Green synthesis of few-layered graphene from aqueous processed graphite exfoliation for graphene thin film preparation
The development of an approach for producing a very low defect graphene with simple and green technique is essential for highly conductive graphene thin film preparation. This paper describes the preparation of graphene thin film from aqueous processed graphene dispersion using alkaline lignin (AL)...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Materials chemistry and physics 2017-06, Vol.193, p.212-219 |
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| container_title | Materials chemistry and physics |
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| creator | Saiful Badri, Muhammad Ashraf Salleh, Muhamad Mat Md Noor, Noor Far'ain Rahman, Mohd Yusri Abd Umar, Akrajas Ali |
| description | The development of an approach for producing a very low defect graphene with simple and green technique is essential for highly conductive graphene thin film preparation. This paper describes the preparation of graphene thin film from aqueous processed graphene dispersion using alkaline lignin (AL) as surfactant, a low cost route to produce high yield (0.72 ± 0.05 mg/mL) with free structural defect of graphene sheets. In this work, the cationic properties of AL adsorbed on the exfoliated graphene sheet surfaces are easily removed via centrifugation, thermal and annealing treatments so that prepared graphene thin films exhibit good electrical conductivity and defect ratio reduction. Using optimum AL solution with concentration of 0.5 mg/mL, the precursor graphite is successfully being exfoliated into few layer graphene sheets ( |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1016/j.matchemphys.2017.02.029 |
| format | Article |
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•A technique to remove alkali lignin surfactant from graphene sheets structure.•Green route to produce graphene sheets and graphene thin film without the use of toxic and hazardous chemicals.•Synthesis of low defects few layered graphene sheets to prepare highly transparent and conductive graphene thin film.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0254-0584</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1879-3312</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.matchemphys.2017.02.029</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Lausanne: Elsevier B.V</publisher><subject>Alkaline lignin surfactant ; Annealing ; Basal plane ; Conductivity ; Diffraction ; Dip coating ; Dispersion ; Electrical resistivity ; Exfoliation ; Graphene ; Graphite ; Immersion coating ; Low cost ; Low defect graphene ; Raman spectroscopy ; Sheets ; Spectrum analysis ; Studies ; Substrates ; Surfactant desorption ; Thin films ; X-rays</subject><ispartof>Materials chemistry and physics, 2017-06, Vol.193, p.212-219</ispartof><rights>2017 Elsevier B.V.</rights><rights>Copyright Elsevier BV Jun 1, 2017</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c349t-9461c0eeb60cf406652fc2019e9f9e6cb7bd980c2d4a33e9da46e0db0fef0fcd3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c349t-9461c0eeb60cf406652fc2019e9f9e6cb7bd980c2d4a33e9da46e0db0fef0fcd3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.matchemphys.2017.02.029$$EHTML$$P50$$Gelsevier$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>315,782,786,3554,27933,27934,46004</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Saiful Badri, Muhammad Ashraf</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Salleh, Muhamad Mat</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Md Noor, Noor Far'ain</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rahman, Mohd Yusri Abd</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Umar, Akrajas Ali</creatorcontrib><title>Green synthesis of few-layered graphene from aqueous processed graphite exfoliation for graphene thin film preparation</title><title>Materials chemistry and physics</title><description>The development of an approach for producing a very low defect graphene with simple and green technique is essential for highly conductive graphene thin film preparation. This paper describes the preparation of graphene thin film from aqueous processed graphene dispersion using alkaline lignin (AL) as surfactant, a low cost route to produce high yield (0.72 ± 0.05 mg/mL) with free structural defect of graphene sheets. In this work, the cationic properties of AL adsorbed on the exfoliated graphene sheet surfaces are easily removed via centrifugation, thermal and annealing treatments so that prepared graphene thin films exhibit good electrical conductivity and defect ratio reduction. Using optimum AL solution with concentration of 0.5 mg/mL, the precursor graphite is successfully being exfoliated into few layer graphene sheets (<4 layers) without significant basal plane defects as verified by XRD and Raman spectroscopy with the ratio of D band and G band intensities (ID/IG) value as low as 0.17. The mechanism of graphene dispersion formation are elucidated and thin layer of conductive graphene films are deposited onto cleaned substrates via dip coating technique. Untreated graphene thin film exhibited an electrical conductivity around 615.8 S/m at room temperature, surprisingly, the improvement of electrical conductivity as high as 5376.3 S/m is obtain after thermal and annealing treatments. The prepared graphene thin film also demonstrated a very high transparency in visible region at 550 nm (≥90%).
[Display omitted]
•A technique to remove alkali lignin surfactant from graphene sheets structure.•Green route to produce graphene sheets and graphene thin film without the use of toxic and hazardous chemicals.•Synthesis of low defects few layered graphene sheets to prepare highly transparent and conductive graphene thin film.</description><subject>Alkaline lignin surfactant</subject><subject>Annealing</subject><subject>Basal plane</subject><subject>Conductivity</subject><subject>Diffraction</subject><subject>Dip coating</subject><subject>Dispersion</subject><subject>Electrical resistivity</subject><subject>Exfoliation</subject><subject>Graphene</subject><subject>Graphite</subject><subject>Immersion coating</subject><subject>Low cost</subject><subject>Low defect graphene</subject><subject>Raman spectroscopy</subject><subject>Sheets</subject><subject>Spectrum analysis</subject><subject>Studies</subject><subject>Substrates</subject><subject>Surfactant desorption</subject><subject>Thin films</subject><subject>X-rays</subject><issn>0254-0584</issn><issn>1879-3312</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2017</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNqNUE1LxDAQDaLguvofIp5bJ2m32xxl8QsWvOg5pOnEZmmbmnRX--_NuooehYGBmffmvXmEXDJIGbDiepN2atQNdkMzhZQDW6bAY4kjMmPlUiRZxvgxmQFf5AksyvyUnIWwgQhkLJuR3b1H7GmY-rHBYAN1hhp8T1o1oceavno1NNgjNd51VL1t0W0DHbzTGMLP3o5I8cO41qrRup4a53-JY2PjxLZdZOGg_BfknJwY1Qa8-O5z8nJ3-7x6SNZP94-rm3Wis1yMicgLpgGxKkCbHIpiwY2OTwoURmChq2VVixI0r3OVZShqlRcIdQUGDRhdZ3NydbgbHUfvYZQbt_V9lJRM5FCWUYFHlDigtHcheDRy8LZTfpIM5D5muZF_Ypb7mCXwWCJyVwcuxjd2Fr0M2mKvsbYe9ShrZ_9x5RPTAJCN</recordid><startdate>20170601</startdate><enddate>20170601</enddate><creator>Saiful Badri, Muhammad Ashraf</creator><creator>Salleh, Muhamad Mat</creator><creator>Md Noor, Noor Far'ain</creator><creator>Rahman, Mohd Yusri Abd</creator><creator>Umar, Akrajas Ali</creator><general>Elsevier B.V</general><general>Elsevier BV</general><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7SR</scope><scope>7U5</scope><scope>8BQ</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>JG9</scope><scope>L7M</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20170601</creationdate><title>Green synthesis of few-layered graphene from aqueous processed graphite exfoliation for graphene thin film preparation</title><author>Saiful Badri, Muhammad Ashraf ; Salleh, Muhamad Mat ; Md Noor, Noor Far'ain ; Rahman, Mohd Yusri Abd ; Umar, Akrajas Ali</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c349t-9461c0eeb60cf406652fc2019e9f9e6cb7bd980c2d4a33e9da46e0db0fef0fcd3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2017</creationdate><topic>Alkaline lignin surfactant</topic><topic>Annealing</topic><topic>Basal plane</topic><topic>Conductivity</topic><topic>Diffraction</topic><topic>Dip coating</topic><topic>Dispersion</topic><topic>Electrical resistivity</topic><topic>Exfoliation</topic><topic>Graphene</topic><topic>Graphite</topic><topic>Immersion coating</topic><topic>Low cost</topic><topic>Low defect graphene</topic><topic>Raman spectroscopy</topic><topic>Sheets</topic><topic>Spectrum analysis</topic><topic>Studies</topic><topic>Substrates</topic><topic>Surfactant desorption</topic><topic>Thin films</topic><topic>X-rays</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Saiful Badri, Muhammad Ashraf</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Salleh, Muhamad Mat</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Md Noor, Noor Far'ain</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rahman, Mohd Yusri Abd</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Umar, Akrajas Ali</creatorcontrib><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Engineered Materials Abstracts</collection><collection>Solid State and Superconductivity Abstracts</collection><collection>METADEX</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Materials Research Database</collection><collection>Advanced Technologies Database with Aerospace</collection><jtitle>Materials chemistry and physics</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Saiful Badri, Muhammad Ashraf</au><au>Salleh, Muhamad Mat</au><au>Md Noor, Noor Far'ain</au><au>Rahman, Mohd Yusri Abd</au><au>Umar, Akrajas Ali</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Green synthesis of few-layered graphene from aqueous processed graphite exfoliation for graphene thin film preparation</atitle><jtitle>Materials chemistry and physics</jtitle><date>2017-06-01</date><risdate>2017</risdate><volume>193</volume><spage>212</spage><epage>219</epage><pages>212-219</pages><issn>0254-0584</issn><eissn>1879-3312</eissn><abstract>The development of an approach for producing a very low defect graphene with simple and green technique is essential for highly conductive graphene thin film preparation. This paper describes the preparation of graphene thin film from aqueous processed graphene dispersion using alkaline lignin (AL) as surfactant, a low cost route to produce high yield (0.72 ± 0.05 mg/mL) with free structural defect of graphene sheets. In this work, the cationic properties of AL adsorbed on the exfoliated graphene sheet surfaces are easily removed via centrifugation, thermal and annealing treatments so that prepared graphene thin films exhibit good electrical conductivity and defect ratio reduction. Using optimum AL solution with concentration of 0.5 mg/mL, the precursor graphite is successfully being exfoliated into few layer graphene sheets (<4 layers) without significant basal plane defects as verified by XRD and Raman spectroscopy with the ratio of D band and G band intensities (ID/IG) value as low as 0.17. The mechanism of graphene dispersion formation are elucidated and thin layer of conductive graphene films are deposited onto cleaned substrates via dip coating technique. Untreated graphene thin film exhibited an electrical conductivity around 615.8 S/m at room temperature, surprisingly, the improvement of electrical conductivity as high as 5376.3 S/m is obtain after thermal and annealing treatments. The prepared graphene thin film also demonstrated a very high transparency in visible region at 550 nm (≥90%).
[Display omitted]
•A technique to remove alkali lignin surfactant from graphene sheets structure.•Green route to produce graphene sheets and graphene thin film without the use of toxic and hazardous chemicals.•Synthesis of low defects few layered graphene sheets to prepare highly transparent and conductive graphene thin film.</abstract><cop>Lausanne</cop><pub>Elsevier B.V</pub><doi>10.1016/j.matchemphys.2017.02.029</doi><tpages>8</tpages></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | Materials chemistry and physics, 2017-06, Vol.193, p.212-219 |
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| language | eng |
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| subjects | Alkaline lignin surfactant Annealing Basal plane Conductivity Diffraction Dip coating Dispersion Electrical resistivity Exfoliation Graphene Graphite Immersion coating Low cost Low defect graphene Raman spectroscopy Sheets Spectrum analysis Studies Substrates Surfactant desorption Thin films X-rays |
| title | Green synthesis of few-layered graphene from aqueous processed graphite exfoliation for graphene thin film preparation |
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