Multilateralismo, gobernanza y hegemonía en la estructura económica internacional: del G7 al G20 /Multilateralism, Governance and Hegemony in the International Economic Structure: from G7 to G20

The article examines the changes in multilateralism, governance and the hegemony in the international economic structure prevailing in the second decade of the XXI century, marked by an increasing transition of economic power from the Atlantic to the Pacific axis, and consequently, by an increase in the questioning of the economic order by the emerging powers, particularly in the case of BRICS. The results indicate that the emergent economic multilateralism is minimalist in the sense that the international financial architecture continues to reflect the limited interests of the states, and given the prevalence of Western domination over its main institutions and agenda, it has not been consolidated as a framework affecting their preferences and identities. A historical milestone occurred with the economic and financial crisis of 2008, due to the recognition of the role of emerging economies in determining economic governance, reflected in the change of the G7 to G20; however this change occurred mainly in relative capabilities rather than on the ideas and institutions from the perspective of historical structures.