Leadership Content Knowledge

Drawing inspiration from Shulman's (1986) construct of pedagogical content knowledge, we propose that leadership content knowledge is a missing paradigm in the analysis of school and district leadership. After defining leadership content knowledge as that knowledge of academic subjects that is used by administrators when they function as instructional leaders, we present three cases of instructional leadership-situated at different school and district levels-and examine each for evidence of leadership content knowledge in use. Based on a cross-case analysis, we argue that as administrative levels increase and functions become broader, leadership content knowledge becomes less finegrained, though always anchored in knowledge of the subject, how it is learned (by adults as well as students), and how it is taught. We go on to suggest that all administrators have solid mastery of at least one subject (and the learning and teaching of it) and that they develop expertise in other subjects by "postholing," that is, conducting in-depth explorations of an important but bounded slice of the subject, how it is learned, and how it is taught. We conclude with an exploration of how content knowledge and leadership knowledge might be intertwined and suggestions for further research.