Initial stage of mechanochemical synthesis in the Ti-C exothermic system
Nanocrystalline titanium carbide is obtained by mechanochemical synthesis in a planetary ball mill AGO-2S from a powder mixture Ti(50)C(50) (at %) of titanium and graphite. Either gradual or abrupt reaction occurs, depending on the power intensity of the mill. The critical power intensity for the tr...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Bulletin of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Physics 2011-11, Vol.75 (11), p.1427-1434 |
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| container_title | Bulletin of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Physics |
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| creator | Dorofeev, G. A. Ladjanov, V. I. Lubnin, A. N. Gilmutdinov, F. Z. Kuzminykh, E. V. Ivanov, S. M. |
| description | Nanocrystalline titanium carbide is obtained by mechanochemical synthesis in a planetary ball mill AGO-2S from a powder mixture Ti(50)C(50) (at %) of titanium and graphite. Either gradual or abrupt reaction occurs, depending on the power intensity of the mill. The critical power intensity for the transition from the gradual to abrupt kinetics is found. By X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and temperature monitoring, it is shown that the state of Ti-C system directly before the beginning of the reaction is identical irrespective of the subsequent kinetics of mechanosynthesis. This state is characterized by the nanocrystalline structure of titanium (grain size, ∼20 nm), no reflexes of graphite, the presence of a diffuse halo in X-ray diffractograms, and the presence of chemical interatomic Ti-C type bonds. The doses of mechanical energy necessary for the beginnings of both gradual and abrupt reactions are equal and do not depend on the power intensity of the mill. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.3103/S1062873811110086 |
| format | Article |
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A. ; Ladjanov, V. I. ; Lubnin, A. N. ; Gilmutdinov, F. Z. ; Kuzminykh, E. V. ; Ivanov, S. M.</creator><creatorcontrib>Dorofeev, G. A. ; Ladjanov, V. I. ; Lubnin, A. N. ; Gilmutdinov, F. Z. ; Kuzminykh, E. V. ; Ivanov, S. M.</creatorcontrib><description>Nanocrystalline titanium carbide is obtained by mechanochemical synthesis in a planetary ball mill AGO-2S from a powder mixture Ti(50)C(50) (at %) of titanium and graphite. Either gradual or abrupt reaction occurs, depending on the power intensity of the mill. The critical power intensity for the transition from the gradual to abrupt kinetics is found. By X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and temperature monitoring, it is shown that the state of Ti-C system directly before the beginning of the reaction is identical irrespective of the subsequent kinetics of mechanosynthesis. This state is characterized by the nanocrystalline structure of titanium (grain size, ∼20 nm), no reflexes of graphite, the presence of a diffuse halo in X-ray diffractograms, and the presence of chemical interatomic Ti-C type bonds. The doses of mechanical energy necessary for the beginnings of both gradual and abrupt reactions are equal and do not depend on the power intensity of the mill.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1062-8738</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1934-9432</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.3103/S1062873811110086</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Heidelberg: Allerton Press, Inc</publisher><subject>Chemical bonds ; Exothermic reactions ; Graphite ; Hadrons ; Heavy Ions ; Nanocrystals ; Nuclear Physics ; Photoelectron spectroscopy ; Physics ; Physics and Astronomy ; Proceedings of the 9th All-Russia Conference “Physicochemistry of Superdispersed Nanosystems” ; Reaction kinetics ; Reflexes ; Synthesis ; Titanium ; Titanium carbide ; X-ray diffraction ; X-rays</subject><ispartof>Bulletin of the Russian Academy of Sciences. 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By X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and temperature monitoring, it is shown that the state of Ti-C system directly before the beginning of the reaction is identical irrespective of the subsequent kinetics of mechanosynthesis. This state is characterized by the nanocrystalline structure of titanium (grain size, ∼20 nm), no reflexes of graphite, the presence of a diffuse halo in X-ray diffractograms, and the presence of chemical interatomic Ti-C type bonds. The doses of mechanical energy necessary for the beginnings of both gradual and abrupt reactions are equal and do not depend on the power intensity of the mill.</description><subject>Chemical bonds</subject><subject>Exothermic reactions</subject><subject>Graphite</subject><subject>Hadrons</subject><subject>Heavy Ions</subject><subject>Nanocrystals</subject><subject>Nuclear Physics</subject><subject>Photoelectron spectroscopy</subject><subject>Physics</subject><subject>Physics and Astronomy</subject><subject>Proceedings of the 9th All-Russia Conference “Physicochemistry of Superdispersed Nanosystems”</subject><subject>Reaction kinetics</subject><subject>Reflexes</subject><subject>Synthesis</subject><subject>Titanium</subject><subject>Titanium carbide</subject><subject>X-ray diffraction</subject><subject>X-rays</subject><issn>1062-8738</issn><issn>1934-9432</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2011</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><recordid>eNp1kE9LAzEQxYMoWKsfwFvA82r-bTY5SlFbKHiwnpfsdtJN6e7WZAv22ztlPRTEucyD93szyRByz9mj5Ew-fXCmhSmk4ViMGX1BJtxKlVklxSVqtLOTf01uUtoyludW5BMyX3RhCG5H0-A2QHtPW6gb1_V1A22oT8axGxpIIdHQUVR0FbIZhe8edUQEgTRAe0uuvNsluPvtU_L5-rKazbPl-9ti9rzMaiG5zhQIx7QGIwotvdSF4c6CtWt8Mq_cWoFmtvBQ5R6ELWzF1pXOuXFWe20Yk1PyMM7dx_7rAGkot_0hdriyxP9yZY1SAik-UnXsU4rgy30MrYvHkrPydLDyz8EwI8ZMQrbbQDyb_G_oB-oIa0c</recordid><startdate>201111</startdate><enddate>201111</enddate><creator>Dorofeev, G. 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Physics</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Dorofeev, G. A.</au><au>Ladjanov, V. I.</au><au>Lubnin, A. N.</au><au>Gilmutdinov, F. Z.</au><au>Kuzminykh, E. V.</au><au>Ivanov, S. M.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Initial stage of mechanochemical synthesis in the Ti-C exothermic system</atitle><jtitle>Bulletin of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Physics</jtitle><stitle>Bull. Russ. Acad. Sci. Phys</stitle><date>2011-11</date><risdate>2011</risdate><volume>75</volume><issue>11</issue><spage>1427</spage><epage>1434</epage><pages>1427-1434</pages><issn>1062-8738</issn><eissn>1934-9432</eissn><abstract>Nanocrystalline titanium carbide is obtained by mechanochemical synthesis in a planetary ball mill AGO-2S from a powder mixture Ti(50)C(50) (at %) of titanium and graphite. Either gradual or abrupt reaction occurs, depending on the power intensity of the mill. The critical power intensity for the transition from the gradual to abrupt kinetics is found. By X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and temperature monitoring, it is shown that the state of Ti-C system directly before the beginning of the reaction is identical irrespective of the subsequent kinetics of mechanosynthesis. This state is characterized by the nanocrystalline structure of titanium (grain size, ∼20 nm), no reflexes of graphite, the presence of a diffuse halo in X-ray diffractograms, and the presence of chemical interatomic Ti-C type bonds. The doses of mechanical energy necessary for the beginnings of both gradual and abrupt reactions are equal and do not depend on the power intensity of the mill.</abstract><cop>Heidelberg</cop><pub>Allerton Press, Inc</pub><doi>10.3103/S1062873811110086</doi><tpages>8</tpages></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Chemical bonds Exothermic reactions Graphite Hadrons Heavy Ions Nanocrystals Nuclear Physics Photoelectron spectroscopy Physics Physics and Astronomy Proceedings of the 9th All-Russia Conference “Physicochemistry of Superdispersed Nanosystems” Reaction kinetics Reflexes Synthesis Titanium Titanium carbide X-ray diffraction X-rays |
| title | Initial stage of mechanochemical synthesis in the Ti-C exothermic system |
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