Quaternary blends of diesel, biodiesel, higher alcohols and vegetable oil in a compression ignition engine
[Display omitted] •Soybean oil, waste oil biodiesel and higher alcohols are important alternative fuel resources for diesel engines.•Propanol and pentanol were added to diesel-waste oil biodiesel and soybean oil blends and tested in a diesel engine.•DBVOPen decreased BSFC values an average of 0.6%,...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Fuel (Guildford) 2018-01, Vol.212, p.462-469 |
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| creator | Yilmaz, Nadir Atmanli, Alpaslan Vigil, Francisco M. |
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•Soybean oil, waste oil biodiesel and higher alcohols are important alternative fuel resources for diesel engines.•Propanol and pentanol were added to diesel-waste oil biodiesel and soybean oil blends and tested in a diesel engine.•DBVOPen decreased BSFC values an average of 0.6%, while DBVOPro increased by 5.02%.•NOx emissions for DBVOPro and DBVOPen decreased 11.9% and 7.7%, respectively.
Vegetable oils, biodiesel and alcohols are important alternative fuel resources for diesel engines. Prominent fuels of the three types include: soybean oil which has efficient amount of productivity, biodiesel made of waste oils which do not affect food security and alcohols with high number of carbons. There is potential to use quaternary blends of diesel fuel, waste oil methyl ester, soybean oil and higher alcohols, such as propanol and pentanol, in diesel engines for the purpose of increasing the use of biofuels and decreasing fossil fuel consumption. In this work, diesel fuel (D) was mixed with biodiesel (B), and biodiesel-vegetable oil (VO)-alcohol blends using the higher alcohols of propanol (Pro) and pentanol (Pen). Test fuel blends of DB (50 vol% D-50 vol% B), DBVOPro (40 vol% D-40 vol% B-10 vol% VO-10 vol% Pro), DBVOPen (40 vol% D-40 vol% B-10 vol% VO-10 vol% Pen) were prepared through the splash blending method and tested in a diesel engine. The key fuel properties such as density, lower heating value, viscosity and cetane number were measured. Engine performance and exhaust emission tests of the blends were carried out on a four-cylinder, four-cycle diesel engine generator at various loads (0, 3, 6, 9 kW) with fixed engine speed of 1800 rpm. According to engine test results, mean brake specific fuel consumptions (BSFCs) of DBVOPro increased compared to DB and DBVOPen at all engine loads. As compared to DB blend, DBVOPro presented the best mean oxides of nitrogen (NOx) with a reduction of 11.9%. However, formation of carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrocarbon (HC) emissions have been increased with the addition of each of the higher alcohol to DB. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1016/j.fuel.2017.10.050 |
| format | Article |
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•Soybean oil, waste oil biodiesel and higher alcohols are important alternative fuel resources for diesel engines.•Propanol and pentanol were added to diesel-waste oil biodiesel and soybean oil blends and tested in a diesel engine.•DBVOPen decreased BSFC values an average of 0.6%, while DBVOPro increased by 5.02%.•NOx emissions for DBVOPro and DBVOPen decreased 11.9% and 7.7%, respectively.
Vegetable oils, biodiesel and alcohols are important alternative fuel resources for diesel engines. Prominent fuels of the three types include: soybean oil which has efficient amount of productivity, biodiesel made of waste oils which do not affect food security and alcohols with high number of carbons. There is potential to use quaternary blends of diesel fuel, waste oil methyl ester, soybean oil and higher alcohols, such as propanol and pentanol, in diesel engines for the purpose of increasing the use of biofuels and decreasing fossil fuel consumption. In this work, diesel fuel (D) was mixed with biodiesel (B), and biodiesel-vegetable oil (VO)-alcohol blends using the higher alcohols of propanol (Pro) and pentanol (Pen). Test fuel blends of DB (50 vol% D-50 vol% B), DBVOPro (40 vol% D-40 vol% B-10 vol% VO-10 vol% Pro), DBVOPen (40 vol% D-40 vol% B-10 vol% VO-10 vol% Pen) were prepared through the splash blending method and tested in a diesel engine. The key fuel properties such as density, lower heating value, viscosity and cetane number were measured. Engine performance and exhaust emission tests of the blends were carried out on a four-cylinder, four-cycle diesel engine generator at various loads (0, 3, 6, 9 kW) with fixed engine speed of 1800 rpm. According to engine test results, mean brake specific fuel consumptions (BSFCs) of DBVOPro increased compared to DB and DBVOPen at all engine loads. As compared to DB blend, DBVOPro presented the best mean oxides of nitrogen (NOx) with a reduction of 11.9%. However, formation of carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrocarbon (HC) emissions have been increased with the addition of each of the higher alcohol to DB.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0016-2361</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1873-7153</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.fuel.2017.10.050</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Kidlington: Elsevier Ltd</publisher><subject>Alcohols ; Alternative fuels ; Biodiesel fuels ; Biofuels ; Calorific value ; Carbon monoxide ; Cetane number ; Compression ; Diesel ; Diesel engine ; Diesel engines ; Emission analysis ; Emission measurements ; Engine characteristics ; Engine cylinders ; Exhaust emission ; Food security ; Fossil fuels ; Fuel consumption ; Higher alcohol ; Internal combustion engines ; Nitrogen oxides ; Oil wastes ; Oils & fats ; Oxides ; Polymer blends ; Propanol ; Quaternary ; Soybean oil ; Studies ; Vegetable oils ; Vegetables ; Viscosity ; Waste oil biodiesel</subject><ispartof>Fuel (Guildford), 2018-01, Vol.212, p.462-469</ispartof><rights>2017 Elsevier Ltd</rights><rights>Copyright Elsevier BV Jan 15, 2018</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c367t-c706f0c697cb1cd93c63fcf91717ae6059c2dc9f71c87d6fa29d3a31d4084d853</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c367t-c706f0c697cb1cd93c63fcf91717ae6059c2dc9f71c87d6fa29d3a31d4084d853</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0016236117312966$$EHTML$$P50$$Gelsevier$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,3537,27901,27902,65534</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Yilmaz, Nadir</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Atmanli, Alpaslan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Vigil, Francisco M.</creatorcontrib><title>Quaternary blends of diesel, biodiesel, higher alcohols and vegetable oil in a compression ignition engine</title><title>Fuel (Guildford)</title><description>[Display omitted]
•Soybean oil, waste oil biodiesel and higher alcohols are important alternative fuel resources for diesel engines.•Propanol and pentanol were added to diesel-waste oil biodiesel and soybean oil blends and tested in a diesel engine.•DBVOPen decreased BSFC values an average of 0.6%, while DBVOPro increased by 5.02%.•NOx emissions for DBVOPro and DBVOPen decreased 11.9% and 7.7%, respectively.
Vegetable oils, biodiesel and alcohols are important alternative fuel resources for diesel engines. Prominent fuels of the three types include: soybean oil which has efficient amount of productivity, biodiesel made of waste oils which do not affect food security and alcohols with high number of carbons. There is potential to use quaternary blends of diesel fuel, waste oil methyl ester, soybean oil and higher alcohols, such as propanol and pentanol, in diesel engines for the purpose of increasing the use of biofuels and decreasing fossil fuel consumption. In this work, diesel fuel (D) was mixed with biodiesel (B), and biodiesel-vegetable oil (VO)-alcohol blends using the higher alcohols of propanol (Pro) and pentanol (Pen). Test fuel blends of DB (50 vol% D-50 vol% B), DBVOPro (40 vol% D-40 vol% B-10 vol% VO-10 vol% Pro), DBVOPen (40 vol% D-40 vol% B-10 vol% VO-10 vol% Pen) were prepared through the splash blending method and tested in a diesel engine. The key fuel properties such as density, lower heating value, viscosity and cetane number were measured. Engine performance and exhaust emission tests of the blends were carried out on a four-cylinder, four-cycle diesel engine generator at various loads (0, 3, 6, 9 kW) with fixed engine speed of 1800 rpm. According to engine test results, mean brake specific fuel consumptions (BSFCs) of DBVOPro increased compared to DB and DBVOPen at all engine loads. As compared to DB blend, DBVOPro presented the best mean oxides of nitrogen (NOx) with a reduction of 11.9%. However, formation of carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrocarbon (HC) emissions have been increased with the addition of each of the higher alcohol to DB.</description><subject>Alcohols</subject><subject>Alternative fuels</subject><subject>Biodiesel fuels</subject><subject>Biofuels</subject><subject>Calorific value</subject><subject>Carbon monoxide</subject><subject>Cetane number</subject><subject>Compression</subject><subject>Diesel</subject><subject>Diesel engine</subject><subject>Diesel engines</subject><subject>Emission analysis</subject><subject>Emission measurements</subject><subject>Engine characteristics</subject><subject>Engine cylinders</subject><subject>Exhaust emission</subject><subject>Food security</subject><subject>Fossil fuels</subject><subject>Fuel consumption</subject><subject>Higher alcohol</subject><subject>Internal combustion engines</subject><subject>Nitrogen oxides</subject><subject>Oil wastes</subject><subject>Oils & fats</subject><subject>Oxides</subject><subject>Polymer blends</subject><subject>Propanol</subject><subject>Quaternary</subject><subject>Soybean oil</subject><subject>Studies</subject><subject>Vegetable oils</subject><subject>Vegetables</subject><subject>Viscosity</subject><subject>Waste oil biodiesel</subject><issn>0016-2361</issn><issn>1873-7153</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2018</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNp9kE9LxDAQxYMouK5-AU8Br7YmTdu04EUW_8GCCHoO2WTSTekma9Iu-O1NWb16msfjvWHmh9A1JTkltL7rczPBkBeE8mTkpCInaEEbzjJOK3aKFiSlsoLV9BxdxNgTQnhTlQvUv09yhOBk-MabAZyO2BusLUQYbvHG-j-5td0WApaD8ls_RCydxgfoYJSphr0dsHVYYuV3-wAxWu-w7ZwdZwGusw4u0ZmRQ4Sr37lEn0-PH6uXbP32_Lp6WGeK1XzMFCe1IapuudpQpVumamaUaSmnXEJNqlYVWrWGU9VwXRtZtJpJRnVJmlI3FVuim-PeffBfE8RR9H5KHw5R0LYpCsJ5U6ZUcUyp4GMMYMQ-2F3CICgRM1PRi5mpmJnOXmKaSvfHEqT7DxaCiMqCU6BtADUK7e1_9R9w34Ds</recordid><startdate>20180115</startdate><enddate>20180115</enddate><creator>Yilmaz, Nadir</creator><creator>Atmanli, Alpaslan</creator><creator>Vigil, Francisco M.</creator><general>Elsevier Ltd</general><general>Elsevier BV</general><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7QF</scope><scope>7QO</scope><scope>7QQ</scope><scope>7SC</scope><scope>7SE</scope><scope>7SP</scope><scope>7SR</scope><scope>7T7</scope><scope>7TA</scope><scope>7TB</scope><scope>7U5</scope><scope>8BQ</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>F28</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>H8D</scope><scope>H8G</scope><scope>JG9</scope><scope>JQ2</scope><scope>KR7</scope><scope>L7M</scope><scope>L~C</scope><scope>L~D</scope><scope>P64</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20180115</creationdate><title>Quaternary blends of diesel, biodiesel, higher alcohols and vegetable oil in a compression ignition engine</title><author>Yilmaz, Nadir ; Atmanli, Alpaslan ; Vigil, Francisco M.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c367t-c706f0c697cb1cd93c63fcf91717ae6059c2dc9f71c87d6fa29d3a31d4084d853</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2018</creationdate><topic>Alcohols</topic><topic>Alternative fuels</topic><topic>Biodiesel fuels</topic><topic>Biofuels</topic><topic>Calorific value</topic><topic>Carbon monoxide</topic><topic>Cetane number</topic><topic>Compression</topic><topic>Diesel</topic><topic>Diesel engine</topic><topic>Diesel engines</topic><topic>Emission analysis</topic><topic>Emission measurements</topic><topic>Engine characteristics</topic><topic>Engine cylinders</topic><topic>Exhaust emission</topic><topic>Food security</topic><topic>Fossil fuels</topic><topic>Fuel consumption</topic><topic>Higher alcohol</topic><topic>Internal combustion engines</topic><topic>Nitrogen oxides</topic><topic>Oil wastes</topic><topic>Oils & fats</topic><topic>Oxides</topic><topic>Polymer blends</topic><topic>Propanol</topic><topic>Quaternary</topic><topic>Soybean oil</topic><topic>Studies</topic><topic>Vegetable oils</topic><topic>Vegetables</topic><topic>Viscosity</topic><topic>Waste oil biodiesel</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Yilmaz, Nadir</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Atmanli, Alpaslan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Vigil, Francisco M.</creatorcontrib><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Aluminium Industry Abstracts</collection><collection>Biotechnology Research Abstracts</collection><collection>Ceramic Abstracts</collection><collection>Computer and Information Systems Abstracts</collection><collection>Corrosion Abstracts</collection><collection>Electronics & Communications Abstracts</collection><collection>Engineered Materials Abstracts</collection><collection>Industrial and Applied Microbiology Abstracts (Microbiology A)</collection><collection>Materials Business File</collection><collection>Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Solid State and Superconductivity Abstracts</collection><collection>METADEX</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>ANTE: Abstracts in New Technology & Engineering</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>Aerospace Database</collection><collection>Copper Technical Reference Library</collection><collection>Materials Research Database</collection><collection>ProQuest Computer Science Collection</collection><collection>Civil Engineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Advanced Technologies Database with Aerospace</collection><collection>Computer and Information Systems Abstracts Academic</collection><collection>Computer and Information Systems Abstracts Professional</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><jtitle>Fuel (Guildford)</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Yilmaz, Nadir</au><au>Atmanli, Alpaslan</au><au>Vigil, Francisco M.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Quaternary blends of diesel, biodiesel, higher alcohols and vegetable oil in a compression ignition engine</atitle><jtitle>Fuel (Guildford)</jtitle><date>2018-01-15</date><risdate>2018</risdate><volume>212</volume><spage>462</spage><epage>469</epage><pages>462-469</pages><issn>0016-2361</issn><eissn>1873-7153</eissn><abstract>[Display omitted]
•Soybean oil, waste oil biodiesel and higher alcohols are important alternative fuel resources for diesel engines.•Propanol and pentanol were added to diesel-waste oil biodiesel and soybean oil blends and tested in a diesel engine.•DBVOPen decreased BSFC values an average of 0.6%, while DBVOPro increased by 5.02%.•NOx emissions for DBVOPro and DBVOPen decreased 11.9% and 7.7%, respectively.
Vegetable oils, biodiesel and alcohols are important alternative fuel resources for diesel engines. Prominent fuels of the three types include: soybean oil which has efficient amount of productivity, biodiesel made of waste oils which do not affect food security and alcohols with high number of carbons. There is potential to use quaternary blends of diesel fuel, waste oil methyl ester, soybean oil and higher alcohols, such as propanol and pentanol, in diesel engines for the purpose of increasing the use of biofuels and decreasing fossil fuel consumption. In this work, diesel fuel (D) was mixed with biodiesel (B), and biodiesel-vegetable oil (VO)-alcohol blends using the higher alcohols of propanol (Pro) and pentanol (Pen). Test fuel blends of DB (50 vol% D-50 vol% B), DBVOPro (40 vol% D-40 vol% B-10 vol% VO-10 vol% Pro), DBVOPen (40 vol% D-40 vol% B-10 vol% VO-10 vol% Pen) were prepared through the splash blending method and tested in a diesel engine. The key fuel properties such as density, lower heating value, viscosity and cetane number were measured. Engine performance and exhaust emission tests of the blends were carried out on a four-cylinder, four-cycle diesel engine generator at various loads (0, 3, 6, 9 kW) with fixed engine speed of 1800 rpm. According to engine test results, mean brake specific fuel consumptions (BSFCs) of DBVOPro increased compared to DB and DBVOPen at all engine loads. As compared to DB blend, DBVOPro presented the best mean oxides of nitrogen (NOx) with a reduction of 11.9%. However, formation of carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrocarbon (HC) emissions have been increased with the addition of each of the higher alcohol to DB.</abstract><cop>Kidlington</cop><pub>Elsevier Ltd</pub><doi>10.1016/j.fuel.2017.10.050</doi><tpages>8</tpages></addata></record> |
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| language | eng |
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| source | Elsevier ScienceDirect Journals Complete |
| subjects | Alcohols Alternative fuels Biodiesel fuels Biofuels Calorific value Carbon monoxide Cetane number Compression Diesel Diesel engine Diesel engines Emission analysis Emission measurements Engine characteristics Engine cylinders Exhaust emission Food security Fossil fuels Fuel consumption Higher alcohol Internal combustion engines Nitrogen oxides Oil wastes Oils & fats Oxides Polymer blends Propanol Quaternary Soybean oil Studies Vegetable oils Vegetables Viscosity Waste oil biodiesel |
| title | Quaternary blends of diesel, biodiesel, higher alcohols and vegetable oil in a compression ignition engine |
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