Immunosuppression in pediatric liver transplant recipients: Unique aspects

Pediatric liver transplantation has experienced improved outcomes over the last 50 years. This can be attributed in part to establishing optimal use of immunosuppressive agents to achieve a balance between minimizing the risks of allograft rejection and infection. The management of immunosuppression...

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Veröffentlicht in:Liver transplantation 2017-02, Vol.23 (2), p.244-256
Hauptverfasser: Miloh, Tamir, Barton, Andrea, Wheeler, Justin, Pham, Yen, Hewitt, Winston, Keegan, Tara, Sanchez, Christine, Bulut, Pinar, Goss, John
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container_end_page 256
container_issue 2
container_start_page 244
container_title Liver transplantation
container_volume 23
creator Miloh, Tamir
Barton, Andrea
Wheeler, Justin
Pham, Yen
Hewitt, Winston
Keegan, Tara
Sanchez, Christine
Bulut, Pinar
Goss, John
description Pediatric liver transplantation has experienced improved outcomes over the last 50 years. This can be attributed in part to establishing optimal use of immunosuppressive agents to achieve a balance between minimizing the risks of allograft rejection and infection. The management of immunosuppression in children is generally more complex and can be challenging when compared with the use of these agents in adult liver transplant patients. Physiologic differences in children alter the pharmacokinetics of immunosuppressive agents, which affects absorption, distribution, metabolism, and drug excretion. Children also have a longer expected period of exposure to immunosuppression, which can impact growth, risk of infection (bacterial, viral, and fungal), carcinogenesis, and likelihood of nonadherence. This review discusses immunosuppressive options for pediatric liver transplant recipients and the unique issues that must be addressed when managing this population. Further advances in the field of tolerance and accommodation are needed to relieve the acute and cumulative burden of chronic immunosuppression in children. Liver Transplantation 23 244–256 2017 AASLD
doi_str_mv 10.1002/lt.24677
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This can be attributed in part to establishing optimal use of immunosuppressive agents to achieve a balance between minimizing the risks of allograft rejection and infection. The management of immunosuppression in children is generally more complex and can be challenging when compared with the use of these agents in adult liver transplant patients. Physiologic differences in children alter the pharmacokinetics of immunosuppressive agents, which affects absorption, distribution, metabolism, and drug excretion. Children also have a longer expected period of exposure to immunosuppression, which can impact growth, risk of infection (bacterial, viral, and fungal), carcinogenesis, and likelihood of nonadherence. This review discusses immunosuppressive options for pediatric liver transplant recipients and the unique issues that must be addressed when managing this population. Further advances in the field of tolerance and accommodation are needed to relieve the acute and cumulative burden of chronic immunosuppression in children. 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source Wiley-Blackwell Journals; MEDLINE; Alma/SFX Local Collection
subjects Adolescent
Adult
Age Factors
Child
Communicable Diseases - epidemiology
Communicable Diseases - etiology
Communicable Diseases - immunology
Counseling
End Stage Liver Disease - mortality
End Stage Liver Disease - surgery
Graft Rejection - immunology
Graft Rejection - prevention & control
Graft Survival - immunology
Humans
Immune Tolerance
Immunosuppression - adverse effects
Immunosuppression - methods
Immunosuppressive Agents - pharmacology
Immunosuppressive Agents - therapeutic use
Liver
Liver - immunology
Liver Transplantation - adverse effects
Patient Compliance - psychology
Patient Transfer
Pediatrics
Transplant Recipients - psychology
Transplants & implants
Treatment Outcome
title Immunosuppression in pediatric liver transplant recipients: Unique aspects
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