Client-centredness of government primary health-care services in the Gaza Strip, occupied Palestinian territory: a cross-sectional study

Client-centred services respond to clients' needs and involve them in the provision of health-care services to achieve improved health outcomes. We aimed to assess the extent to which governmental primary health-care services in the Gaza Strip are client-centred, from the clients' perspect...

Ausführliche Beschreibung

Gespeichert in:
Bibliographische Detailangaben
Veröffentlicht in:The Lancet (British edition) 2017-08, Vol.390, p.S35-S35
Hauptverfasser: Anan, Huda H, Hamad, Bassam A
Format: Artikel
Sprache:eng
Schlagworte:
Online-Zugang:Volltext
Tags: Tag hinzufügen
Keine Tags, Fügen Sie den ersten Tag hinzu!
container_end_page S35
container_issue
container_start_page S35
container_title The Lancet (British edition)
container_volume 390
creator Anan, Huda H
Hamad, Bassam A
description Client-centred services respond to clients' needs and involve them in the provision of health-care services to achieve improved health outcomes. We aimed to assess the extent to which governmental primary health-care services in the Gaza Strip are client-centred, from the clients' perspectives. Five themes representative of clients' centredness were identified: accessibility, delivery of health-care services, involvement, clients, and clinics characteristics variables (included the clinic level (levels 2–4) according to the Palestinian Ministry Of Health's classification of clinics according to the number of staff, type of services provided, and other factors; location in the Gaza Strip [north, Gaza, middle area, Khanyounis, Rafah]; availability of a community committee which holds meetings once per year between the community and the clinic staff). Every theme has subthemes and related items. A self-administered questionnaire was developed by the author, and reviewed by ten experts. The study questionnaire showed high internal consistency (α=0·9). Through exit interviews, randomly selected clients completed the study questionnaire between Oct 1, 2010, and Dec 30, 2010. We used SPSS (version 13). The questions had its scores that were compared and analysed (eg, if one question has three answers: yes [score of 2], intermediate [score of 1], or no [score of 0]). We invited 300 clients to participate (response rate 91%). Clients' perspectives were positive regarding most of the accessibility subthemes except the accessibility to drugs; 35% (88 of 252) of clients reported shortages of drugs at the clinics. For the service delivery theme, the subthemes of waiting time (71·2% [195 of 274]), contact time (70·9% [188 of 264]), and quality of basic amenities were perceived positively by the clients (80·17%; in which 100% was the best score). Only 35% (70 of 273) of clients reported involvement in planning their own treatment plans. About 67% (181 of 269) of clients reported that the availability of drugs was the main factor to show the perceived quality of care of a health facility, followed by respect from the health provider personnel (46%, 125 clients). Further analysis was done to compare the overall scores of selected subthemes that illustrate the clients-centredness' of services (ie, choice, respect, communication, and involvement in planning) between clinics' characteristic variables. Significant differences in scores were reported between level 4 and level 2
doi_str_mv 10.1016/S0140-6736(17)32036-6
format Article
fullrecord <record><control><sourceid>proquest_cross</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_proquest_journals_1925901854</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><els_id>S0140673617320366</els_id><sourcerecordid>1925901854</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c1304-d159a52923e85bc9f3b0fc8e840f02a92326ead3046fb23d2960bd3e3d8253ec3</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNqFkM9KAzEQh4MoWKuPIAS8KBjNn01214tI0SoICip4C2kya1PWTU22hfoEPraxFa9eZmD4ZvjNh9Aho2eMMnX-RFlBiSqFOmblieBUKKK20IAVZUFkUb5uo8Efsov2UppRSgtF5QB9jVoPXU9sLhFcBynh0OC3sITYvechnkf_buIKT8G0_ZRYEwEniEtvIWHf4X4KeGw-DX7qo5-f4mDtYu7B4UfTQup9502GIEbfh7i6wAbbGFIiCWzvQ2danPqFW-2jnca0CQ5--xC93Fw_j27J_cP4bnR1TywTtCCOydpIXnMBlZzYuhET2tgKqoI2lJs85wqMy6hqJlw4Xis6cQKEq7gUYMUQHW3uzmP4WOSAehYWMcdImtVc1pRVssiU3FDrrBEa_atBM6p_pOu1dP1jVLNSr6VrlfcuN3uQX1h6iDrZ7NeC8zH_q13w_1z4Bp2ai4k</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Aggregation Database</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>1925901854</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Client-centredness of government primary health-care services in the Gaza Strip, occupied Palestinian territory: a cross-sectional study</title><source>Elsevier ScienceDirect Journals</source><source>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</source><creator>Anan, Huda H ; Hamad, Bassam A</creator><creatorcontrib>Anan, Huda H ; Hamad, Bassam A</creatorcontrib><description>Client-centred services respond to clients' needs and involve them in the provision of health-care services to achieve improved health outcomes. We aimed to assess the extent to which governmental primary health-care services in the Gaza Strip are client-centred, from the clients' perspectives. Five themes representative of clients' centredness were identified: accessibility, delivery of health-care services, involvement, clients, and clinics characteristics variables (included the clinic level (levels 2–4) according to the Palestinian Ministry Of Health's classification of clinics according to the number of staff, type of services provided, and other factors; location in the Gaza Strip [north, Gaza, middle area, Khanyounis, Rafah]; availability of a community committee which holds meetings once per year between the community and the clinic staff). Every theme has subthemes and related items. A self-administered questionnaire was developed by the author, and reviewed by ten experts. The study questionnaire showed high internal consistency (α=0·9). Through exit interviews, randomly selected clients completed the study questionnaire between Oct 1, 2010, and Dec 30, 2010. We used SPSS (version 13). The questions had its scores that were compared and analysed (eg, if one question has three answers: yes [score of 2], intermediate [score of 1], or no [score of 0]). We invited 300 clients to participate (response rate 91%). Clients' perspectives were positive regarding most of the accessibility subthemes except the accessibility to drugs; 35% (88 of 252) of clients reported shortages of drugs at the clinics. For the service delivery theme, the subthemes of waiting time (71·2% [195 of 274]), contact time (70·9% [188 of 264]), and quality of basic amenities were perceived positively by the clients (80·17%; in which 100% was the best score). Only 35% (70 of 273) of clients reported involvement in planning their own treatment plans. About 67% (181 of 269) of clients reported that the availability of drugs was the main factor to show the perceived quality of care of a health facility, followed by respect from the health provider personnel (46%, 125 clients). Further analysis was done to compare the overall scores of selected subthemes that illustrate the clients-centredness' of services (ie, choice, respect, communication, and involvement in planning) between clinics' characteristic variables. Significant differences in scores were reported between level 4 and level 2 or 3 clinics (choice, p=0·015, communication, p=0·002, involvement in planning, p=0·029), and clinics that did frequent meetings with community members and clinics that not (respect, communication, and involvement in planning p=0·01). Increased involvement of beneficiaries in the delivery of health care promotes clients' centredness. Promotion of interactions between health-care providers and clients, increasing confidentiality and privacy, and ensuring the availability of essential drugs all positively affect clients' perspectives about health services. A limitation of our study is that it did not include the clients who did not present to the identified clinics, who might have different perspectives than the included clients None.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0140-6736</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1474-547X</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(17)32036-6</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>London: Elsevier Ltd</publisher><subject>Accessibility ; Availability ; Classification ; Clients ; Communities ; Cross-sectional studies ; Data collection ; Drug delivery systems ; Drugs ; Health care ; Health care facilities ; Health services ; Identification methods ; Meetings ; Promotion ; Reviews ; Shortages ; Territory</subject><ispartof>The Lancet (British edition), 2017-08, Vol.390, p.S35-S35</ispartof><rights>2017 Elsevier Ltd</rights><rights>Copyright Elsevier Limited Aug 1, 2017</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.proquest.com/docview/1925901854?pq-origsite=primo$$EHTML$$P50$$Gproquest$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,3536,27903,27904,45974,64362,64366,72216</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Anan, Huda H</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hamad, Bassam A</creatorcontrib><title>Client-centredness of government primary health-care services in the Gaza Strip, occupied Palestinian territory: a cross-sectional study</title><title>The Lancet (British edition)</title><description>Client-centred services respond to clients' needs and involve them in the provision of health-care services to achieve improved health outcomes. We aimed to assess the extent to which governmental primary health-care services in the Gaza Strip are client-centred, from the clients' perspectives. Five themes representative of clients' centredness were identified: accessibility, delivery of health-care services, involvement, clients, and clinics characteristics variables (included the clinic level (levels 2–4) according to the Palestinian Ministry Of Health's classification of clinics according to the number of staff, type of services provided, and other factors; location in the Gaza Strip [north, Gaza, middle area, Khanyounis, Rafah]; availability of a community committee which holds meetings once per year between the community and the clinic staff). Every theme has subthemes and related items. A self-administered questionnaire was developed by the author, and reviewed by ten experts. The study questionnaire showed high internal consistency (α=0·9). Through exit interviews, randomly selected clients completed the study questionnaire between Oct 1, 2010, and Dec 30, 2010. We used SPSS (version 13). The questions had its scores that were compared and analysed (eg, if one question has three answers: yes [score of 2], intermediate [score of 1], or no [score of 0]). We invited 300 clients to participate (response rate 91%). Clients' perspectives were positive regarding most of the accessibility subthemes except the accessibility to drugs; 35% (88 of 252) of clients reported shortages of drugs at the clinics. For the service delivery theme, the subthemes of waiting time (71·2% [195 of 274]), contact time (70·9% [188 of 264]), and quality of basic amenities were perceived positively by the clients (80·17%; in which 100% was the best score). Only 35% (70 of 273) of clients reported involvement in planning their own treatment plans. About 67% (181 of 269) of clients reported that the availability of drugs was the main factor to show the perceived quality of care of a health facility, followed by respect from the health provider personnel (46%, 125 clients). Further analysis was done to compare the overall scores of selected subthemes that illustrate the clients-centredness' of services (ie, choice, respect, communication, and involvement in planning) between clinics' characteristic variables. Significant differences in scores were reported between level 4 and level 2 or 3 clinics (choice, p=0·015, communication, p=0·002, involvement in planning, p=0·029), and clinics that did frequent meetings with community members and clinics that not (respect, communication, and involvement in planning p=0·01). Increased involvement of beneficiaries in the delivery of health care promotes clients' centredness. Promotion of interactions between health-care providers and clients, increasing confidentiality and privacy, and ensuring the availability of essential drugs all positively affect clients' perspectives about health services. A limitation of our study is that it did not include the clients who did not present to the identified clinics, who might have different perspectives than the included clients None.</description><subject>Accessibility</subject><subject>Availability</subject><subject>Classification</subject><subject>Clients</subject><subject>Communities</subject><subject>Cross-sectional studies</subject><subject>Data collection</subject><subject>Drug delivery systems</subject><subject>Drugs</subject><subject>Health care</subject><subject>Health care facilities</subject><subject>Health services</subject><subject>Identification methods</subject><subject>Meetings</subject><subject>Promotion</subject><subject>Reviews</subject><subject>Shortages</subject><subject>Territory</subject><issn>0140-6736</issn><issn>1474-547X</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2017</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>8G5</sourceid><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><sourceid>GNUQQ</sourceid><sourceid>GUQSH</sourceid><sourceid>M2O</sourceid><recordid>eNqFkM9KAzEQh4MoWKuPIAS8KBjNn01214tI0SoICip4C2kya1PWTU22hfoEPraxFa9eZmD4ZvjNh9Aho2eMMnX-RFlBiSqFOmblieBUKKK20IAVZUFkUb5uo8Efsov2UppRSgtF5QB9jVoPXU9sLhFcBynh0OC3sITYvechnkf_buIKT8G0_ZRYEwEniEtvIWHf4X4KeGw-DX7qo5-f4mDtYu7B4UfTQup9502GIEbfh7i6wAbbGFIiCWzvQ2danPqFW-2jnca0CQ5--xC93Fw_j27J_cP4bnR1TywTtCCOydpIXnMBlZzYuhET2tgKqoI2lJs85wqMy6hqJlw4Xis6cQKEq7gUYMUQHW3uzmP4WOSAehYWMcdImtVc1pRVssiU3FDrrBEa_atBM6p_pOu1dP1jVLNSr6VrlfcuN3uQX1h6iDrZ7NeC8zH_q13w_1z4Bp2ai4k</recordid><startdate>201708</startdate><enddate>201708</enddate><creator>Anan, Huda H</creator><creator>Hamad, Bassam A</creator><general>Elsevier Ltd</general><general>Elsevier Limited</general><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>0TT</scope><scope>0TZ</scope><scope>0U~</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7QL</scope><scope>7QP</scope><scope>7RV</scope><scope>7TK</scope><scope>7U7</scope><scope>7U9</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88A</scope><scope>88C</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>88G</scope><scope>88I</scope><scope>8AF</scope><scope>8AO</scope><scope>8C1</scope><scope>8C2</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FH</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>8G5</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AEUYN</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AN0</scope><scope>ASE</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BBNVY</scope><scope>BEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FPQ</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>GUQSH</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>K6X</scope><scope>K9-</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>KB0</scope><scope>KB~</scope><scope>LK8</scope><scope>M0R</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M0T</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M2M</scope><scope>M2O</scope><scope>M2P</scope><scope>M7N</scope><scope>M7P</scope><scope>MBDVC</scope><scope>NAPCQ</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PSYQQ</scope><scope>Q9U</scope><scope>S0X</scope></search><sort><creationdate>201708</creationdate><title>Client-centredness of government primary health-care services in the Gaza Strip, occupied Palestinian territory: a cross-sectional study</title><author>Anan, Huda H ; Hamad, Bassam A</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c1304-d159a52923e85bc9f3b0fc8e840f02a92326ead3046fb23d2960bd3e3d8253ec3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2017</creationdate><topic>Accessibility</topic><topic>Availability</topic><topic>Classification</topic><topic>Clients</topic><topic>Communities</topic><topic>Cross-sectional studies</topic><topic>Data collection</topic><topic>Drug delivery systems</topic><topic>Drugs</topic><topic>Health care</topic><topic>Health care facilities</topic><topic>Health services</topic><topic>Identification methods</topic><topic>Meetings</topic><topic>Promotion</topic><topic>Reviews</topic><topic>Shortages</topic><topic>Territory</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Anan, Huda H</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hamad, Bassam A</creatorcontrib><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>News PRO</collection><collection>Pharma and Biotech Premium PRO</collection><collection>Global News &amp; ABI/Inform Professional</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Bacteriology Abstracts (Microbiology B)</collection><collection>Calcium &amp; Calcified Tissue Abstracts</collection><collection>Nursing &amp; Allied Health Database</collection><collection>Neurosciences Abstracts</collection><collection>Toxicology Abstracts</collection><collection>Virology and AIDS Abstracts</collection><collection>Health &amp; Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Biology Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Healthcare Administration Database (Alumni)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Psychology Database (Alumni)</collection><collection>Science Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>STEM Database</collection><collection>ProQuest Pharma Collection</collection><collection>Public Health Database</collection><collection>Lancet Titles</collection><collection>ProQuest SciTech Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Research Library (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Sustainability</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>British Nursing Database</collection><collection>British Nursing Index</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>Biological Science Collection</collection><collection>eLibrary</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>British Nursing Index (BNI) (1985 to Present)</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Student</collection><collection>Research Library Prep</collection><collection>AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection</collection><collection>British Nursing Index</collection><collection>Consumer Health Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Health &amp; Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Nursing &amp; Allied Health Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Newsstand Professional</collection><collection>ProQuest Biological Science Collection</collection><collection>Consumer Health Database</collection><collection>Health &amp; Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Healthcare Administration Database</collection><collection>Medical Database</collection><collection>ProQuest Psychology</collection><collection>Research Library</collection><collection>Science Database</collection><collection>Algology Mycology and Protozoology Abstracts (Microbiology C)</collection><collection>Biological Science Database</collection><collection>Research Library (Corporate)</collection><collection>Nursing &amp; Allied Health Premium</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest One Psychology</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Basic</collection><collection>SIRS Editorial</collection><jtitle>The Lancet (British edition)</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Anan, Huda H</au><au>Hamad, Bassam A</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Client-centredness of government primary health-care services in the Gaza Strip, occupied Palestinian territory: a cross-sectional study</atitle><jtitle>The Lancet (British edition)</jtitle><date>2017-08</date><risdate>2017</risdate><volume>390</volume><spage>S35</spage><epage>S35</epage><pages>S35-S35</pages><issn>0140-6736</issn><eissn>1474-547X</eissn><abstract>Client-centred services respond to clients' needs and involve them in the provision of health-care services to achieve improved health outcomes. We aimed to assess the extent to which governmental primary health-care services in the Gaza Strip are client-centred, from the clients' perspectives. Five themes representative of clients' centredness were identified: accessibility, delivery of health-care services, involvement, clients, and clinics characteristics variables (included the clinic level (levels 2–4) according to the Palestinian Ministry Of Health's classification of clinics according to the number of staff, type of services provided, and other factors; location in the Gaza Strip [north, Gaza, middle area, Khanyounis, Rafah]; availability of a community committee which holds meetings once per year between the community and the clinic staff). Every theme has subthemes and related items. A self-administered questionnaire was developed by the author, and reviewed by ten experts. The study questionnaire showed high internal consistency (α=0·9). Through exit interviews, randomly selected clients completed the study questionnaire between Oct 1, 2010, and Dec 30, 2010. We used SPSS (version 13). The questions had its scores that were compared and analysed (eg, if one question has three answers: yes [score of 2], intermediate [score of 1], or no [score of 0]). We invited 300 clients to participate (response rate 91%). Clients' perspectives were positive regarding most of the accessibility subthemes except the accessibility to drugs; 35% (88 of 252) of clients reported shortages of drugs at the clinics. For the service delivery theme, the subthemes of waiting time (71·2% [195 of 274]), contact time (70·9% [188 of 264]), and quality of basic amenities were perceived positively by the clients (80·17%; in which 100% was the best score). Only 35% (70 of 273) of clients reported involvement in planning their own treatment plans. About 67% (181 of 269) of clients reported that the availability of drugs was the main factor to show the perceived quality of care of a health facility, followed by respect from the health provider personnel (46%, 125 clients). Further analysis was done to compare the overall scores of selected subthemes that illustrate the clients-centredness' of services (ie, choice, respect, communication, and involvement in planning) between clinics' characteristic variables. Significant differences in scores were reported between level 4 and level 2 or 3 clinics (choice, p=0·015, communication, p=0·002, involvement in planning, p=0·029), and clinics that did frequent meetings with community members and clinics that not (respect, communication, and involvement in planning p=0·01). Increased involvement of beneficiaries in the delivery of health care promotes clients' centredness. Promotion of interactions between health-care providers and clients, increasing confidentiality and privacy, and ensuring the availability of essential drugs all positively affect clients' perspectives about health services. A limitation of our study is that it did not include the clients who did not present to the identified clinics, who might have different perspectives than the included clients None.</abstract><cop>London</cop><pub>Elsevier Ltd</pub><doi>10.1016/S0140-6736(17)32036-6</doi></addata></record>
fulltext fulltext
identifier ISSN: 0140-6736
ispartof The Lancet (British edition), 2017-08, Vol.390, p.S35-S35
issn 0140-6736
1474-547X
language eng
recordid cdi_proquest_journals_1925901854
source Elsevier ScienceDirect Journals; ProQuest Central UK/Ireland
subjects Accessibility
Availability
Classification
Clients
Communities
Cross-sectional studies
Data collection
Drug delivery systems
Drugs
Health care
Health care facilities
Health services
Identification methods
Meetings
Promotion
Reviews
Shortages
Territory
title Client-centredness of government primary health-care services in the Gaza Strip, occupied Palestinian territory: a cross-sectional study
url https://sfx.bib-bvb.de/sfx_tum?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2025-01-22T01%3A33%3A45IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-proquest_cross&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Client-centredness%20of%20government%20primary%20health-care%20services%20in%20the%20Gaza%20Strip,%20occupied%20Palestinian%20territory:%20a%20cross-sectional%20study&rft.jtitle=The%20Lancet%20(British%20edition)&rft.au=Anan,%20Huda%20H&rft.date=2017-08&rft.volume=390&rft.spage=S35&rft.epage=S35&rft.pages=S35-S35&rft.issn=0140-6736&rft.eissn=1474-547X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016/S0140-6736(17)32036-6&rft_dat=%3Cproquest_cross%3E1925901854%3C/proquest_cross%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&disable_directlink=true&sfx.directlink=off&sfx.report_link=0&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=1925901854&rft_id=info:pmid/&rft_els_id=S0140673617320366&rfr_iscdi=true