Histopathological alterations, biochemical responses and acetylcholinesterase levels in Clarias gariepinus as biomarkers of exposure to organophosphates pesticides
Organophosphate pesticides, commonly used in large scale farming, have been found to be major contaminants in aquatic environment. Clarias gariepinus was exposed to acute and sublethal concentrations of phostoxin and DD Force to evaluate single and joint action toxicity of the organophosphates. Effe...
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| creator | Doherty, V. F. Ladipo, M. K. Aneyo, I. A. Adeola, A. Odulele, W. Y. |
| description | Organophosphate pesticides, commonly used in large scale farming, have been found to be major contaminants in aquatic environment.
Clarias gariepinus
was exposed to acute and sublethal concentrations of phostoxin and DD Force to evaluate single and joint action toxicity of the organophosphates. Effects of phostoxin and DD force on antioxidant enzymes, fish organs and acetylcholinesterase levels in fingerlings and juveniles of
C. gariepinus
were also investigated. The lethal concentrations (96 h LC
50
) for phostoxin and DD Force were 0.631 and 1.759 mg/l, respectively. The results obtained from the bioassay showed that phostoxin was 2.8× more toxic than DD Force after exposure of
C. gariepinus
. Joint action toxicity evaluations of phostoxin and DD Force showed that the interaction between the chemicals was synergistic (RTU >1). The biochemical responses in the exposed fish differed significantly (
P
|
| doi_str_mv | 10.1007/s10661-016-5299-y |
| format | Article |
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Clarias gariepinus
was exposed to acute and sublethal concentrations of phostoxin and DD Force to evaluate single and joint action toxicity of the organophosphates. Effects of phostoxin and DD force on antioxidant enzymes, fish organs and acetylcholinesterase levels in fingerlings and juveniles of
C. gariepinus
were also investigated. The lethal concentrations (96 h LC
50
) for phostoxin and DD Force were 0.631 and 1.759 mg/l, respectively. The results obtained from the bioassay showed that phostoxin was 2.8× more toxic than DD Force after exposure of
C. gariepinus
. Joint action toxicity evaluations of phostoxin and DD Force showed that the interaction between the chemicals was synergistic (RTU >1). The biochemical responses in the exposed fish differed significantly (
P
< 0.05) from the control fish. The result of acetylcholinesterase study revealed significant difference between acetylcholinesterase levels in the exposed fish and control, with reduction in the acetylcholineterase level in fish exposed to sublethal concentrations of phostoxin and DD Force. Haematological studies revealed an increase in WBC, RBC, PCV and platelets in the exposed fish. Histopathology of the gills showed shortened primary lamellae, loss of secondary lamellae and loss of ceratobrachial bones. In the acute toxicity studies, respiratory stress, erratic swimming and instant death of fish were observed in the exposed fish. This study reveals that changes in histopathology and acetylcholinesterase level are good biomarkers and can be successfully used to detect exposure to organophosphates pesticides in fish.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0167-6369</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1573-2959</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1007/s10661-016-5299-y</identifier><identifier>PMID: 27121169</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Cham: Springer International Publishing</publisher><subject>Acetylcholinesterase - metabolism ; Acute toxicity ; Adolescent ; Animals ; Aquatic environment ; Aquatic life ; Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution ; Bioassays ; Biomarkers ; Biomarkers - metabolism ; Catfish ; Catfishes - physiology ; Clarias gariepinus ; Contaminants ; Earth and Environmental Science ; Ecology ; Ecotoxicology ; Environment ; Environmental Management ; Environmental monitoring ; Environmental Monitoring - methods ; Fish ; Gills - drug effects ; Hematology ; Histopathology ; Humans ; Insecticides - toxicity ; Monitoring/Environmental Analysis ; Mortality ; Organophosphates ; Organophosphates - toxicity ; Organophosphorus pesticides ; Pesticides ; Phosphorus ; Poisons ; Pollutants ; Swimming ; Toxicity ; Water Pollutants, Chemical - toxicity ; Water quality</subject><ispartof>Environmental monitoring and assessment, 2016-05, Vol.188 (5), p.312, Article 312</ispartof><rights>Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2016</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c372t-b0ca79644e6eec5db6c8a73664040a6216ab88bdf95c473e9f04a3821105be783</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c372t-b0ca79644e6eec5db6c8a73664040a6216ab88bdf95c473e9f04a3821105be783</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10661-016-5299-y$$EPDF$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/10.1007/s10661-016-5299-y$$EHTML$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,27901,27902,41464,42533,51294</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27121169$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Doherty, V. F.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ladipo, M. K.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Aneyo, I. A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Adeola, A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Odulele, W. Y.</creatorcontrib><title>Histopathological alterations, biochemical responses and acetylcholinesterase levels in Clarias gariepinus as biomarkers of exposure to organophosphates pesticides</title><title>Environmental monitoring and assessment</title><addtitle>Environ Monit Assess</addtitle><addtitle>Environ Monit Assess</addtitle><description>Organophosphate pesticides, commonly used in large scale farming, have been found to be major contaminants in aquatic environment.
Clarias gariepinus
was exposed to acute and sublethal concentrations of phostoxin and DD Force to evaluate single and joint action toxicity of the organophosphates. Effects of phostoxin and DD force on antioxidant enzymes, fish organs and acetylcholinesterase levels in fingerlings and juveniles of
C. gariepinus
were also investigated. The lethal concentrations (96 h LC
50
) for phostoxin and DD Force were 0.631 and 1.759 mg/l, respectively. The results obtained from the bioassay showed that phostoxin was 2.8× more toxic than DD Force after exposure of
C. gariepinus
. Joint action toxicity evaluations of phostoxin and DD Force showed that the interaction between the chemicals was synergistic (RTU >1). The biochemical responses in the exposed fish differed significantly (
P
< 0.05) from the control fish. The result of acetylcholinesterase study revealed significant difference between acetylcholinesterase levels in the exposed fish and control, with reduction in the acetylcholineterase level in fish exposed to sublethal concentrations of phostoxin and DD Force. Haematological studies revealed an increase in WBC, RBC, PCV and platelets in the exposed fish. Histopathology of the gills showed shortened primary lamellae, loss of secondary lamellae and loss of ceratobrachial bones. In the acute toxicity studies, respiratory stress, erratic swimming and instant death of fish were observed in the exposed fish. This study reveals that changes in histopathology and acetylcholinesterase level are good biomarkers and can be successfully used to detect exposure to organophosphates pesticides in fish.</description><subject>Acetylcholinesterase - metabolism</subject><subject>Acute toxicity</subject><subject>Adolescent</subject><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Aquatic environment</subject><subject>Aquatic life</subject><subject>Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution</subject><subject>Bioassays</subject><subject>Biomarkers</subject><subject>Biomarkers - metabolism</subject><subject>Catfish</subject><subject>Catfishes - physiology</subject><subject>Clarias gariepinus</subject><subject>Contaminants</subject><subject>Earth and Environmental Science</subject><subject>Ecology</subject><subject>Ecotoxicology</subject><subject>Environment</subject><subject>Environmental Management</subject><subject>Environmental monitoring</subject><subject>Environmental Monitoring - methods</subject><subject>Fish</subject><subject>Gills - drug effects</subject><subject>Hematology</subject><subject>Histopathology</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Insecticides - toxicity</subject><subject>Monitoring/Environmental Analysis</subject><subject>Mortality</subject><subject>Organophosphates</subject><subject>Organophosphates - toxicity</subject><subject>Organophosphorus pesticides</subject><subject>Pesticides</subject><subject>Phosphorus</subject><subject>Poisons</subject><subject>Pollutants</subject><subject>Swimming</subject><subject>Toxicity</subject><subject>Water Pollutants, Chemical - toxicity</subject><subject>Water quality</subject><issn>0167-6369</issn><issn>1573-2959</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2016</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><recordid>eNp1Uc1u1DAQthCILi0PwAVZ4krAjhM7PqIVUKRKXNqzNXEmuy7Z2HgSxD4PL1ovWxAXTiPN96eZj7FXUryTQpj3JIXWshJSV21tbXV8wjayNaqqbWufsk0BTKWVthfsBdG9EMKaxj5nF7WRtZTabtiv60BLTLDs4xR3wcPEYVowwxLiTG95H6Lf4-E3kJFSWSJxmAcOHpfj5IsuzEgnCSGf8AdOxMPMtxPkAMR3ZWAK81pUdLI7QP6GmXgcOf5MkdaMfIk85h3MMe0jpT0sJSMV0-DDgHTFno0wEb58nJfs7tPH2-11dfP185fth5vKK1MvVS88GKubBjWib4de-w6M0roRjQBdSw191_XDaFvfGIV2FA2orjxCtD2aTl2yN2fflOP3tcS7-7jmuUQ6aTpTKy1UW1jyzPI5EmUcXcqhHHV0UrhTLe5ciyvfd6da3LFoXj86r_0Bh7-KPz0UQn0mUIHmHeZ_ov_r-gCGkp4k</recordid><startdate>20160501</startdate><enddate>20160501</enddate><creator>Doherty, V. F.</creator><creator>Ladipo, M. K.</creator><creator>Aneyo, I. A.</creator><creator>Adeola, A.</creator><creator>Odulele, W. Y.</creator><general>Springer International Publishing</general><general>Springer Nature B.V</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7QH</scope><scope>7QL</scope><scope>7SN</scope><scope>7ST</scope><scope>7T7</scope><scope>7TG</scope><scope>7TN</scope><scope>7U7</scope><scope>7UA</scope><scope>7WY</scope><scope>7WZ</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>87Z</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>88I</scope><scope>8AO</scope><scope>8C1</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>8FL</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AEUYN</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>ATCPS</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BEZIV</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>F1W</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>FRNLG</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>F~G</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>H97</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>K60</scope><scope>K6~</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>KL.</scope><scope>L.-</scope><scope>L.G</scope><scope>M0C</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M2P</scope><scope>M7N</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>PATMY</scope><scope>PQBIZ</scope><scope>PQBZA</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PYCSY</scope><scope>Q9U</scope><scope>SOI</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20160501</creationdate><title>Histopathological alterations, biochemical responses and acetylcholinesterase levels in Clarias gariepinus as biomarkers of exposure to organophosphates pesticides</title><author>Doherty, V. F. ; Ladipo, M. K. ; Aneyo, I. A. ; Adeola, A. ; Odulele, W. Y.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c372t-b0ca79644e6eec5db6c8a73664040a6216ab88bdf95c473e9f04a3821105be783</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2016</creationdate><topic>Acetylcholinesterase - metabolism</topic><topic>Acute toxicity</topic><topic>Adolescent</topic><topic>Animals</topic><topic>Aquatic environment</topic><topic>Aquatic life</topic><topic>Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution</topic><topic>Bioassays</topic><topic>Biomarkers</topic><topic>Biomarkers - metabolism</topic><topic>Catfish</topic><topic>Catfishes - physiology</topic><topic>Clarias gariepinus</topic><topic>Contaminants</topic><topic>Earth and Environmental Science</topic><topic>Ecology</topic><topic>Ecotoxicology</topic><topic>Environment</topic><topic>Environmental Management</topic><topic>Environmental monitoring</topic><topic>Environmental Monitoring - methods</topic><topic>Fish</topic><topic>Gills - drug effects</topic><topic>Hematology</topic><topic>Histopathology</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Insecticides - toxicity</topic><topic>Monitoring/Environmental Analysis</topic><topic>Mortality</topic><topic>Organophosphates</topic><topic>Organophosphates - toxicity</topic><topic>Organophosphorus pesticides</topic><topic>Pesticides</topic><topic>Phosphorus</topic><topic>Poisons</topic><topic>Pollutants</topic><topic>Swimming</topic><topic>Toxicity</topic><topic>Water Pollutants, Chemical - toxicity</topic><topic>Water quality</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Doherty, V. 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F.</au><au>Ladipo, M. K.</au><au>Aneyo, I. A.</au><au>Adeola, A.</au><au>Odulele, W. Y.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Histopathological alterations, biochemical responses and acetylcholinesterase levels in Clarias gariepinus as biomarkers of exposure to organophosphates pesticides</atitle><jtitle>Environmental monitoring and assessment</jtitle><stitle>Environ Monit Assess</stitle><addtitle>Environ Monit Assess</addtitle><date>2016-05-01</date><risdate>2016</risdate><volume>188</volume><issue>5</issue><spage>312</spage><pages>312-</pages><artnum>312</artnum><issn>0167-6369</issn><eissn>1573-2959</eissn><abstract>Organophosphate pesticides, commonly used in large scale farming, have been found to be major contaminants in aquatic environment.
Clarias gariepinus
was exposed to acute and sublethal concentrations of phostoxin and DD Force to evaluate single and joint action toxicity of the organophosphates. Effects of phostoxin and DD force on antioxidant enzymes, fish organs and acetylcholinesterase levels in fingerlings and juveniles of
C. gariepinus
were also investigated. The lethal concentrations (96 h LC
50
) for phostoxin and DD Force were 0.631 and 1.759 mg/l, respectively. The results obtained from the bioassay showed that phostoxin was 2.8× more toxic than DD Force after exposure of
C. gariepinus
. Joint action toxicity evaluations of phostoxin and DD Force showed that the interaction between the chemicals was synergistic (RTU >1). The biochemical responses in the exposed fish differed significantly (
P
< 0.05) from the control fish. The result of acetylcholinesterase study revealed significant difference between acetylcholinesterase levels in the exposed fish and control, with reduction in the acetylcholineterase level in fish exposed to sublethal concentrations of phostoxin and DD Force. Haematological studies revealed an increase in WBC, RBC, PCV and platelets in the exposed fish. Histopathology of the gills showed shortened primary lamellae, loss of secondary lamellae and loss of ceratobrachial bones. In the acute toxicity studies, respiratory stress, erratic swimming and instant death of fish were observed in the exposed fish. This study reveals that changes in histopathology and acetylcholinesterase level are good biomarkers and can be successfully used to detect exposure to organophosphates pesticides in fish.</abstract><cop>Cham</cop><pub>Springer International Publishing</pub><pmid>27121169</pmid><doi>10.1007/s10661-016-5299-y</doi></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Acetylcholinesterase - metabolism Acute toxicity Adolescent Animals Aquatic environment Aquatic life Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution Bioassays Biomarkers Biomarkers - metabolism Catfish Catfishes - physiology Clarias gariepinus Contaminants Earth and Environmental Science Ecology Ecotoxicology Environment Environmental Management Environmental monitoring Environmental Monitoring - methods Fish Gills - drug effects Hematology Histopathology Humans Insecticides - toxicity Monitoring/Environmental Analysis Mortality Organophosphates Organophosphates - toxicity Organophosphorus pesticides Pesticides Phosphorus Poisons Pollutants Swimming Toxicity Water Pollutants, Chemical - toxicity Water quality |
| title | Histopathological alterations, biochemical responses and acetylcholinesterase levels in Clarias gariepinus as biomarkers of exposure to organophosphates pesticides |
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