu, Huang
Yun-mei, Feng
Yu-tao, Zhang
description Mesoporous Ag1(NH4)2PW12O40 (AgN-PW) was developed by co-doping silver and ammonium ions into phosphotungstic acid as an efficient and stable catalyst for free fatty acid esterification, and its physicochemical properties were derived from X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric (TG) analysis, Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectra, N2 adsorption–desorption, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The final catalyst showed a typical Keggin structure of heteropoly acids. This solid acid exhibited remarkable catalytic activity (nearly 100% conversion) in the esterification of oleic acid with methanol for biodiesel production under optimum synthesis conditions. Furthermore, due to the high activity presented in various esterifications of free fatty acids and non-edible oils with high acid values, the mesoporous AgN-PW material was proven to be an environmentally friendly catalyst for industrial biodiesel production.
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source DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals; Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek - Frei zugängliche E-Journals
subjects Biodiesel fuels
Catalysts
Catalytic activity
Catalytic converters
Electron microscopy
Esterification
Fatty acids
Fourier transforms
Infrared analysis
Infrared spectra
Oils
Oleic acid
Scanning electron microscopy
X-ray diffraction
title Mesoporous Ag1(NH4)2PW12O40 heteropolyacids as effective catalysts for the esterification of oleic acid to biodiesel
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