Morphology, Mineralogy and Mixing of Individual Atmospheric Particles Over Kanpur (IGP): Relevance of Homogeneous Equivalent Sphere Approximation in Radiative Models
Estimation of the direct radiative forcing (DRF) by atmospheric particles is uncertain to a large extent owing to uncertainties in their morphology (shape and size), mixing states, and chemical composition. A region-specific database of the aforementioned physico-chemical properties (at individual p...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | MĀPAN : journal of Metrology Society of India 2017-09, Vol.32 (3), p.229-241 |
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| creator | Mishra, Sumit K. Saha, Nabanita Singh, S. Sharma, Chhemendra Prasad, M. V. S. N. Gautam, Sachin Misra, Amit Gaur, Abhishek Bhattu, Deepika Ghosh, Subhasish Dwivedi, Anubhav Dalai, Rosalin Paul, Debajyoti Gupta, Tarun Tripathi, Sachchida N. Kotnala, R. K. |
| description | Estimation of the direct radiative forcing (DRF) by atmospheric particles is uncertain to a large extent owing to uncertainties in their morphology (shape and size), mixing states, and chemical composition. A region-specific database of the aforementioned physico-chemical properties (at individual particle level) is necessary to improve numerically-estimated optical and radiative properties. Till date, there is no detailed observation of the above mentioned properties over Kanpur in the Indo-Gangetic Plain (IGP). To fill this gap, an experiment was carried out at Kanpur (IITK; 26.52°N, 80.23°E, 142 m msl), India from April to July, 2011. Particle types broadly classified as (a) Cu-rich particles mixed with carbon and sulphur (b) dust and clays mixed with carbonaceous species (c) Fe-rich particles mixed with carbon and sulfur and (d) calcite (CaCO
3
) particles aged with nitrate, were observed. The frequency distributions of aspect ratio (AR; indicator of extent of particle non-sphericity) of total 708 particles from April to June reveal that particles with aspect ratio range >1.2 to ≤1.4 were abundant throughout the experiment except during June when it was found to shift to high AR range, >1.4 to ≤1.6 (followed with another peak of AR i.e. >2 to ≤2.4) due to dust storm conditions enhancing the occurrence of more non-spherical particles over the sampling site. The spherical particles (and close to spherical shape; AR range, 1.0 to ≤1.2) were found to be |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1007/s12647-017-0215-7 |
| format | Article |
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3
) particles aged with nitrate, were observed. The frequency distributions of aspect ratio (AR; indicator of extent of particle non-sphericity) of total 708 particles from April to June reveal that particles with aspect ratio range >1.2 to ≤1.4 were abundant throughout the experiment except during June when it was found to shift to high AR range, >1.4 to ≤1.6 (followed with another peak of AR i.e. >2 to ≤2.4) due to dust storm conditions enhancing the occurrence of more non-spherical particles over the sampling site. The spherical particles (and close to spherical shape; AR range, 1.0 to ≤1.2) were found to be <20% throughout the experiment with a minimum (11.5%) during June. Consideration of Homogeneous Equivalent Sphere Approximation (HESA) in the optical/radiative model over the study region is found to be irrelevant during the campaign.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0970-3950</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 0974-9853</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1007/s12647-017-0215-7</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>New Delhi: Springer India</publisher><subject>Approximation ; Aspect ratio ; Atmospheric models ; Calcite ; Calcium carbonate ; Chemical composition ; Chemical properties ; Clay ; Dust storms ; Equivalence ; Experiments ; Mathematical analysis ; Mathematical and Computational Physics ; Mathematical Methods in Physics ; Measurement Science and Instrumentation ; Mineralogy ; Morphology ; Numerical and Computational Physics ; Optical properties ; Original Paper ; Physics ; Physics and Astronomy ; Radiative forcing ; Shape ; Simulation ; Sulfur ; Theoretical</subject><ispartof>MĀPAN : journal of Metrology Society of India, 2017-09, Vol.32 (3), p.229-241</ispartof><rights>Metrology Society of India 2017</rights><rights>Copyright Springer Science & Business Media 2017</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c316t-a6ceb45d0068c9e50d7d30c49bdb11f9f3af8f58a3f12e4c069b4fa1a55895a53</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c316t-a6ceb45d0068c9e50d7d30c49bdb11f9f3af8f58a3f12e4c069b4fa1a55895a53</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s12647-017-0215-7$$EPDF$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/10.1007/s12647-017-0215-7$$EHTML$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,27901,27902,41464,42533,51294</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Mishra, Sumit K.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Saha, Nabanita</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Singh, S.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sharma, Chhemendra</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Prasad, M. V. S. N.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gautam, Sachin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Misra, Amit</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gaur, Abhishek</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bhattu, Deepika</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ghosh, Subhasish</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dwivedi, Anubhav</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dalai, Rosalin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Paul, Debajyoti</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gupta, Tarun</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tripathi, Sachchida N.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kotnala, R. K.</creatorcontrib><title>Morphology, Mineralogy and Mixing of Individual Atmospheric Particles Over Kanpur (IGP): Relevance of Homogeneous Equivalent Sphere Approximation in Radiative Models</title><title>MĀPAN : journal of Metrology Society of India</title><addtitle>MAPAN</addtitle><description>Estimation of the direct radiative forcing (DRF) by atmospheric particles is uncertain to a large extent owing to uncertainties in their morphology (shape and size), mixing states, and chemical composition. A region-specific database of the aforementioned physico-chemical properties (at individual particle level) is necessary to improve numerically-estimated optical and radiative properties. Till date, there is no detailed observation of the above mentioned properties over Kanpur in the Indo-Gangetic Plain (IGP). To fill this gap, an experiment was carried out at Kanpur (IITK; 26.52°N, 80.23°E, 142 m msl), India from April to July, 2011. Particle types broadly classified as (a) Cu-rich particles mixed with carbon and sulphur (b) dust and clays mixed with carbonaceous species (c) Fe-rich particles mixed with carbon and sulfur and (d) calcite (CaCO
3
) particles aged with nitrate, were observed. The frequency distributions of aspect ratio (AR; indicator of extent of particle non-sphericity) of total 708 particles from April to June reveal that particles with aspect ratio range >1.2 to ≤1.4 were abundant throughout the experiment except during June when it was found to shift to high AR range, >1.4 to ≤1.6 (followed with another peak of AR i.e. >2 to ≤2.4) due to dust storm conditions enhancing the occurrence of more non-spherical particles over the sampling site. The spherical particles (and close to spherical shape; AR range, 1.0 to ≤1.2) were found to be <20% throughout the experiment with a minimum (11.5%) during June. Consideration of Homogeneous Equivalent Sphere Approximation (HESA) in the optical/radiative model over the study region is found to be irrelevant during the campaign.</description><subject>Approximation</subject><subject>Aspect ratio</subject><subject>Atmospheric models</subject><subject>Calcite</subject><subject>Calcium carbonate</subject><subject>Chemical composition</subject><subject>Chemical properties</subject><subject>Clay</subject><subject>Dust storms</subject><subject>Equivalence</subject><subject>Experiments</subject><subject>Mathematical analysis</subject><subject>Mathematical and Computational Physics</subject><subject>Mathematical Methods in Physics</subject><subject>Measurement Science and Instrumentation</subject><subject>Mineralogy</subject><subject>Morphology</subject><subject>Numerical and Computational Physics</subject><subject>Optical properties</subject><subject>Original Paper</subject><subject>Physics</subject><subject>Physics and Astronomy</subject><subject>Radiative forcing</subject><subject>Shape</subject><subject>Simulation</subject><subject>Sulfur</subject><subject>Theoretical</subject><issn>0970-3950</issn><issn>0974-9853</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2017</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNp1UU1LxDAQLaLg5w_wFvCiYDVpm7bxtix-LLoofpxDNpmskW5Sk7boD_J_mroevHgYZh6892aGlySHBJ8RjKvzQLKyqFJMYmWEptVGsoNZVaSspvnmz4zTnFG8neyG8IZxWWPGdpKvufPtq2vc8vMUzY0FL8YZCasi_DB2iZxGM6vMYFQvGjTpVi60r-CNRA_Cd0Y2END9AB7dCtv2Hh3Prh9OLtAjNDAIK2E0uHErtwQLrg_o8r03g2jAduhpNAI0aVvvPsxKdMZZZCx6FMpEMACaOwVN2E-2tGgCHPz2veTl6vJ5epPe3V_PppO7VOak7FJRSlgUVI3fSQYUq0rlWBZsoRaEaKZzoWtNa5FrkkEhcckWhRZEUFozKmi-lxytfeM97z2Ejr-53tu4khOWsTrHZTGyyJolvQvBg-atj8f7T04wH9Pg6zR4TIOPafAqarK1JkSuXYL_4_yv6Bt9zI_-</recordid><startdate>20170901</startdate><enddate>20170901</enddate><creator>Mishra, Sumit K.</creator><creator>Saha, Nabanita</creator><creator>Singh, S.</creator><creator>Sharma, Chhemendra</creator><creator>Prasad, M. 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N. ; Gautam, Sachin ; Misra, Amit ; Gaur, Abhishek ; Bhattu, Deepika ; Ghosh, Subhasish ; Dwivedi, Anubhav ; Dalai, Rosalin ; Paul, Debajyoti ; Gupta, Tarun ; Tripathi, Sachchida N. ; Kotnala, R. 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V. S. N.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gautam, Sachin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Misra, Amit</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gaur, Abhishek</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bhattu, Deepika</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ghosh, Subhasish</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dwivedi, Anubhav</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dalai, Rosalin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Paul, Debajyoti</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gupta, Tarun</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tripathi, Sachchida N.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kotnala, R. K.</creatorcontrib><collection>CrossRef</collection><jtitle>MĀPAN : journal of Metrology Society of India</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Mishra, Sumit K.</au><au>Saha, Nabanita</au><au>Singh, S.</au><au>Sharma, Chhemendra</au><au>Prasad, M. V. S. N.</au><au>Gautam, Sachin</au><au>Misra, Amit</au><au>Gaur, Abhishek</au><au>Bhattu, Deepika</au><au>Ghosh, Subhasish</au><au>Dwivedi, Anubhav</au><au>Dalai, Rosalin</au><au>Paul, Debajyoti</au><au>Gupta, Tarun</au><au>Tripathi, Sachchida N.</au><au>Kotnala, R. K.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Morphology, Mineralogy and Mixing of Individual Atmospheric Particles Over Kanpur (IGP): Relevance of Homogeneous Equivalent Sphere Approximation in Radiative Models</atitle><jtitle>MĀPAN : journal of Metrology Society of India</jtitle><stitle>MAPAN</stitle><date>2017-09-01</date><risdate>2017</risdate><volume>32</volume><issue>3</issue><spage>229</spage><epage>241</epage><pages>229-241</pages><issn>0970-3950</issn><eissn>0974-9853</eissn><abstract>Estimation of the direct radiative forcing (DRF) by atmospheric particles is uncertain to a large extent owing to uncertainties in their morphology (shape and size), mixing states, and chemical composition. A region-specific database of the aforementioned physico-chemical properties (at individual particle level) is necessary to improve numerically-estimated optical and radiative properties. Till date, there is no detailed observation of the above mentioned properties over Kanpur in the Indo-Gangetic Plain (IGP). To fill this gap, an experiment was carried out at Kanpur (IITK; 26.52°N, 80.23°E, 142 m msl), India from April to July, 2011. Particle types broadly classified as (a) Cu-rich particles mixed with carbon and sulphur (b) dust and clays mixed with carbonaceous species (c) Fe-rich particles mixed with carbon and sulfur and (d) calcite (CaCO
3
) particles aged with nitrate, were observed. The frequency distributions of aspect ratio (AR; indicator of extent of particle non-sphericity) of total 708 particles from April to June reveal that particles with aspect ratio range >1.2 to ≤1.4 were abundant throughout the experiment except during June when it was found to shift to high AR range, >1.4 to ≤1.6 (followed with another peak of AR i.e. >2 to ≤2.4) due to dust storm conditions enhancing the occurrence of more non-spherical particles over the sampling site. The spherical particles (and close to spherical shape; AR range, 1.0 to ≤1.2) were found to be <20% throughout the experiment with a minimum (11.5%) during June. Consideration of Homogeneous Equivalent Sphere Approximation (HESA) in the optical/radiative model over the study region is found to be irrelevant during the campaign.</abstract><cop>New Delhi</cop><pub>Springer India</pub><doi>10.1007/s12647-017-0215-7</doi><tpages>13</tpages></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Approximation Aspect ratio Atmospheric models Calcite Calcium carbonate Chemical composition Chemical properties Clay Dust storms Equivalence Experiments Mathematical analysis Mathematical and Computational Physics Mathematical Methods in Physics Measurement Science and Instrumentation Mineralogy Morphology Numerical and Computational Physics Optical properties Original Paper Physics Physics and Astronomy Radiative forcing Shape Simulation Sulfur Theoretical |
| title | Morphology, Mineralogy and Mixing of Individual Atmospheric Particles Over Kanpur (IGP): Relevance of Homogeneous Equivalent Sphere Approximation in Radiative Models |
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