Du rapport de la subjectivation politique au monde social: Les raisons d'une mésentente entre sociologie et philosophie politique/Political subjectivation and the social life. Why sociology and philosophy are so enemies?

Founded in philosophy by Hannah Arendt, Judith Butler, Ernesto Laclau and Jacques Ranciere, the concept of "political subjectivation" crosses a multiplicity of theoretical perspectives. This plurality can benefit to the description of various phenomena in social life, as citizenship, new public spaces or normative subversion. However, sociology continues not using it, for multiple reasons. One of them is the anti-sociological formatage of the concept: philosophers oppose it to a "sociologist" or "sociocratic" approach of social life, conflicting the analysis of "radical contingency" of political emancipation. Thus, political subjectivation is described as a process in which individuals "exit" from society. In this paper, we propose a critical reading of this argument, basing on some empirical works, in sociology and history, which clearly show that political subjects shape themselves into the social order, by criticizing it and acting differently.