The TUS Detector of Extreme Energy Cosmic Rays on Board the Lomonosov Satellite
The origin and nature of extreme energy cosmic rays (EECRs), which have energies above the 5 ⋅ 10 19 eV —the Greisen-Zatsepin-Kuzmin (GZK) energy limit, is one of the most interesting and complicated problems in modern cosmic-ray physics. Existing ground-based detectors have helped to obtain remarka...
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| creator | Klimov, P. A. Panasyuk, M. I. Khrenov, B. A. Garipov, G. K. Kalmykov, N. N. Petrov, V. L. Sharakin, S. A. Shirokov, A. V. Yashin, I. V. Zotov, M. Y. Biktemerova, S. V. Grinyuk, A. A. Grebenyuk, V. M. Lavrova, M. V. Tkachev, L. G. Tkachenko, A. V. Park, I. H. Lee, J. Jeong, S. Martinez, O. Salazar, H. Ponce, E. Saprykin, O. A. Botvinko, A. A. Senkovsky, A. N. Puchkov, A. E. |
| description | The origin and nature of extreme energy cosmic rays (EECRs), which have energies above the
5
⋅
10
19
eV
—the Greisen-Zatsepin-Kuzmin (GZK) energy limit, is one of the most interesting and complicated problems in modern cosmic-ray physics. Existing ground-based detectors have helped to obtain remarkable results in studying cosmic rays before and after the GZK limit, but have also produced some contradictions in our understanding of cosmic ray mass composition. Moreover, each of these detectors covers only a part of the celestial sphere, which poses problems for studying the arrival directions of EECRs and identifying their sources. As a new generation of EECR space detectors, TUS (Tracking Ultraviolet Set-up), KLYPVE and JEM-EUSO, are intended to study the most energetic cosmic-ray particles, providing larger, uniform exposures of the entire celestial sphere. The TUS detector, launched on board the Lomonosov satellite on April 28, 2016 from Vostochny Cosmodrome in Russia, is the first of these. It employs a single-mirror optical system and a photomultiplier tube matrix as a photo-detector and will test the fluorescent method of measuring EECRs from space. Utilizing the Earth’s atmosphere as a huge calorimeter, it is expected to detect EECRs with energies above
10
20
eV
.
It will also be able to register slower atmospheric transient events: atmospheric fluorescence in electrical discharges of various types including precipitating electrons escaping the magnetosphere and from the radiation of meteors passing through the atmosphere. We describe the design of the TUS detector and present results of different ground-based tests and simulations. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1007/s11214-017-0403-3 |
| format | Article |
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5
⋅
10
19
eV
—the Greisen-Zatsepin-Kuzmin (GZK) energy limit, is one of the most interesting and complicated problems in modern cosmic-ray physics. Existing ground-based detectors have helped to obtain remarkable results in studying cosmic rays before and after the GZK limit, but have also produced some contradictions in our understanding of cosmic ray mass composition. Moreover, each of these detectors covers only a part of the celestial sphere, which poses problems for studying the arrival directions of EECRs and identifying their sources. As a new generation of EECR space detectors, TUS (Tracking Ultraviolet Set-up), KLYPVE and JEM-EUSO, are intended to study the most energetic cosmic-ray particles, providing larger, uniform exposures of the entire celestial sphere. The TUS detector, launched on board the Lomonosov satellite on April 28, 2016 from Vostochny Cosmodrome in Russia, is the first of these. It employs a single-mirror optical system and a photomultiplier tube matrix as a photo-detector and will test the fluorescent method of measuring EECRs from space. Utilizing the Earth’s atmosphere as a huge calorimeter, it is expected to detect EECRs with energies above
10
20
eV
.
It will also be able to register slower atmospheric transient events: atmospheric fluorescence in electrical discharges of various types including precipitating electrons escaping the magnetosphere and from the radiation of meteors passing through the atmosphere. We describe the design of the TUS detector and present results of different ground-based tests and simulations.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0038-6308</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1572-9672</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1007/s11214-017-0403-3</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands</publisher><subject>Aerospace Technology and Astronautics ; Astrophysics and Astroparticles ; Atmosphere ; Celestial sphere ; Cosmic ray particles ; Cosmic rays ; Electric discharges ; Fluorescence ; Launching facilities ; Magnetosphere ; Magnetospheres ; Meteoroids ; Meteors ; Particle physics ; Photomultiplier tubes ; Physics ; Physics and Astronomy ; Planetology ; Radiation ; Satellites ; Sensors ; Space Exploration and Astronautics ; Space Sciences (including Extraterrestrial Physics ; The Lomonosov Mission</subject><ispartof>Space science reviews, 2017-11, Vol.212 (3-4), p.1687-1703</ispartof><rights>Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2017</rights><rights>Space Science Reviews is a copyright of Springer, 2017.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c382t-cba8a51ad498fb73e45970b56e8c209b69bbe2267ea56ee8247f2ad5d528abf73</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c382t-cba8a51ad498fb73e45970b56e8c209b69bbe2267ea56ee8247f2ad5d528abf73</cites><orcidid>0000-0001-9815-6123</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11214-017-0403-3$$EPDF$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/10.1007/s11214-017-0403-3$$EHTML$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,27901,27902,41464,42533,51294</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Klimov, P. A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Panasyuk, M. I.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Khrenov, B. A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Garipov, G. K.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kalmykov, N. N.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Petrov, V. L.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sharakin, S. A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Shirokov, A. V.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yashin, I. V.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zotov, M. Y.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Biktemerova, S. V.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Grinyuk, A. A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Grebenyuk, V. M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lavrova, M. V.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tkachev, L. G.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tkachenko, A. V.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Park, I. H.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lee, J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jeong, S.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Martinez, O.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Salazar, H.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ponce, E.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Saprykin, O. A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Botvinko, A. A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Senkovsky, A. N.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Puchkov, A. E.</creatorcontrib><title>The TUS Detector of Extreme Energy Cosmic Rays on Board the Lomonosov Satellite</title><title>Space science reviews</title><addtitle>Space Sci Rev</addtitle><description>The origin and nature of extreme energy cosmic rays (EECRs), which have energies above the
5
⋅
10
19
eV
—the Greisen-Zatsepin-Kuzmin (GZK) energy limit, is one of the most interesting and complicated problems in modern cosmic-ray physics. Existing ground-based detectors have helped to obtain remarkable results in studying cosmic rays before and after the GZK limit, but have also produced some contradictions in our understanding of cosmic ray mass composition. Moreover, each of these detectors covers only a part of the celestial sphere, which poses problems for studying the arrival directions of EECRs and identifying their sources. As a new generation of EECR space detectors, TUS (Tracking Ultraviolet Set-up), KLYPVE and JEM-EUSO, are intended to study the most energetic cosmic-ray particles, providing larger, uniform exposures of the entire celestial sphere. The TUS detector, launched on board the Lomonosov satellite on April 28, 2016 from Vostochny Cosmodrome in Russia, is the first of these. It employs a single-mirror optical system and a photomultiplier tube matrix as a photo-detector and will test the fluorescent method of measuring EECRs from space. Utilizing the Earth’s atmosphere as a huge calorimeter, it is expected to detect EECRs with energies above
10
20
eV
.
It will also be able to register slower atmospheric transient events: atmospheric fluorescence in electrical discharges of various types including precipitating electrons escaping the magnetosphere and from the radiation of meteors passing through the atmosphere. We describe the design of the TUS detector and present results of different ground-based tests and simulations.</description><subject>Aerospace Technology and Astronautics</subject><subject>Astrophysics and Astroparticles</subject><subject>Atmosphere</subject><subject>Celestial sphere</subject><subject>Cosmic ray particles</subject><subject>Cosmic rays</subject><subject>Electric discharges</subject><subject>Fluorescence</subject><subject>Launching facilities</subject><subject>Magnetosphere</subject><subject>Magnetospheres</subject><subject>Meteoroids</subject><subject>Meteors</subject><subject>Particle physics</subject><subject>Photomultiplier tubes</subject><subject>Physics</subject><subject>Physics and Astronomy</subject><subject>Planetology</subject><subject>Radiation</subject><subject>Satellites</subject><subject>Sensors</subject><subject>Space Exploration and Astronautics</subject><subject>Space Sciences (including Extraterrestrial Physics</subject><subject>The Lomonosov Mission</subject><issn>0038-6308</issn><issn>1572-9672</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2017</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><recordid>eNp1kE1LAzEURYMoWKs_wF3AdTSfk8xSa6tCoWDbdcjMvKktnUlNUrH_3hnGhRtXDy733AcHoVtG7xml-iEyxpkklGlCJRVEnKERU5qTPNP8HI0oFYZkgppLdBXjjtKe0iO0WH0AXq2X-BkSlMkH7Gs8_U4BGsDTFsLmhCc-NtsSv7tTxL7FT96FCqeOm_vGtz76L7x0Cfb7bYJrdFG7fYSb3ztG69l0NXkl88XL2-RxTkpheCJl4YxTzFUyN3WhBUiVa1qoDEzJaV5keVEA55kG12VguNQ1d5WqFDeuqLUYo7th9xD85xFisjt_DG330rJcGS4kk6JrsaFVBh9jgNoewrZx4WQZtb0BO3iznTfbe7M9wwcmdt12A-HP8r_QDzhRbys</recordid><startdate>20171101</startdate><enddate>20171101</enddate><creator>Klimov, P. 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E.</creatorcontrib><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Science Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>ProQuest SciTech Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Technology Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Sustainability</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>Advanced Technologies & Aerospace Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Technology Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Student</collection><collection>Aerospace Database</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection</collection><collection>Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts - Academic</collection><collection>Advanced Technologies Database with Aerospace</collection><collection>Science Database</collection><collection>Advanced Technologies & Aerospace Database</collection><collection>ProQuest Advanced Technologies & Aerospace Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Basic</collection><jtitle>Space science reviews</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Klimov, P. A.</au><au>Panasyuk, M. I.</au><au>Khrenov, B. A.</au><au>Garipov, G. K.</au><au>Kalmykov, N. N.</au><au>Petrov, V. L.</au><au>Sharakin, S. A.</au><au>Shirokov, A. V.</au><au>Yashin, I. V.</au><au>Zotov, M. Y.</au><au>Biktemerova, S. V.</au><au>Grinyuk, A. A.</au><au>Grebenyuk, V. M.</au><au>Lavrova, M. V.</au><au>Tkachev, L. G.</au><au>Tkachenko, A. V.</au><au>Park, I. H.</au><au>Lee, J.</au><au>Jeong, S.</au><au>Martinez, O.</au><au>Salazar, H.</au><au>Ponce, E.</au><au>Saprykin, O. A.</au><au>Botvinko, A. A.</au><au>Senkovsky, A. N.</au><au>Puchkov, A. E.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>The TUS Detector of Extreme Energy Cosmic Rays on Board the Lomonosov Satellite</atitle><jtitle>Space science reviews</jtitle><stitle>Space Sci Rev</stitle><date>2017-11-01</date><risdate>2017</risdate><volume>212</volume><issue>3-4</issue><spage>1687</spage><epage>1703</epage><pages>1687-1703</pages><issn>0038-6308</issn><eissn>1572-9672</eissn><abstract>The origin and nature of extreme energy cosmic rays (EECRs), which have energies above the
5
⋅
10
19
eV
—the Greisen-Zatsepin-Kuzmin (GZK) energy limit, is one of the most interesting and complicated problems in modern cosmic-ray physics. Existing ground-based detectors have helped to obtain remarkable results in studying cosmic rays before and after the GZK limit, but have also produced some contradictions in our understanding of cosmic ray mass composition. Moreover, each of these detectors covers only a part of the celestial sphere, which poses problems for studying the arrival directions of EECRs and identifying their sources. As a new generation of EECR space detectors, TUS (Tracking Ultraviolet Set-up), KLYPVE and JEM-EUSO, are intended to study the most energetic cosmic-ray particles, providing larger, uniform exposures of the entire celestial sphere. The TUS detector, launched on board the Lomonosov satellite on April 28, 2016 from Vostochny Cosmodrome in Russia, is the first of these. It employs a single-mirror optical system and a photomultiplier tube matrix as a photo-detector and will test the fluorescent method of measuring EECRs from space. Utilizing the Earth’s atmosphere as a huge calorimeter, it is expected to detect EECRs with energies above
10
20
eV
.
It will also be able to register slower atmospheric transient events: atmospheric fluorescence in electrical discharges of various types including precipitating electrons escaping the magnetosphere and from the radiation of meteors passing through the atmosphere. We describe the design of the TUS detector and present results of different ground-based tests and simulations.</abstract><cop>Dordrecht</cop><pub>Springer Netherlands</pub><doi>10.1007/s11214-017-0403-3</doi><tpages>17</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9815-6123</orcidid></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Aerospace Technology and Astronautics Astrophysics and Astroparticles Atmosphere Celestial sphere Cosmic ray particles Cosmic rays Electric discharges Fluorescence Launching facilities Magnetosphere Magnetospheres Meteoroids Meteors Particle physics Photomultiplier tubes Physics Physics and Astronomy Planetology Radiation Satellites Sensors Space Exploration and Astronautics Space Sciences (including Extraterrestrial Physics The Lomonosov Mission |
| title | The TUS Detector of Extreme Energy Cosmic Rays on Board the Lomonosov Satellite |
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