Chronic toxicity of arsenic during Rhinella arenarum embryonic and larval development: Potential biomarkers of oxidative stress and antioxidant response

The Argentinean autochthonous toad Rhinella arenarum was selected to study the chronic toxicity of arsenic (As) and the biochemical responses elicited by exposure to As in water during embryonic and larval development. Significant decreases in the total reactive antioxidant potential and in catalase...

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Veröffentlicht in:Environmental toxicology and chemistry 2017-06, Vol.36 (6), p.1614-1621
Hauptverfasser: Mardirosian, Mariana Noelia, Lascano, Cecilia Inés, Bongiovanni, Guillermina Azucena, Venturino, Andrés
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container_issue 6
container_start_page 1614
container_title Environmental toxicology and chemistry
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creator Mardirosian, Mariana Noelia
Lascano, Cecilia Inés
Bongiovanni, Guillermina Azucena
Venturino, Andrés
description The Argentinean autochthonous toad Rhinella arenarum was selected to study the chronic toxicity of arsenic (As) and the biochemical responses elicited by exposure to As in water during embryonic and larval development. Significant decreases in the total reactive antioxidant potential and in catalase activity were observed in individuals exposed chronically to sublethal concentrations of As, which is indicative of an oxidative stress situation. However, an antioxidant response was elicited during chronic exposure to As, as evidenced by the increase in endogenous reduced glutathione content and glutathione‐related enzymatic activities such as glutathione S‐transferase (GST) and glutathione reductase. This protective response might prevent a deeper decline in the antioxidant system and further oxidative damage. Alternatively, it might be linked to As conjugation with reduced glutathione for its excretion. Considering the sustained increase in GST activity and the decrease in the total antioxidant reactive potential observed, the authors propose them as good candidates to be used as biomarkers during As exposure. Interestingly, glutathione reductase activity was inhibited at a very low concentration of As considered safe for aquatic life. Environ Toxicol Chem 2017;36:1614–1621. © 2016 SETAC
doi_str_mv 10.1002/etc.3693
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Significant decreases in the total reactive antioxidant potential and in catalase activity were observed in individuals exposed chronically to sublethal concentrations of As, which is indicative of an oxidative stress situation. However, an antioxidant response was elicited during chronic exposure to As, as evidenced by the increase in endogenous reduced glutathione content and glutathione‐related enzymatic activities such as glutathione S‐transferase (GST) and glutathione reductase. This protective response might prevent a deeper decline in the antioxidant system and further oxidative damage. Alternatively, it might be linked to As conjugation with reduced glutathione for its excretion. Considering the sustained increase in GST activity and the decrease in the total antioxidant reactive potential observed, the authors propose them as good candidates to be used as biomarkers during As exposure. Interestingly, glutathione reductase activity was inhibited at a very low concentration of As considered safe for aquatic life. 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Significant decreases in the total reactive antioxidant potential and in catalase activity were observed in individuals exposed chronically to sublethal concentrations of As, which is indicative of an oxidative stress situation. However, an antioxidant response was elicited during chronic exposure to As, as evidenced by the increase in endogenous reduced glutathione content and glutathione‐related enzymatic activities such as glutathione S‐transferase (GST) and glutathione reductase. This protective response might prevent a deeper decline in the antioxidant system and further oxidative damage. Alternatively, it might be linked to As conjugation with reduced glutathione for its excretion. Considering the sustained increase in GST activity and the decrease in the total antioxidant reactive potential observed, the authors propose them as good candidates to be used as biomarkers during As exposure. Interestingly, glutathione reductase activity was inhibited at a very low concentration of As considered safe for aquatic life. 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Significant decreases in the total reactive antioxidant potential and in catalase activity were observed in individuals exposed chronically to sublethal concentrations of As, which is indicative of an oxidative stress situation. However, an antioxidant response was elicited during chronic exposure to As, as evidenced by the increase in endogenous reduced glutathione content and glutathione‐related enzymatic activities such as glutathione S‐transferase (GST) and glutathione reductase. This protective response might prevent a deeper decline in the antioxidant system and further oxidative damage. Alternatively, it might be linked to As conjugation with reduced glutathione for its excretion. Considering the sustained increase in GST activity and the decrease in the total antioxidant reactive potential observed, the authors propose them as good candidates to be used as biomarkers during As exposure. 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subjects Amphibian
Animals
Antioxidants
Antioxidants - metabolism
Aquatic organisms
Aquatic toxicology
Arsenic
Arsenic - administration & dosage
Arsenic - toxicity
Biomarkers
Biomarkers - blood
Bufo arenarum - embryology
Bufo arenarum - growth & development
Catalase
Catalase - metabolism
Chronic exposure
Chronic toxicity
Conjugation
Damage prevention
Detoxification
Drug Administration Schedule
Embryogenesis
Environmental Pollutants - toxicity
Enzymatic activity
Excretion
Exposure
Glutathione
Glutathione - metabolism
Glutathione reductase
Glutathione Reductase - metabolism
Glutathione S‐transferase
Glutathione transferase
Glutathione Transferase - metabolism
Larva - drug effects
Larval development
Oxidative stress
Oxidative Stress - drug effects
Oxidative Stress - physiology
Stress response
Total reactive antioxidant potential
Toxicity
title Chronic toxicity of arsenic during Rhinella arenarum embryonic and larval development: Potential biomarkers of oxidative stress and antioxidant response
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