Diets higher in animal and plant protein are associated with lower adiposity and do not impair kidney function in US adults
Higher-protein diets are associated with decreased adiposity and greater HDL cholesterol than lower protein diets. Whether these benefits can be attributed to a specific protein source (i.e., nondairy animal, dairy, or plant) is unknown, and concerns remain regarding the impact of higher-protein die...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | The American journal of clinical nutrition 2016-09, Vol.104 (3), p.743-749 |
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| creator | Berryman, Claire E Agarwal, Sanjiv Lieberman, Harris R Fulgoni, 3rd, Victor L Pasiakos, Stefan M |
| description | Higher-protein diets are associated with decreased adiposity and greater HDL cholesterol than lower protein diets. Whether these benefits can be attributed to a specific protein source (i.e., nondairy animal, dairy, or plant) is unknown, and concerns remain regarding the impact of higher-protein diets on kidney function.
The objective of this study was to evaluate trends of protein source on markers of cardiometabolic disease risk and kidney function in US adults.
Total, nondairy animal, dairy, and plant protein intake were estimated with the use of 24-h recall data from NHANES 2007-2010 (n = 11,111; ≥19 y). Associations between source-specific protein intake and health outcomes were determined with the use of models that adjusted for sex, race and ethnicity, age, physical activity, poverty-to-income ratio, individual intake (grams per kilogram) for each of the other 2 protein sources, body mass index (BMI) (except for weight-related variables), and macronutrient (carbohydrate, fiber, and total and saturated fat) intake.
Mean ± SE total protein intake was 82.3 ± 0.8 g/d (animal: 37.4 ± 0.5 g/d; plant: 24.7 ± 0.3 g/d; and dairy: 13.4 ± 0.3 g/d). Both BMI and waist circumference were inversely associated [regression coefficient (95% CI)] with animal [-0.199 (-0.265, -0.134), P < 0.0001; -0.505 (-0.641, -0.370), P < 0.0001] and plant [-0.346 (-0.455, -0.237), P < 0.0001; -0.826 (-1.114, -0.538), P < 0.0001] protein intake. Blood urea nitrogen concentrations increased across deciles for animal [0.313 (0.248, 0.379), P < 0.0001; decile 1-10: 11.6 ± 0.2 to 14.9 ± 0.3 mg/dL] and dairy [0.195 (0.139, 0.251), P < 0.0001; decile 1-10: 12.7 ± 0.2 to 13.9 ± 0.2 mg/dL] but not plant protein intake. Glomerular filtration rate and blood creatinine were not associated with intake of any protein source.
Diets higher in plant and animal protein, independent of other dietary factors, are associated with cardiometabolic benefits, particularly improved central adiposity, with no apparent impairment of kidney function. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.3945/ajcn.116.133819 |
| format | Article |
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The objective of this study was to evaluate trends of protein source on markers of cardiometabolic disease risk and kidney function in US adults.
Total, nondairy animal, dairy, and plant protein intake were estimated with the use of 24-h recall data from NHANES 2007-2010 (n = 11,111; ≥19 y). Associations between source-specific protein intake and health outcomes were determined with the use of models that adjusted for sex, race and ethnicity, age, physical activity, poverty-to-income ratio, individual intake (grams per kilogram) for each of the other 2 protein sources, body mass index (BMI) (except for weight-related variables), and macronutrient (carbohydrate, fiber, and total and saturated fat) intake.
Mean ± SE total protein intake was 82.3 ± 0.8 g/d (animal: 37.4 ± 0.5 g/d; plant: 24.7 ± 0.3 g/d; and dairy: 13.4 ± 0.3 g/d). Both BMI and waist circumference were inversely associated [regression coefficient (95% CI)] with animal [-0.199 (-0.265, -0.134), P < 0.0001; -0.505 (-0.641, -0.370), P < 0.0001] and plant [-0.346 (-0.455, -0.237), P < 0.0001; -0.826 (-1.114, -0.538), P < 0.0001] protein intake. Blood urea nitrogen concentrations increased across deciles for animal [0.313 (0.248, 0.379), P < 0.0001; decile 1-10: 11.6 ± 0.2 to 14.9 ± 0.3 mg/dL] and dairy [0.195 (0.139, 0.251), P < 0.0001; decile 1-10: 12.7 ± 0.2 to 13.9 ± 0.2 mg/dL] but not plant protein intake. Glomerular filtration rate and blood creatinine were not associated with intake of any protein source.
Diets higher in plant and animal protein, independent of other dietary factors, are associated with cardiometabolic benefits, particularly improved central adiposity, with no apparent impairment of kidney function.]]></description><identifier>ISSN: 0002-9165</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1938-3207</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.3945/ajcn.116.133819</identifier><identifier>PMID: 27465374</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: American Society for Clinical Nutrition, Inc</publisher><subject>Adiposity ; Adult ; Animals ; Biomarkers - blood ; Body Mass Index ; Cholesterol ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Diet ; Diet - adverse effects ; Diet - trends ; Dietary Proteins - adverse effects ; Female ; Glomerular Filtration Rate ; Humans ; Kidney - physiology ; Male ; Milk Proteins - adverse effects ; Muscle Proteins - adverse effects ; Nutrition ; Nutrition Surveys ; Overweight - epidemiology ; Overweight - prevention & control ; Plant Proteins, Dietary - adverse effects ; Proteins ; Renal Insufficiency - epidemiology ; Renal Insufficiency - prevention & control ; Risk assessment ; Risk Factors ; United States - epidemiology ; Waist Circumference</subject><ispartof>The American journal of clinical nutrition, 2016-09, Vol.104 (3), p.743-749</ispartof><rights>2016 American Society for Nutrition.</rights><rights>Copyright American Society for Clinical Nutrition, Inc. Sep 1, 2016</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c366t-a0a5b25e127d29e6ab6ec641d95ad9428ee79043a3038aea79f857ad60ae64ad3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c366t-a0a5b25e127d29e6ab6ec641d95ad9428ee79043a3038aea79f857ad60ae64ad3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,27924,27925</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27465374$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Berryman, Claire E</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Agarwal, Sanjiv</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lieberman, Harris R</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Fulgoni, 3rd, Victor L</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pasiakos, Stefan M</creatorcontrib><title>Diets higher in animal and plant protein are associated with lower adiposity and do not impair kidney function in US adults</title><title>The American journal of clinical nutrition</title><addtitle>Am J Clin Nutr</addtitle><description><![CDATA[Higher-protein diets are associated with decreased adiposity and greater HDL cholesterol than lower protein diets. Whether these benefits can be attributed to a specific protein source (i.e., nondairy animal, dairy, or plant) is unknown, and concerns remain regarding the impact of higher-protein diets on kidney function.
The objective of this study was to evaluate trends of protein source on markers of cardiometabolic disease risk and kidney function in US adults.
Total, nondairy animal, dairy, and plant protein intake were estimated with the use of 24-h recall data from NHANES 2007-2010 (n = 11,111; ≥19 y). Associations between source-specific protein intake and health outcomes were determined with the use of models that adjusted for sex, race and ethnicity, age, physical activity, poverty-to-income ratio, individual intake (grams per kilogram) for each of the other 2 protein sources, body mass index (BMI) (except for weight-related variables), and macronutrient (carbohydrate, fiber, and total and saturated fat) intake.
Mean ± SE total protein intake was 82.3 ± 0.8 g/d (animal: 37.4 ± 0.5 g/d; plant: 24.7 ± 0.3 g/d; and dairy: 13.4 ± 0.3 g/d). Both BMI and waist circumference were inversely associated [regression coefficient (95% CI)] with animal [-0.199 (-0.265, -0.134), P < 0.0001; -0.505 (-0.641, -0.370), P < 0.0001] and plant [-0.346 (-0.455, -0.237), P < 0.0001; -0.826 (-1.114, -0.538), P < 0.0001] protein intake. Blood urea nitrogen concentrations increased across deciles for animal [0.313 (0.248, 0.379), P < 0.0001; decile 1-10: 11.6 ± 0.2 to 14.9 ± 0.3 mg/dL] and dairy [0.195 (0.139, 0.251), P < 0.0001; decile 1-10: 12.7 ± 0.2 to 13.9 ± 0.2 mg/dL] but not plant protein intake. Glomerular filtration rate and blood creatinine were not associated with intake of any protein source.
Diets higher in plant and animal protein, independent of other dietary factors, are associated with cardiometabolic benefits, particularly improved central adiposity, with no apparent impairment of kidney function.]]></description><subject>Adiposity</subject><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Biomarkers - blood</subject><subject>Body Mass Index</subject><subject>Cholesterol</subject><subject>Cross-Sectional Studies</subject><subject>Diet</subject><subject>Diet - adverse effects</subject><subject>Diet - trends</subject><subject>Dietary Proteins - adverse effects</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Glomerular Filtration Rate</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Kidney - physiology</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Milk Proteins - adverse effects</subject><subject>Muscle Proteins - adverse effects</subject><subject>Nutrition</subject><subject>Nutrition Surveys</subject><subject>Overweight - epidemiology</subject><subject>Overweight - prevention & control</subject><subject>Plant Proteins, Dietary - adverse effects</subject><subject>Proteins</subject><subject>Renal Insufficiency - epidemiology</subject><subject>Renal Insufficiency - prevention & control</subject><subject>Risk assessment</subject><subject>Risk Factors</subject><subject>United States - epidemiology</subject><subject>Waist Circumference</subject><issn>0002-9165</issn><issn>1938-3207</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2016</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNo9kElv2zAQhYkiReMs594CAjnL5iZKPBZuswAGemhzFsbiuKYjkypJwTD650vHaU_vMG_BfIR85mwujaoXsOv9nHM951K23HwgM25kW0nBmgsyY4yJynBdX5KrlHaMcaFa_YlcikbpWjZqRv58dZgT3bpfW4zUeQre7WEoYuk4gM90jCHj6RCRQkqhd5DR0oPLWzqEQ0mBdWNILh_fUjZQHzJ1-xFcpK_OejzSzeT77II_Lbz8KIlpyOmGfNzAkPD2Xa_Jy8O3n8unavX98Xn5ZVX1UutcAYN6LWrkorHCoIa1xl4rbk0N1ijRIjaGKQmSyRYQGrNp6wasZoBagZXX5P7cW175PWHK3S5M0ZfJjre8qVXLuSiuxdnVx5BSxE03xoIiHjvOuhPs7gS7K7C7M-ySuHvvndZ7tP_9_-jKvwl5fG8</recordid><startdate>201609</startdate><enddate>201609</enddate><creator>Berryman, Claire E</creator><creator>Agarwal, Sanjiv</creator><creator>Lieberman, Harris R</creator><creator>Fulgoni, 3rd, Victor L</creator><creator>Pasiakos, Stefan M</creator><general>American Society for Clinical Nutrition, Inc</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7QP</scope><scope>7T7</scope><scope>7TS</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>NAPCQ</scope><scope>P64</scope></search><sort><creationdate>201609</creationdate><title>Diets higher in animal and plant protein are associated with lower adiposity and do not impair kidney function in US adults</title><author>Berryman, Claire E ; Agarwal, Sanjiv ; Lieberman, Harris R ; Fulgoni, 3rd, Victor L ; Pasiakos, Stefan M</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c366t-a0a5b25e127d29e6ab6ec641d95ad9428ee79043a3038aea79f857ad60ae64ad3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2016</creationdate><topic>Adiposity</topic><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Animals</topic><topic>Biomarkers - blood</topic><topic>Body Mass Index</topic><topic>Cholesterol</topic><topic>Cross-Sectional Studies</topic><topic>Diet</topic><topic>Diet - adverse effects</topic><topic>Diet - trends</topic><topic>Dietary Proteins - adverse effects</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Glomerular Filtration Rate</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Kidney - physiology</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Milk Proteins - adverse effects</topic><topic>Muscle Proteins - adverse effects</topic><topic>Nutrition</topic><topic>Nutrition Surveys</topic><topic>Overweight - epidemiology</topic><topic>Overweight - prevention & control</topic><topic>Plant Proteins, Dietary - adverse effects</topic><topic>Proteins</topic><topic>Renal Insufficiency - epidemiology</topic><topic>Renal Insufficiency - prevention & control</topic><topic>Risk assessment</topic><topic>Risk Factors</topic><topic>United States - epidemiology</topic><topic>Waist Circumference</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Berryman, Claire E</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Agarwal, Sanjiv</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lieberman, Harris R</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Fulgoni, 3rd, Victor L</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pasiakos, Stefan M</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Calcium & Calcified Tissue Abstracts</collection><collection>Industrial and Applied Microbiology Abstracts (Microbiology A)</collection><collection>Physical Education Index</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Premium</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><jtitle>The American journal of clinical nutrition</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Berryman, Claire E</au><au>Agarwal, Sanjiv</au><au>Lieberman, Harris R</au><au>Fulgoni, 3rd, Victor L</au><au>Pasiakos, Stefan M</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Diets higher in animal and plant protein are associated with lower adiposity and do not impair kidney function in US adults</atitle><jtitle>The American journal of clinical nutrition</jtitle><addtitle>Am J Clin Nutr</addtitle><date>2016-09</date><risdate>2016</risdate><volume>104</volume><issue>3</issue><spage>743</spage><epage>749</epage><pages>743-749</pages><issn>0002-9165</issn><eissn>1938-3207</eissn><abstract><![CDATA[Higher-protein diets are associated with decreased adiposity and greater HDL cholesterol than lower protein diets. Whether these benefits can be attributed to a specific protein source (i.e., nondairy animal, dairy, or plant) is unknown, and concerns remain regarding the impact of higher-protein diets on kidney function.
The objective of this study was to evaluate trends of protein source on markers of cardiometabolic disease risk and kidney function in US adults.
Total, nondairy animal, dairy, and plant protein intake were estimated with the use of 24-h recall data from NHANES 2007-2010 (n = 11,111; ≥19 y). Associations between source-specific protein intake and health outcomes were determined with the use of models that adjusted for sex, race and ethnicity, age, physical activity, poverty-to-income ratio, individual intake (grams per kilogram) for each of the other 2 protein sources, body mass index (BMI) (except for weight-related variables), and macronutrient (carbohydrate, fiber, and total and saturated fat) intake.
Mean ± SE total protein intake was 82.3 ± 0.8 g/d (animal: 37.4 ± 0.5 g/d; plant: 24.7 ± 0.3 g/d; and dairy: 13.4 ± 0.3 g/d). Both BMI and waist circumference were inversely associated [regression coefficient (95% CI)] with animal [-0.199 (-0.265, -0.134), P < 0.0001; -0.505 (-0.641, -0.370), P < 0.0001] and plant [-0.346 (-0.455, -0.237), P < 0.0001; -0.826 (-1.114, -0.538), P < 0.0001] protein intake. Blood urea nitrogen concentrations increased across deciles for animal [0.313 (0.248, 0.379), P < 0.0001; decile 1-10: 11.6 ± 0.2 to 14.9 ± 0.3 mg/dL] and dairy [0.195 (0.139, 0.251), P < 0.0001; decile 1-10: 12.7 ± 0.2 to 13.9 ± 0.2 mg/dL] but not plant protein intake. Glomerular filtration rate and blood creatinine were not associated with intake of any protein source.
Diets higher in plant and animal protein, independent of other dietary factors, are associated with cardiometabolic benefits, particularly improved central adiposity, with no apparent impairment of kidney function.]]></abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>American Society for Clinical Nutrition, Inc</pub><pmid>27465374</pmid><doi>10.3945/ajcn.116.133819</doi><tpages>7</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Adiposity Adult Animals Biomarkers - blood Body Mass Index Cholesterol Cross-Sectional Studies Diet Diet - adverse effects Diet - trends Dietary Proteins - adverse effects Female Glomerular Filtration Rate Humans Kidney - physiology Male Milk Proteins - adverse effects Muscle Proteins - adverse effects Nutrition Nutrition Surveys Overweight - epidemiology Overweight - prevention & control Plant Proteins, Dietary - adverse effects Proteins Renal Insufficiency - epidemiology Renal Insufficiency - prevention & control Risk assessment Risk Factors United States - epidemiology Waist Circumference |
| title | Diets higher in animal and plant protein are associated with lower adiposity and do not impair kidney function in US adults |
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