Dispersal‐Dependent Oviposition and the Aggregation of Parasitism
The prediction that parasitoid foraging effort should increase with distance traversed to reach or to locate hosts has had little experimental attention. Consistent with a number of models of foraging behavior, we found that the per capita number of ovipositions by the minute fairyfly‐egg parasitoid...
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Veröffentlicht in: | The American naturalist 1999-07, Vol.154 (1), p.23-36 |
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description | The prediction that parasitoid foraging effort should increase with distance traversed to reach or to locate hosts has had little experimental attention. Consistent with a number of models of foraging behavior, we found that the per capita number of ovipositions by the minute fairyfly‐egg parasitoidAnagrus sophiaeincreased significantly with dispersal distance to planthopper hosts in the field in experimental patches of many host eggs. In large continuous stands of cordgrass host plants, after dispersal of decimeters or less, female wasps laid approximately 18% of their average of 18.6 eggs. After dispersal to plants isolated 10 m from other cordgrass, they laid approximately 84%, and they laid virtually all of their eggs after dispersal of 250 m to experimental floating islands of cordgrass. The increased oviposition following dispersal tripled the CV2index of aggregation of parasitism to a level theoretically sufficient to promote locally stable parasitoid‐host dynamics in isolated patches. At the same time, the change in wasp behavior did not affect the relationship between parasitism and host density, which was consistently density independent. Our results suggest that increased foraging effort with distance traversed can counter Allee effects in colonization and increase spatial spread of populations of natural enemies. |
doi_str_mv | 10.1086/303221 |
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Roitberg</contributor><creatorcontrib>Cronin, James T. ; Strong, Donald R. ; Bernard D. Roitberg</creatorcontrib><description>The prediction that parasitoid foraging effort should increase with distance traversed to reach or to locate hosts has had little experimental attention. Consistent with a number of models of foraging behavior, we found that the per capita number of ovipositions by the minute fairyfly‐egg parasitoidAnagrus sophiaeincreased significantly with dispersal distance to planthopper hosts in the field in experimental patches of many host eggs. In large continuous stands of cordgrass host plants, after dispersal of decimeters or less, female wasps laid approximately 18% of their average of 18.6 eggs. After dispersal to plants isolated 10 m from other cordgrass, they laid approximately 84%, and they laid virtually all of their eggs after dispersal of 250 m to experimental floating islands of cordgrass. The increased oviposition following dispersal tripled the CV2index of aggregation of parasitism to a level theoretically sufficient to promote locally stable parasitoid‐host dynamics in isolated patches. At the same time, the change in wasp behavior did not affect the relationship between parasitism and host density, which was consistently density independent. Our results suggest that increased foraging effort with distance traversed can counter Allee effects in colonization and increase spatial spread of populations of natural enemies.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0003-0147</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1537-5323</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1086/303221</identifier><identifier>PMID: 29587495</identifier><identifier>CODEN: AMNTA4</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: The University of Chicago Press</publisher><subject>Aggregation ; Anagrus sophiae ; Eggs ; Experiments ; Floating islands ; Foraging ; Insect eggs ; Leaves ; Mymaridae ; Oviposition ; Parasite hosts ; Parasites ; Parasitism ; Parasitoids</subject><ispartof>The American naturalist, 1999-07, Vol.154 (1), p.23-36</ispartof><rights>1999 by The University of Chicago.</rights><rights>1999 by The University of Chicago.</rights><rights>Copyright University of Chicago, acting through its Press Jul 1999</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c447t-2417c04bb2a0521e586ba7198fbcdd0de4d68e4213a1c0140daaa5446870c94a3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c447t-2417c04bb2a0521e586ba7198fbcdd0de4d68e4213a1c0140daaa5446870c94a3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,799,27903,27904</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29587495$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><contributor>Bernard D. Roitberg</contributor><creatorcontrib>Cronin, James T.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Strong, Donald R.</creatorcontrib><title>Dispersal‐Dependent Oviposition and the Aggregation of Parasitism</title><title>The American naturalist</title><addtitle>Am Nat</addtitle><description>The prediction that parasitoid foraging effort should increase with distance traversed to reach or to locate hosts has had little experimental attention. Consistent with a number of models of foraging behavior, we found that the per capita number of ovipositions by the minute fairyfly‐egg parasitoidAnagrus sophiaeincreased significantly with dispersal distance to planthopper hosts in the field in experimental patches of many host eggs. In large continuous stands of cordgrass host plants, after dispersal of decimeters or less, female wasps laid approximately 18% of their average of 18.6 eggs. After dispersal to plants isolated 10 m from other cordgrass, they laid approximately 84%, and they laid virtually all of their eggs after dispersal of 250 m to experimental floating islands of cordgrass. The increased oviposition following dispersal tripled the CV2index of aggregation of parasitism to a level theoretically sufficient to promote locally stable parasitoid‐host dynamics in isolated patches. At the same time, the change in wasp behavior did not affect the relationship between parasitism and host density, which was consistently density independent. Our results suggest that increased foraging effort with distance traversed can counter Allee effects in colonization and increase spatial spread of populations of natural enemies.</description><subject>Aggregation</subject><subject>Anagrus sophiae</subject><subject>Eggs</subject><subject>Experiments</subject><subject>Floating islands</subject><subject>Foraging</subject><subject>Insect eggs</subject><subject>Leaves</subject><subject>Mymaridae</subject><subject>Oviposition</subject><subject>Parasite hosts</subject><subject>Parasites</subject><subject>Parasitism</subject><subject>Parasitoids</subject><issn>0003-0147</issn><issn>1537-5323</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>1999</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNqN0NtKwzAYB_AgiptTn0CkiIg31Ryb9nJsnkCYF3pd0iTtOramJq3gnY_gM_okZnZa8EK8yoEf_-8AwCGCFwjG0SWBBGO0BYaIER4ygsk2GEIISQgR5QOw59zCPxOasF0wwAmLub8OwWRaulpbJ5Yfb-9TXetK6aoJZi9lbVzZlKYKRKWCZq6DcVFYXYivP5MHD8KKtXCrfbCTi6XTB5tzBJ6urx4nt-H97OZuMr4PJaW8CTFFXEKaZVhAhpFmcZQJjpI4z6RSUGmqolhTjIhA0ncNlRCCURrFHMqECjIC511ubc1zq12Trkon9XIpKm1al2KIEsp5EkNPz_6kiFPIWMI8PPkFF6a1lR8j9Z1FGEc07tOkNc5Znae1LVfCvqYIpuv1p936PTzepLXZSqsf9r3vfoRWzkspClNb7Vxfs8tJa5V7evoP6tlRxxauMbavSCPiZySf7Z-iTw</recordid><startdate>19990701</startdate><enddate>19990701</enddate><creator>Cronin, James T.</creator><creator>Strong, Donald R.</creator><general>The University of Chicago Press</general><general>University of Chicago, acting through its Press</general><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7QG</scope><scope>7SN</scope><scope>7SS</scope><scope>7ST</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>RC3</scope><scope>SOI</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>19990701</creationdate><title>Dispersal‐Dependent Oviposition and the Aggregation of Parasitism</title><author>Cronin, James T. ; Strong, Donald R.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c447t-2417c04bb2a0521e586ba7198fbcdd0de4d68e4213a1c0140daaa5446870c94a3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>1999</creationdate><topic>Aggregation</topic><topic>Anagrus sophiae</topic><topic>Eggs</topic><topic>Experiments</topic><topic>Floating islands</topic><topic>Foraging</topic><topic>Insect eggs</topic><topic>Leaves</topic><topic>Mymaridae</topic><topic>Oviposition</topic><topic>Parasite hosts</topic><topic>Parasites</topic><topic>Parasitism</topic><topic>Parasitoids</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Cronin, James T.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Strong, Donald R.</creatorcontrib><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Animal Behavior Abstracts</collection><collection>Ecology Abstracts</collection><collection>Entomology Abstracts (Full archive)</collection><collection>Environment Abstracts</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Genetics Abstracts</collection><collection>Environment Abstracts</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>The American naturalist</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Cronin, James T.</au><au>Strong, Donald R.</au><au>Bernard D. Roitberg</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Dispersal‐Dependent Oviposition and the Aggregation of Parasitism</atitle><jtitle>The American naturalist</jtitle><addtitle>Am Nat</addtitle><date>1999-07-01</date><risdate>1999</risdate><volume>154</volume><issue>1</issue><spage>23</spage><epage>36</epage><pages>23-36</pages><issn>0003-0147</issn><eissn>1537-5323</eissn><coden>AMNTA4</coden><abstract>The prediction that parasitoid foraging effort should increase with distance traversed to reach or to locate hosts has had little experimental attention. Consistent with a number of models of foraging behavior, we found that the per capita number of ovipositions by the minute fairyfly‐egg parasitoidAnagrus sophiaeincreased significantly with dispersal distance to planthopper hosts in the field in experimental patches of many host eggs. In large continuous stands of cordgrass host plants, after dispersal of decimeters or less, female wasps laid approximately 18% of their average of 18.6 eggs. After dispersal to plants isolated 10 m from other cordgrass, they laid approximately 84%, and they laid virtually all of their eggs after dispersal of 250 m to experimental floating islands of cordgrass. The increased oviposition following dispersal tripled the CV2index of aggregation of parasitism to a level theoretically sufficient to promote locally stable parasitoid‐host dynamics in isolated patches. At the same time, the change in wasp behavior did not affect the relationship between parasitism and host density, which was consistently density independent. Our results suggest that increased foraging effort with distance traversed can counter Allee effects in colonization and increase spatial spread of populations of natural enemies.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>The University of Chicago Press</pub><pmid>29587495</pmid><doi>10.1086/303221</doi><tpages>14</tpages></addata></record> |
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source | Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek - Frei zugängliche E-Journals; Jstor Complete Legacy |
subjects | Aggregation Anagrus sophiae Eggs Experiments Floating islands Foraging Insect eggs Leaves Mymaridae Oviposition Parasite hosts Parasites Parasitism Parasitoids |
title | Dispersal‐Dependent Oviposition and the Aggregation of Parasitism |
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