Impact of Frequency Ramp Nonlinearity, Phase Noise, and SNR on FMCW Radar Accuracy
One of the main disturbances in a frequency-modulated continuous wave radar system for range measurement is nonlinearity in the frequency ramp. The intermediate frequency (IF) signal and consequently the target range accuracy are dependent on the type of the nonlinearity present in the frequency ram...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | IEEE transactions on microwave theory and techniques 2016-10, Vol.64 (10), p.3290-3301 |
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| creator | Ayhan, Serdal Scherr, Steffen Bhutani, Akanksha Fischbach, Benjamin Pauli, Mario Zwick, Thomas |
| description | One of the main disturbances in a frequency-modulated continuous wave radar system for range measurement is nonlinearity in the frequency ramp. The intermediate frequency (IF) signal and consequently the target range accuracy are dependent on the type of the nonlinearity present in the frequency ramp. Moreover, the type of frequency ramp nonlinearity cannot be directly specified, which makes the problem even more challenging. In this paper, the frequency ramp nonlinearity is investigated with the modified short-time Fourier transform method by using the short-time Chirp-Z transform method with high accuracy. The random and periodic nonlinearities are characterized and their sources are identified as phase noise and spurious. These types of frequency deviations are intentionally increased, and their influence on the linearity and the IF-signal is investigated. The dependence of target range estimation accuracy on the frequency ramp nonlinearity, phase noise, spurious, and signal-to-noise ratio in the IF-signal are described analytically and are verified on the basis of measurements. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1109/TMTT.2016.2599165 |
| format | Article |
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The intermediate frequency (IF) signal and consequently the target range accuracy are dependent on the type of the nonlinearity present in the frequency ramp. Moreover, the type of frequency ramp nonlinearity cannot be directly specified, which makes the problem even more challenging. In this paper, the frequency ramp nonlinearity is investigated with the modified short-time Fourier transform method by using the short-time Chirp-Z transform method with high accuracy. The random and periodic nonlinearities are characterized and their sources are identified as phase noise and spurious. These types of frequency deviations are intentionally increased, and their influence on the linearity and the IF-signal is investigated. The dependence of target range estimation accuracy on the frequency ramp nonlinearity, phase noise, spurious, and signal-to-noise ratio in the IF-signal are described analytically and are verified on the basis of measurements.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0018-9480</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1557-9670</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1109/TMTT.2016.2599165</identifier><identifier>CODEN: IETMAB</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>New York: IEEE</publisher><subject>Accuracy ; Cramér–Rao lower bound (CRLB) ; Fourier transforms ; Frequency measurement ; Frequency modulation ; frequency ramp linearity ; frequency-modulated continuous wave (FMCW) radar ; Linearity ; Noise ; Phase noise ; Radar measurements ; range measurement ; Signal to noise ratio ; signal-to-noise ratio (SNR)</subject><ispartof>IEEE transactions on microwave theory and techniques, 2016-10, Vol.64 (10), p.3290-3301</ispartof><rights>Copyright The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE) 2016</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c429t-c864e04ab12912c6251d149f92bd4a55e5fbbbc39d72cedfabd4d1288c2a09623</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c429t-c864e04ab12912c6251d149f92bd4a55e5fbbbc39d72cedfabd4d1288c2a09623</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-1361-0444</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/7556419$$EHTML$$P50$$Gieee$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,792,27903,27904,54736</link.rule.ids><linktorsrc>$$Uhttps://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/7556419$$EView_record_in_IEEE$$FView_record_in_$$GIEEE</linktorsrc></links><search><creatorcontrib>Ayhan, Serdal</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Scherr, Steffen</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bhutani, Akanksha</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Fischbach, Benjamin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pauli, Mario</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zwick, Thomas</creatorcontrib><title>Impact of Frequency Ramp Nonlinearity, Phase Noise, and SNR on FMCW Radar Accuracy</title><title>IEEE transactions on microwave theory and techniques</title><addtitle>TMTT</addtitle><description>One of the main disturbances in a frequency-modulated continuous wave radar system for range measurement is nonlinearity in the frequency ramp. The intermediate frequency (IF) signal and consequently the target range accuracy are dependent on the type of the nonlinearity present in the frequency ramp. Moreover, the type of frequency ramp nonlinearity cannot be directly specified, which makes the problem even more challenging. In this paper, the frequency ramp nonlinearity is investigated with the modified short-time Fourier transform method by using the short-time Chirp-Z transform method with high accuracy. The random and periodic nonlinearities are characterized and their sources are identified as phase noise and spurious. These types of frequency deviations are intentionally increased, and their influence on the linearity and the IF-signal is investigated. The dependence of target range estimation accuracy on the frequency ramp nonlinearity, phase noise, spurious, and signal-to-noise ratio in the IF-signal are described analytically and are verified on the basis of measurements.</description><subject>Accuracy</subject><subject>Cramér–Rao lower bound (CRLB)</subject><subject>Fourier transforms</subject><subject>Frequency measurement</subject><subject>Frequency modulation</subject><subject>frequency ramp linearity</subject><subject>frequency-modulated continuous wave (FMCW) radar</subject><subject>Linearity</subject><subject>Noise</subject><subject>Phase noise</subject><subject>Radar measurements</subject><subject>range measurement</subject><subject>Signal to noise ratio</subject><subject>signal-to-noise ratio (SNR)</subject><issn>0018-9480</issn><issn>1557-9670</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2016</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>RIE</sourceid><recordid>eNo9kFFLwzAQx4MoOKcfQHwJ-LrOXJqkzeMYTgfblFnxMaRJih1bW5Puod_ejIlPxx2__93xQ-geyBSAyKdiXRRTSkBMKZcSBL9AI-A8S6TIyCUaEQJ5IllOrtFNCLvYMk7yEdouD502PW4rvPDu5-gaM-CtPnR40zb7unHa1_0wwe_fOrg4q4ObYN1Y_LHZ4rbBi_X8K_JWezwz5ui1GW7RVaX3wd391TH6XDwX89dk9faynM9WiWFU9onJBXOE6RKoBGoE5WCByUrS0jLNueNVWZYmlTajxtlKx7EFmueGaiIFTcfo8by38218PPRq1x59E08qyFMgRDKZRgrOlPFtCN5VqvP1QftBAVEndeqkTp3UqT91MfNwztTOuX8-41wwkOkvhH5o2A</recordid><startdate>20161001</startdate><enddate>20161001</enddate><creator>Ayhan, Serdal</creator><creator>Scherr, Steffen</creator><creator>Bhutani, Akanksha</creator><creator>Fischbach, Benjamin</creator><creator>Pauli, Mario</creator><creator>Zwick, Thomas</creator><general>IEEE</general><general>The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)</general><scope>97E</scope><scope>RIA</scope><scope>RIE</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7SP</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>L7M</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1361-0444</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20161001</creationdate><title>Impact of Frequency Ramp Nonlinearity, Phase Noise, and SNR on FMCW Radar Accuracy</title><author>Ayhan, Serdal ; Scherr, Steffen ; Bhutani, Akanksha ; Fischbach, Benjamin ; Pauli, Mario ; Zwick, Thomas</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c429t-c864e04ab12912c6251d149f92bd4a55e5fbbbc39d72cedfabd4d1288c2a09623</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2016</creationdate><topic>Accuracy</topic><topic>Cramér–Rao lower bound (CRLB)</topic><topic>Fourier transforms</topic><topic>Frequency measurement</topic><topic>Frequency modulation</topic><topic>frequency ramp linearity</topic><topic>frequency-modulated continuous wave (FMCW) radar</topic><topic>Linearity</topic><topic>Noise</topic><topic>Phase noise</topic><topic>Radar measurements</topic><topic>range measurement</topic><topic>Signal to noise ratio</topic><topic>signal-to-noise ratio (SNR)</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Ayhan, Serdal</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Scherr, Steffen</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bhutani, Akanksha</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Fischbach, Benjamin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pauli, Mario</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zwick, Thomas</creatorcontrib><collection>IEEE All-Society Periodicals Package (ASPP) 2005-present</collection><collection>IEEE All-Society Periodicals Package (ASPP) 1998-Present</collection><collection>IEEE Electronic Library (IEL)</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Electronics & Communications Abstracts</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Advanced Technologies Database with Aerospace</collection><jtitle>IEEE transactions on microwave theory and techniques</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext_linktorsrc</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Ayhan, Serdal</au><au>Scherr, Steffen</au><au>Bhutani, Akanksha</au><au>Fischbach, Benjamin</au><au>Pauli, Mario</au><au>Zwick, Thomas</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Impact of Frequency Ramp Nonlinearity, Phase Noise, and SNR on FMCW Radar Accuracy</atitle><jtitle>IEEE transactions on microwave theory and techniques</jtitle><stitle>TMTT</stitle><date>2016-10-01</date><risdate>2016</risdate><volume>64</volume><issue>10</issue><spage>3290</spage><epage>3301</epage><pages>3290-3301</pages><issn>0018-9480</issn><eissn>1557-9670</eissn><coden>IETMAB</coden><abstract>One of the main disturbances in a frequency-modulated continuous wave radar system for range measurement is nonlinearity in the frequency ramp. The intermediate frequency (IF) signal and consequently the target range accuracy are dependent on the type of the nonlinearity present in the frequency ramp. Moreover, the type of frequency ramp nonlinearity cannot be directly specified, which makes the problem even more challenging. In this paper, the frequency ramp nonlinearity is investigated with the modified short-time Fourier transform method by using the short-time Chirp-Z transform method with high accuracy. The random and periodic nonlinearities are characterized and their sources are identified as phase noise and spurious. These types of frequency deviations are intentionally increased, and their influence on the linearity and the IF-signal is investigated. The dependence of target range estimation accuracy on the frequency ramp nonlinearity, phase noise, spurious, and signal-to-noise ratio in the IF-signal are described analytically and are verified on the basis of measurements.</abstract><cop>New York</cop><pub>IEEE</pub><doi>10.1109/TMTT.2016.2599165</doi><tpages>12</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1361-0444</orcidid></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Accuracy Cramér–Rao lower bound (CRLB) Fourier transforms Frequency measurement Frequency modulation frequency ramp linearity frequency-modulated continuous wave (FMCW) radar Linearity Noise Phase noise Radar measurements range measurement Signal to noise ratio signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) |
| title | Impact of Frequency Ramp Nonlinearity, Phase Noise, and SNR on FMCW Radar Accuracy |
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