Pharmacokinetics of rectal tramadol in postoperative paediatric patients
Postoperative analgesia in children may be improved by using tramadol. The pharmacokinetics of rectal tramadol in young children were therefore investigated. The pharmacokinetics of rectal tramadol and its active metabolite were studied in 12 young children (age: 1–6 yr) postoperatively. On the basi...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | British journal of anaesthesia : BJA 2004-08, Vol.93 (2), p.224-227 |
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| container_title | British journal of anaesthesia : BJA |
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| creator | Zwaveling, J. Bubbers, S. van Meurs, A.H.J. Schoemaker, R.C. van Heel, I. Ruijs-Dudok Vermeij, P. Burggraaf, J. |
| description | Postoperative analgesia in children may be improved by using tramadol. The pharmacokinetics of rectal tramadol in young children were therefore investigated.
The pharmacokinetics of rectal tramadol and its active metabolite were studied in 12 young children (age: 1–6 yr) postoperatively. On the basis of these data, a population model was constructed. Using this model, the pharmacokinetics of different doses of tramadol were calculated.
The pharmacokinetics of rectal tramadol could be adequately described by a one-compartment model. The pharmacokinetic parameters derived from the model indicate that a low variability was present. Elimination half-life was 4.3 (0.2) h (sem) and the apparent clearance was 16.4 (1.5) litre h−1 (sem).
The study showed that after rectal administration, tramadol is absorbed at a reasonable rate and with a low inter-individual variability in small children. The data also suggested that a rectal dose of tramadol 1.5–2.0 mg kg−1 is therapeutic. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1093/bja/aeh178 |
| format | Article |
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The pharmacokinetics of rectal tramadol and its active metabolite were studied in 12 young children (age: 1–6 yr) postoperatively. On the basis of these data, a population model was constructed. Using this model, the pharmacokinetics of different doses of tramadol were calculated.
The pharmacokinetics of rectal tramadol could be adequately described by a one-compartment model. The pharmacokinetic parameters derived from the model indicate that a low variability was present. Elimination half-life was 4.3 (0.2) h (sem) and the apparent clearance was 16.4 (1.5) litre h−1 (sem).
The study showed that after rectal administration, tramadol is absorbed at a reasonable rate and with a low inter-individual variability in small children. The data also suggested that a rectal dose of tramadol 1.5–2.0 mg kg−1 is therapeutic.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0007-0912</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1471-6771</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1093/bja/aeh178</identifier><identifier>PMID: 15169737</identifier><identifier>CODEN: BJANAD</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Oxford: Elsevier Ltd</publisher><subject>Administration, Rectal ; analgesia ; analgesia, paediatric ; analgesic administration ; analgesic administration, rectal ; analgesics opioid ; analgesics opioid, tramadol ; Analgesics, Opioid - administration & dosage ; Analgesics, Opioid - blood ; Analgesics, Opioid - pharmacokinetics ; Anesthesia ; Anesthesia. Intensive care medicine. Transfusions. Cell therapy and gene therapy ; Biological and medical sciences ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Half-Life ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Medical sciences ; Models, Biological ; paediatric ; pain ; Pain, Postoperative - blood ; Pain, Postoperative - prevention & control ; rectal ; Suppositories ; tramadol ; Tramadol - administration & dosage ; Tramadol - blood ; Tramadol - pharmacokinetics</subject><ispartof>British journal of anaesthesia : BJA, 2004-08, Vol.93 (2), p.224-227</ispartof><rights>2004 British Journal of Anaesthesia</rights><rights>The Board of Management and Trustees of the British Journal of Anaesthesia 2004 2004</rights><rights>2005 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>Copyright British Medical Association Aug 2004</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c483t-5de1573a539edf3e0606b5b3cd33c1b326b48e6903c2f3f9a8c407c8570f0b5f3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c483t-5de1573a539edf3e0606b5b3cd33c1b326b48e6903c2f3f9a8c407c8570f0b5f3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,27901,27902</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=15972914$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15169737$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Zwaveling, J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bubbers, S.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>van Meurs, A.H.J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Schoemaker, R.C.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>van Heel, I. Ruijs-Dudok</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Vermeij, P.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Burggraaf, J.</creatorcontrib><title>Pharmacokinetics of rectal tramadol in postoperative paediatric patients</title><title>British journal of anaesthesia : BJA</title><addtitle>Br. J. Anaesth</addtitle><addtitle>Br. J. Anaesth</addtitle><description>Postoperative analgesia in children may be improved by using tramadol. The pharmacokinetics of rectal tramadol in young children were therefore investigated.
The pharmacokinetics of rectal tramadol and its active metabolite were studied in 12 young children (age: 1–6 yr) postoperatively. On the basis of these data, a population model was constructed. Using this model, the pharmacokinetics of different doses of tramadol were calculated.
The pharmacokinetics of rectal tramadol could be adequately described by a one-compartment model. The pharmacokinetic parameters derived from the model indicate that a low variability was present. Elimination half-life was 4.3 (0.2) h (sem) and the apparent clearance was 16.4 (1.5) litre h−1 (sem).
The study showed that after rectal administration, tramadol is absorbed at a reasonable rate and with a low inter-individual variability in small children. The data also suggested that a rectal dose of tramadol 1.5–2.0 mg kg−1 is therapeutic.</description><subject>Administration, Rectal</subject><subject>analgesia</subject><subject>analgesia, paediatric</subject><subject>analgesic administration</subject><subject>analgesic administration, rectal</subject><subject>analgesics opioid</subject><subject>analgesics opioid, tramadol</subject><subject>Analgesics, Opioid - administration & dosage</subject><subject>Analgesics, Opioid - blood</subject><subject>Analgesics, Opioid - pharmacokinetics</subject><subject>Anesthesia</subject><subject>Anesthesia. Intensive care medicine. Transfusions. Cell therapy and gene therapy</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Child</subject><subject>Child, Preschool</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Half-Life</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Infant</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Medical sciences</subject><subject>Models, Biological</subject><subject>paediatric</subject><subject>pain</subject><subject>Pain, Postoperative - blood</subject><subject>Pain, Postoperative - prevention & control</subject><subject>rectal</subject><subject>Suppositories</subject><subject>tramadol</subject><subject>Tramadol - administration & dosage</subject><subject>Tramadol - blood</subject><subject>Tramadol - pharmacokinetics</subject><issn>0007-0912</issn><issn>1471-6771</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2004</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNp90UFrFDEUwPEgFrtWL34AGQQvwti8zWQyOcpqXaHQVhSKl_Am80Kz3Z1Mk2zRb2_KLNaDeEoOP96D_2PsFfD3wLU47Td4inQDqnvCFtAoqFul4ClbcM5VzTUsj9nzlDacg1pq-Ywdg4RWK6EWbH15g3GHNtz6kbK3qQquimQzbqsccYdD2FZ-rKaQcpgoYvb3VE1Ig8ccvS3f7GnM6QU7crhN9PLwnrDvZ5--rdb1-cXnL6sP57VtOpFrORBIJVAKTYMTxFve9rIXdhDCQi-Wbd901Gou7NIJp7GzDVe2k4o73ksnTtibee4Uw92eUjabsI9jWWlAq04C6K6gdzOyMaQUyZkp-h3GXwa4eWhmSjMzNyv49WHivt_R8EgPkQp4ewCYLG5dxNH69JfTJSs0jy7sp_8vrGfnU6affyTGW9OWfdKsr3-Yj92Zuuarr-aq-Gb2VLree4om2dLclhs8XMoMwf9rzW-flKM1</recordid><startdate>20040801</startdate><enddate>20040801</enddate><creator>Zwaveling, J.</creator><creator>Bubbers, S.</creator><creator>van Meurs, A.H.J.</creator><creator>Schoemaker, R.C.</creator><creator>van Heel, I. Ruijs-Dudok</creator><creator>Vermeij, P.</creator><creator>Burggraaf, J.</creator><general>Elsevier Ltd</general><general>Oxford University Press</general><general>Oxford Publishing Limited (England)</general><scope>6I.</scope><scope>AAFTH</scope><scope>BSCLL</scope><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>K9.</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20040801</creationdate><title>Pharmacokinetics of rectal tramadol in postoperative paediatric patients</title><author>Zwaveling, J. ; Bubbers, S. ; van Meurs, A.H.J. ; Schoemaker, R.C. ; van Heel, I. Ruijs-Dudok ; Vermeij, P. ; Burggraaf, J.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c483t-5de1573a539edf3e0606b5b3cd33c1b326b48e6903c2f3f9a8c407c8570f0b5f3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2004</creationdate><topic>Administration, Rectal</topic><topic>analgesia</topic><topic>analgesia, paediatric</topic><topic>analgesic administration</topic><topic>analgesic administration, rectal</topic><topic>analgesics opioid</topic><topic>analgesics opioid, tramadol</topic><topic>Analgesics, Opioid - administration & dosage</topic><topic>Analgesics, Opioid - blood</topic><topic>Analgesics, Opioid - pharmacokinetics</topic><topic>Anesthesia</topic><topic>Anesthesia. Intensive care medicine. Transfusions. Cell therapy and gene therapy</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>Child</topic><topic>Child, Preschool</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Half-Life</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Infant</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Medical sciences</topic><topic>Models, Biological</topic><topic>paediatric</topic><topic>pain</topic><topic>Pain, Postoperative - blood</topic><topic>Pain, Postoperative - prevention & control</topic><topic>rectal</topic><topic>Suppositories</topic><topic>tramadol</topic><topic>Tramadol - administration & dosage</topic><topic>Tramadol - blood</topic><topic>Tramadol - pharmacokinetics</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Zwaveling, J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bubbers, S.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>van Meurs, A.H.J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Schoemaker, R.C.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>van Heel, I. Ruijs-Dudok</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Vermeij, P.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Burggraaf, J.</creatorcontrib><collection>ScienceDirect Open Access Titles</collection><collection>Elsevier:ScienceDirect:Open Access</collection><collection>Istex</collection><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><jtitle>British journal of anaesthesia : BJA</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Zwaveling, J.</au><au>Bubbers, S.</au><au>van Meurs, A.H.J.</au><au>Schoemaker, R.C.</au><au>van Heel, I. Ruijs-Dudok</au><au>Vermeij, P.</au><au>Burggraaf, J.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Pharmacokinetics of rectal tramadol in postoperative paediatric patients</atitle><jtitle>British journal of anaesthesia : BJA</jtitle><stitle>Br. J. Anaesth</stitle><addtitle>Br. J. Anaesth</addtitle><date>2004-08-01</date><risdate>2004</risdate><volume>93</volume><issue>2</issue><spage>224</spage><epage>227</epage><pages>224-227</pages><issn>0007-0912</issn><eissn>1471-6771</eissn><coden>BJANAD</coden><abstract>Postoperative analgesia in children may be improved by using tramadol. The pharmacokinetics of rectal tramadol in young children were therefore investigated.
The pharmacokinetics of rectal tramadol and its active metabolite were studied in 12 young children (age: 1–6 yr) postoperatively. On the basis of these data, a population model was constructed. Using this model, the pharmacokinetics of different doses of tramadol were calculated.
The pharmacokinetics of rectal tramadol could be adequately described by a one-compartment model. The pharmacokinetic parameters derived from the model indicate that a low variability was present. Elimination half-life was 4.3 (0.2) h (sem) and the apparent clearance was 16.4 (1.5) litre h−1 (sem).
The study showed that after rectal administration, tramadol is absorbed at a reasonable rate and with a low inter-individual variability in small children. The data also suggested that a rectal dose of tramadol 1.5–2.0 mg kg−1 is therapeutic.</abstract><cop>Oxford</cop><pub>Elsevier Ltd</pub><pmid>15169737</pmid><doi>10.1093/bja/aeh178</doi><tpages>4</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Administration, Rectal analgesia analgesia, paediatric analgesic administration analgesic administration, rectal analgesics opioid analgesics opioid, tramadol Analgesics, Opioid - administration & dosage Analgesics, Opioid - blood Analgesics, Opioid - pharmacokinetics Anesthesia Anesthesia. Intensive care medicine. Transfusions. Cell therapy and gene therapy Biological and medical sciences Child Child, Preschool Female Half-Life Humans Infant Male Medical sciences Models, Biological paediatric pain Pain, Postoperative - blood Pain, Postoperative - prevention & control rectal Suppositories tramadol Tramadol - administration & dosage Tramadol - blood Tramadol - pharmacokinetics |
| title | Pharmacokinetics of rectal tramadol in postoperative paediatric patients |
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