Explaining White Opposition to Black Political Leadership: The Role of Fear of Racial Favoritism
Despite the election of America's first Black president, most non-Hispanic Whites continue to oppose Black political leadership. The conventional explanation for White opposition is sheer racial prejudice, yet the available empirical evidence for this theory is inconsistent. I test an alternati...
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Veröffentlicht in: | Political psychology 2017-10, Vol.38 (5), p.721-739 |
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description | Despite the election of America's first Black president, most non-Hispanic Whites continue to oppose Black political leadership. The conventional explanation for White opposition is sheer racial prejudice, yet the available empirical evidence for this theory is inconsistent. I test an alternative theory that Whites perceive Black political leaders as a threat to their group's interests. Using a new survey measure and nationally representative panel data covering the 2008, 2010, and 2012 U.S. elections, I find that a majority of Whites perceive Black elected officials as likely to favor Blacks over Whites. Moreover, fear of racial favoritism predicts support for Barack Obama in both cross-sectional models and fixed-effects models of within-person change, controlling for negative racial stereotypes. I replicate these findings using a separate cross-sectional survey fielded after the 2014 election that controls for racial resentment. Collectively, these results suggest that perceptions of conflicting group interests—and not just prejudice—drive White opposition to Black political leadership. |
doi_str_mv | 10.1111/pops.12355 |
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The conventional explanation for White opposition is sheer racial prejudice, yet the available empirical evidence for this theory is inconsistent. I test an alternative theory that Whites perceive Black political leaders as a threat to their group's interests. Using a new survey measure and nationally representative panel data covering the 2008, 2010, and 2012 U.S. elections, I find that a majority of Whites perceive Black elected officials as likely to favor Blacks over Whites. Moreover, fear of racial favoritism predicts support for Barack Obama in both cross-sectional models and fixed-effects models of within-person change, controlling for negative racial stereotypes. I replicate these findings using a separate cross-sectional survey fielded after the 2014 election that controls for racial resentment. Collectively, these results suggest that perceptions of conflicting group interests—and not just prejudice—drive White opposition to Black political leadership.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0162-895X</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1467-9221</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1111/pops.12355</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Oxford: Wiley Subscription Services, Inc</publisher><subject>African Americans ; Barack Obama ; Bias ; biracial elections ; Black people ; Black politics ; Elections ; Favoritism ; Fear & phobias ; group conflict ; Panel data ; Political leadership ; Polls & surveys ; Prejudice ; Presidents ; Public officials ; Racial stereotypes ; Resentment ; Stereotypes ; White people</subject><ispartof>Political psychology, 2017-10, Vol.38 (5), p.721-739</ispartof><rights>Copyright © 2017 International Society of Political Psychology</rights><rights>2016 International Society of Political Psychology</rights><rights>2017 International Society of Political Psychology</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c3595-6584ad87c3ea0995af316a16a17b794f0440322cfdea54104c0abc2be5f5dde93</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c3595-6584ad87c3ea0995af316a16a17b794f0440322cfdea54104c0abc2be5f5dde93</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.jstor.org/stable/pdf/45095175$$EPDF$$P50$$Gjstor$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.jstor.org/stable/45095175$$EHTML$$P50$$Gjstor$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,803,1417,27924,27925,45574,45575,58017,58250</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Goldman, Seth K.</creatorcontrib><title>Explaining White Opposition to Black Political Leadership: The Role of Fear of Racial Favoritism</title><title>Political psychology</title><description>Despite the election of America's first Black president, most non-Hispanic Whites continue to oppose Black political leadership. The conventional explanation for White opposition is sheer racial prejudice, yet the available empirical evidence for this theory is inconsistent. I test an alternative theory that Whites perceive Black political leaders as a threat to their group's interests. Using a new survey measure and nationally representative panel data covering the 2008, 2010, and 2012 U.S. elections, I find that a majority of Whites perceive Black elected officials as likely to favor Blacks over Whites. Moreover, fear of racial favoritism predicts support for Barack Obama in both cross-sectional models and fixed-effects models of within-person change, controlling for negative racial stereotypes. I replicate these findings using a separate cross-sectional survey fielded after the 2014 election that controls for racial resentment. Collectively, these results suggest that perceptions of conflicting group interests—and not just prejudice—drive White opposition to Black political leadership.</description><subject>African Americans</subject><subject>Barack Obama</subject><subject>Bias</subject><subject>biracial elections</subject><subject>Black people</subject><subject>Black politics</subject><subject>Elections</subject><subject>Favoritism</subject><subject>Fear & phobias</subject><subject>group conflict</subject><subject>Panel data</subject><subject>Political leadership</subject><subject>Polls & surveys</subject><subject>Prejudice</subject><subject>Presidents</subject><subject>Public officials</subject><subject>Racial stereotypes</subject><subject>Resentment</subject><subject>Stereotypes</subject><subject>White people</subject><issn>0162-895X</issn><issn>1467-9221</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2017</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>7UB</sourceid><recordid>eNp9kEFLAzEQhYMoWKsX70LAm7A12SS7jTctrQqFllrRW0yzWZu6NjHZqv33Zl316PBgYPjePHgAHGPUw3HOnXWhh1PC2A7oYJrlCU9TvAs6CGdp0ufscR8chLBCCOVRHfA0_HSVNGuzfoYPS1NrOHHOBlMbu4a1hVeVVC9waqt4UbKCYy0L7cPSuAs4X2o4s5WGtoQjLX2zZ1KZiI3ku_XREl4PwV4pq6CPfnYX3I-G88FNMp5c3w4ux4kijLMkY30qi36uiJaIcyZLgjPZKF_knJaIUkTSVJWFloxiRBWSC5UuNCtZUWhOuuC0_eu8fdvoUIuV3fh1jBSYU4RJTMgiddZSytsQvC6F8-ZV-q3ASDQNiqZB8d1ghHELf5hKb_8hxXQyvfv1nLSeVait__NQhjjDOSNf7fB9Fg</recordid><startdate>20171001</startdate><enddate>20171001</enddate><creator>Goldman, Seth K.</creator><general>Wiley Subscription Services, Inc</general><general>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</general><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7UB</scope><scope>8BJ</scope><scope>FQK</scope><scope>JBE</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20171001</creationdate><title>Explaining White Opposition to Black Political Leadership: The Role of Fear of Racial Favoritism</title><author>Goldman, Seth K.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c3595-6584ad87c3ea0995af316a16a17b794f0440322cfdea54104c0abc2be5f5dde93</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2017</creationdate><topic>African Americans</topic><topic>Barack Obama</topic><topic>Bias</topic><topic>biracial elections</topic><topic>Black people</topic><topic>Black politics</topic><topic>Elections</topic><topic>Favoritism</topic><topic>Fear & phobias</topic><topic>group conflict</topic><topic>Panel data</topic><topic>Political leadership</topic><topic>Polls & surveys</topic><topic>Prejudice</topic><topic>Presidents</topic><topic>Public officials</topic><topic>Racial stereotypes</topic><topic>Resentment</topic><topic>Stereotypes</topic><topic>White people</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Goldman, Seth K.</creatorcontrib><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Worldwide Political Science Abstracts</collection><collection>International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS)</collection><collection>International Bibliography of the Social Sciences</collection><collection>International Bibliography of the Social Sciences</collection><jtitle>Political psychology</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Goldman, Seth K.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Explaining White Opposition to Black Political Leadership: The Role of Fear of Racial Favoritism</atitle><jtitle>Political psychology</jtitle><date>2017-10-01</date><risdate>2017</risdate><volume>38</volume><issue>5</issue><spage>721</spage><epage>739</epage><pages>721-739</pages><issn>0162-895X</issn><eissn>1467-9221</eissn><abstract>Despite the election of America's first Black president, most non-Hispanic Whites continue to oppose Black political leadership. The conventional explanation for White opposition is sheer racial prejudice, yet the available empirical evidence for this theory is inconsistent. I test an alternative theory that Whites perceive Black political leaders as a threat to their group's interests. Using a new survey measure and nationally representative panel data covering the 2008, 2010, and 2012 U.S. elections, I find that a majority of Whites perceive Black elected officials as likely to favor Blacks over Whites. Moreover, fear of racial favoritism predicts support for Barack Obama in both cross-sectional models and fixed-effects models of within-person change, controlling for negative racial stereotypes. I replicate these findings using a separate cross-sectional survey fielded after the 2014 election that controls for racial resentment. Collectively, these results suggest that perceptions of conflicting group interests—and not just prejudice—drive White opposition to Black political leadership.</abstract><cop>Oxford</cop><pub>Wiley Subscription Services, Inc</pub><doi>10.1111/pops.12355</doi><tpages>19</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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subjects | African Americans Barack Obama Bias biracial elections Black people Black politics Elections Favoritism Fear & phobias group conflict Panel data Political leadership Polls & surveys Prejudice Presidents Public officials Racial stereotypes Resentment Stereotypes White people |
title | Explaining White Opposition to Black Political Leadership: The Role of Fear of Racial Favoritism |
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