How the Growing Gap in Life Expectancy May Affect Retirement Benefits and Reforms

Older Americans have experienced dramatic gains in life expectancy in recent decades, but an emerging literature reveals that these gains are accumulating mostly to those at the top of the income distribution. We explore how growing inequality in life expectancy affects lifetime benefits from Social...

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Veröffentlicht in:NBER Working Paper Series 2017-04, p.23329
Hauptverfasser: Goldman, Dana, Weil, David N, Charles, Kerwin, Orszag, Peter R, Coile, Courtney, Sheiner, Louise, Auerbach, Alan J, Lee, Ronald, Lucas, Charles, Gale, William, Tysinger, Bryan, Wolfers, Justin, Wong, Rebeca
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creator Goldman, Dana
Weil, David N
Charles, Kerwin
Orszag, Peter R
Coile, Courtney
Sheiner, Louise
Auerbach, Alan J
Lee, Ronald
Lucas, Charles
Gale, William
Tysinger, Bryan
Wolfers, Justin
Wong, Rebeca
description Older Americans have experienced dramatic gains in life expectancy in recent decades, but an emerging literature reveals that these gains are accumulating mostly to those at the top of the income distribution. We explore how growing inequality in life expectancy affects lifetime benefits from Social Security, Medicare, and other programs and how this phenomenon interacts with possible program reforms. We first project that life expectancy at age 50 for males in the two highest income quintiles will rise by 7 to 8 years between the 1930 and 1960 birth cohorts, but that the two lowest income quintiles will experience little to no increase over that time period. This divergence in life expectancy will cause the gap between average lifetime program benefits received by men in the highest and lowest quintiles to widen by $130,000 (in $2009) over this period. Finally we simulate the effect of Social Security reforms such as raising the normal retirement age and changing the benefit formula to see whether they mitigate or enhance the reduced progressivity resulting from the widening gap in life expectancy.
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source National Bureau of Economic Research Publications; Alma/SFX Local Collection
subjects Economic theory
Economics of Aging
Economics of Health
Income distribution
Life expectancy
Public Economics
Retirement
Retirement benefits
title How the Growing Gap in Life Expectancy May Affect Retirement Benefits and Reforms
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