Effect of Gym Ball Exercise on Primary Dysmenorrhea and Pulse Wave Velocity of Lower Limbs in Young Women

[...]the purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of gym ball on primary dysmenorrhea pain and arterial pulse wave velocity of lower limbs in young women. In this context, recently exercise therapy is widely recommended as a non-medical approach to relieve various pains and symptoms according to menstruation11. Since Billig12 reported the relation between dysmenorrhea and exercise, aerobic exercise has been reported to reduce dysmenorrhea while stimulating blood circulation into the uterus13, 14. [...]this study intended to research what effects gym ball exercise, which is known for strengthening core muscles and being effective in improvement of muscular function of abdominal and low back in addition to range of motion and pain relief, have on primary dysmenorrhea and arterial pulse wave velocity. 2.MATERIALS AND METHODS: 2.1 Subjects: The subjects of this study were those who suffered from primary dysmenorrhea, whose lesion in the pelvis can't be identified during menstrual periods. Furthermore, many young teenage girls who just started menstruation rely on drugs for dysmenorrhea, which has a negative effect on their health. [...]management of dysmenorrhea is very important to women's normal activity and life because severe dysmenorrhea can cause problems with daily life not to mention health25.