Extreme rituals in a BDSM context: the physiological and psychological effects of the 'Dance of Souls'
Participation in extreme rituals (e.g., fire-walking, body-piercing) has been documented throughout history. Motivations for such physically intense activities include religious devotion, sensation-seeking and social bonding. The present study aims to explore an extreme ritual within the context of...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Culture, health & sexuality health & sexuality, 2017-04, Vol.19 (4), p.453-469 |
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| creator | Klement, Kathryn R. Lee, Ellen M. Ambler, James K. Hanson, Sarah A. Comber, Evelyn Wietting, David Wagner, Michael F. Burns, Valerie R. Cutler, Bert Cutler, Nadine Reid, Elwood Sagarin, Brad J. |
| description | Participation in extreme rituals (e.g., fire-walking, body-piercing) has been documented throughout history. Motivations for such physically intense activities include religious devotion, sensation-seeking and social bonding. The present study aims to explore an extreme ritual within the context of bondage/discipline, dominance/submission and sadism/masochism (BDSM): the 'Dance of Souls', a 160-person ritual involving temporary piercings with weights or hooks attached and dancing to music provided by drummers. Through hormonal assays, behavioural observations and questionnaires administered before, during and after the Dance, we examine the physiological and psychological effects of the Dance, and the themes of spirituality, connectedness, transformation, release and community reported by dancers. From before to during the Dance, participants showed increases in physiological stress (measured by the hormone cortisol), self-reported sexual arousal, self-other overlap and decreases in psychological stress and negative affect. Results suggest that this group of BDSM practitioners engage in the Dance for a variety of reasons, including experiencing spirituality, deepening interpersonal connections, reducing stress and achieving altered states of consciousness. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1080/13691058.2016.1234648 |
| format | Article |
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Motivations for such physically intense activities include religious devotion, sensation-seeking and social bonding. The present study aims to explore an extreme ritual within the context of bondage/discipline, dominance/submission and sadism/masochism (BDSM): the 'Dance of Souls', a 160-person ritual involving temporary piercings with weights or hooks attached and dancing to music provided by drummers. Through hormonal assays, behavioural observations and questionnaires administered before, during and after the Dance, we examine the physiological and psychological effects of the Dance, and the themes of spirituality, connectedness, transformation, release and community reported by dancers. From before to during the Dance, participants showed increases in physiological stress (measured by the hormone cortisol), self-reported sexual arousal, self-other overlap and decreases in psychological stress and negative affect. Results suggest that this group of BDSM practitioners engage in the Dance for a variety of reasons, including experiencing spirituality, deepening interpersonal connections, reducing stress and achieving altered states of consciousness.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1369-1058</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1464-5351</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1080/13691058.2016.1234648</identifier><identifier>PMID: 27737624</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>England: Taylor & Francis</publisher><subject>Altered states ; Attachment ; Body modification ; Ceremonial Behavior ; Consciousness ; Cortisol ; Dance ; Dance of Souls ; Dancers ; Dancing ; Dancing - psychology ; Dominance ; extreme rituals ; Female ; Humans ; Hydrocortisone - analysis ; Male ; Masochism ; Masochism - psychology ; Middle Aged ; Motivation ; Music ; Negative emotions ; Paraphilias ; Physiology ; Psychological aspects ; Psychological distress ; Questionnaires ; Religiosity ; Rites & ceremonies ; Rituals ; Sadism ; Sadism - psychology ; Sadomasochism ; Sensation seeking ; Sexual arousal ; Sexual behavior ; Sexual Behavior - psychology ; sexuality ; Spirituality ; Stress ; Stress, Psychological - psychology ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Transformation ; USA ; Walking</subject><ispartof>Culture, health & sexuality, 2017-04, Vol.19 (4), p.453-469</ispartof><rights>2016 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group 2016</rights><rights>2016 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c449t-4ecd6b788588f02e51f0440a1284f8de97060b2d07b1709d798a7afc7d5b2deb3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c449t-4ecd6b788588f02e51f0440a1284f8de97060b2d07b1709d798a7afc7d5b2deb3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.jstor.org/stable/pdf/26787755$$EPDF$$P50$$Gjstor$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.jstor.org/stable/26787755$$EHTML$$P50$$Gjstor$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,799,27901,27902,33751,57992,58225</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27737624$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Klement, Kathryn R.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lee, Ellen M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ambler, James K.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hanson, Sarah A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Comber, Evelyn</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wietting, David</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wagner, Michael F.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Burns, Valerie R.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Cutler, Bert</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Cutler, Nadine</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Reid, Elwood</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sagarin, Brad J.</creatorcontrib><title>Extreme rituals in a BDSM context: the physiological and psychological effects of the 'Dance of Souls'</title><title>Culture, health & sexuality</title><addtitle>Cult Health Sex</addtitle><description>Participation in extreme rituals (e.g., fire-walking, body-piercing) has been documented throughout history. 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Results suggest that this group of BDSM practitioners engage in the Dance for a variety of reasons, including experiencing spirituality, deepening interpersonal connections, reducing stress and achieving altered states of consciousness.</description><subject>Altered states</subject><subject>Attachment</subject><subject>Body modification</subject><subject>Ceremonial Behavior</subject><subject>Consciousness</subject><subject>Cortisol</subject><subject>Dance</subject><subject>Dance of Souls</subject><subject>Dancers</subject><subject>Dancing</subject><subject>Dancing - psychology</subject><subject>Dominance</subject><subject>extreme rituals</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Hydrocortisone - analysis</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Masochism</subject><subject>Masochism - psychology</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>Motivation</subject><subject>Music</subject><subject>Negative emotions</subject><subject>Paraphilias</subject><subject>Physiology</subject><subject>Psychological aspects</subject><subject>Psychological distress</subject><subject>Questionnaires</subject><subject>Religiosity</subject><subject>Rites & ceremonies</subject><subject>Rituals</subject><subject>Sadism</subject><subject>Sadism - psychology</subject><subject>Sadomasochism</subject><subject>Sensation seeking</subject><subject>Sexual arousal</subject><subject>Sexual behavior</subject><subject>Sexual Behavior - psychology</subject><subject>sexuality</subject><subject>Spirituality</subject><subject>Stress</subject><subject>Stress, Psychological - psychology</subject><subject>Surveys and Questionnaires</subject><subject>Transformation</subject><subject>USA</subject><subject>Walking</subject><issn>1369-1058</issn><issn>1464-5351</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2017</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>BHHNA</sourceid><recordid>eNqNkUtv1DAUhS0Eog_4CUWWWJRNhutX7LCitOUhFbFou7Ycx2YySuLBdtTOv6-HmRaJBWJhXfue7x7ZPgidEFgQUPCesLohINSCAqkXhDJec_UMHZJSK8EEeV72ham20AE6SmkFAKSsl-iASslkTfkh8pf3ObrR4djn2QwJ9xM2-NPF9Xdsw5Tdff6A89Lh9XKT-jCEn701AzZTh9dpY5dPHee9sznh4H_jpxdmsm57ug7zkE5foRe-uLvX-3qMbj9f3px_ra5-fPl2fnZVWc6bXHFnu7qVSgmlPFAniAfOwRCquFedayTU0NIOZEskNJ1slJHGW9mJ0nUtO0bvdr7rGH7NLmU99sm6YTCTC3PSRCkODW04_Q-UCV5-WpGCvv0LXYU5TuUhhZKCMEaYLJTYUTaGlKLzeh370cSNJqC3menHzPQ2M73PrMy92bvP7ei6p6nHkApwsgNWKYf4R6-lklKIon_c6f3kQxzNXYhDp7PZDCH6WILok2b_vsMD0u-tOg</recordid><startdate>201704</startdate><enddate>201704</enddate><creator>Klement, Kathryn R.</creator><creator>Lee, Ellen M.</creator><creator>Ambler, James K.</creator><creator>Hanson, Sarah A.</creator><creator>Comber, Evelyn</creator><creator>Wietting, David</creator><creator>Wagner, Michael F.</creator><creator>Burns, Valerie R.</creator><creator>Cutler, Bert</creator><creator>Cutler, Nadine</creator><creator>Reid, Elwood</creator><creator>Sagarin, Brad J.</creator><general>Taylor & Francis</general><general>Taylor & Francis, Ltd</general><general>Taylor & Francis Ltd</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7U4</scope><scope>8BJ</scope><scope>BHHNA</scope><scope>DWI</scope><scope>FQK</scope><scope>JBE</scope><scope>WZK</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>201704</creationdate><title>Extreme rituals in a BDSM context: the physiological and psychological effects of the 'Dance of Souls'</title><author>Klement, Kathryn R. ; Lee, Ellen M. ; Ambler, James K. ; Hanson, Sarah A. ; Comber, Evelyn ; Wietting, David ; Wagner, Michael F. ; Burns, Valerie R. ; Cutler, Bert ; Cutler, Nadine ; Reid, Elwood ; Sagarin, Brad J.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c449t-4ecd6b788588f02e51f0440a1284f8de97060b2d07b1709d798a7afc7d5b2deb3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2017</creationdate><topic>Altered states</topic><topic>Attachment</topic><topic>Body modification</topic><topic>Ceremonial Behavior</topic><topic>Consciousness</topic><topic>Cortisol</topic><topic>Dance</topic><topic>Dance of Souls</topic><topic>Dancers</topic><topic>Dancing</topic><topic>Dancing - psychology</topic><topic>Dominance</topic><topic>extreme rituals</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Hydrocortisone - analysis</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Masochism</topic><topic>Masochism - psychology</topic><topic>Middle Aged</topic><topic>Motivation</topic><topic>Music</topic><topic>Negative emotions</topic><topic>Paraphilias</topic><topic>Physiology</topic><topic>Psychological aspects</topic><topic>Psychological distress</topic><topic>Questionnaires</topic><topic>Religiosity</topic><topic>Rites & ceremonies</topic><topic>Rituals</topic><topic>Sadism</topic><topic>Sadism - psychology</topic><topic>Sadomasochism</topic><topic>Sensation seeking</topic><topic>Sexual arousal</topic><topic>Sexual behavior</topic><topic>Sexual Behavior - psychology</topic><topic>sexuality</topic><topic>Spirituality</topic><topic>Stress</topic><topic>Stress, Psychological - psychology</topic><topic>Surveys and Questionnaires</topic><topic>Transformation</topic><topic>USA</topic><topic>Walking</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Klement, Kathryn R.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lee, Ellen M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ambler, James K.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hanson, Sarah A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Comber, Evelyn</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wietting, David</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wagner, Michael F.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Burns, Valerie R.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Cutler, Bert</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Cutler, Nadine</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Reid, Elwood</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sagarin, Brad J.</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Sociological Abstracts (pre-2017)</collection><collection>International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS)</collection><collection>Sociological Abstracts</collection><collection>Sociological Abstracts</collection><collection>International Bibliography of the Social Sciences</collection><collection>International Bibliography of the Social Sciences</collection><collection>Sociological Abstracts (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Culture, health & sexuality</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Klement, Kathryn R.</au><au>Lee, Ellen M.</au><au>Ambler, James K.</au><au>Hanson, Sarah A.</au><au>Comber, Evelyn</au><au>Wietting, David</au><au>Wagner, Michael F.</au><au>Burns, Valerie R.</au><au>Cutler, Bert</au><au>Cutler, Nadine</au><au>Reid, Elwood</au><au>Sagarin, Brad J.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Extreme rituals in a BDSM context: the physiological and psychological effects of the 'Dance of Souls'</atitle><jtitle>Culture, health & sexuality</jtitle><addtitle>Cult Health Sex</addtitle><date>2017-04</date><risdate>2017</risdate><volume>19</volume><issue>4</issue><spage>453</spage><epage>469</epage><pages>453-469</pages><issn>1369-1058</issn><eissn>1464-5351</eissn><abstract>Participation in extreme rituals (e.g., fire-walking, body-piercing) has been documented throughout history. Motivations for such physically intense activities include religious devotion, sensation-seeking and social bonding. The present study aims to explore an extreme ritual within the context of bondage/discipline, dominance/submission and sadism/masochism (BDSM): the 'Dance of Souls', a 160-person ritual involving temporary piercings with weights or hooks attached and dancing to music provided by drummers. Through hormonal assays, behavioural observations and questionnaires administered before, during and after the Dance, we examine the physiological and psychological effects of the Dance, and the themes of spirituality, connectedness, transformation, release and community reported by dancers. From before to during the Dance, participants showed increases in physiological stress (measured by the hormone cortisol), self-reported sexual arousal, self-other overlap and decreases in psychological stress and negative affect. Results suggest that this group of BDSM practitioners engage in the Dance for a variety of reasons, including experiencing spirituality, deepening interpersonal connections, reducing stress and achieving altered states of consciousness.</abstract><cop>England</cop><pub>Taylor & Francis</pub><pmid>27737624</pmid><doi>10.1080/13691058.2016.1234648</doi><tpages>17</tpages></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | Culture, health & sexuality, 2017-04, Vol.19 (4), p.453-469 |
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| source | Jstor Complete Legacy; MEDLINE; Sociological Abstracts |
| subjects | Altered states Attachment Body modification Ceremonial Behavior Consciousness Cortisol Dance Dance of Souls Dancers Dancing Dancing - psychology Dominance extreme rituals Female Humans Hydrocortisone - analysis Male Masochism Masochism - psychology Middle Aged Motivation Music Negative emotions Paraphilias Physiology Psychological aspects Psychological distress Questionnaires Religiosity Rites & ceremonies Rituals Sadism Sadism - psychology Sadomasochism Sensation seeking Sexual arousal Sexual behavior Sexual Behavior - psychology sexuality Spirituality Stress Stress, Psychological - psychology Surveys and Questionnaires Transformation USA Walking |
| title | Extreme rituals in a BDSM context: the physiological and psychological effects of the 'Dance of Souls' |
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