The Punishment Gap: School Suspension and Racial Disparities in Achievement
While scholars have studied the racial "achievement gap" for several decades, the mechanisms that produce this gap remain unclear. In this article, we propose that school discipline is a crucial, but under-examined, factor in achievement differences by race. Using a large hierarchical and...
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Veröffentlicht in: | Social problems (Berkeley, Calif.) Calif.), 2016-02, Vol.63 (1), p.68-86 |
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description | While scholars have studied the racial "achievement gap" for several decades, the mechanisms that produce this gap remain unclear. In this article, we propose that school discipline is a crucial, but under-examined, factor in achievement differences by race. Using a large hierarchical and longitudinal data set comprised of student and school records, we examine the impact of student suspension rates on racial differences in reading and math achievement. This analysis—the first of its kind—reveals that school suspensions account for approximately one-fifth of black-white differences in school performance. The findings suggest that exclusionary school punishment hinders academic growth and contributes to racial disparities in achievement. We conclude by discussing the implications for racial inequality in education. |
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We conclude by discussing the implications for racial inequality in education.</description><subject>Academic achievement</subject><subject>Academic achievement gaps</subject><subject>Black white differences</subject><subject>Black white relations</subject><subject>Discipline</subject><subject>Educational attainment</subject><subject>Ethnicity</subject><subject>Hierarchies</subject><subject>Hispanics</subject><subject>Intellectuals</subject><subject>Mathematical growth</subject><subject>Minority group students</subject><subject>Punishment</subject><subject>Race</subject><subject>Racial differences</subject><subject>Racial inequality</subject><subject>School discipline</subject><subject>School records</subject><subject>School suspension</subject><subject>Student discipline</subject><subject>Students</subject><subject>Suspension</subject><subject>Test scores</subject><issn>0037-7791</issn><issn>1533-8533</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2016</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>7UB</sourceid><sourceid>BHHNA</sourceid><recordid>eNqFkDFPwzAQhS0EEqUwMiJZYmEJtWM7TtiqFgqiEoiW2XJcW3HVxsZOKvHvcRXEyg13y_fu7j0ArjG6x6gik-iUD24S_QHlxQkYYUZIVqZ2CkYIEZ5xXuFzcBHjFqXCPB-B13Wj4Xvf2tjsddvBhfQPcKUa53Zw1Uev22hdC2W7gR9SWbmDcxu9DLazOkLbwqlqrD7oo_gSnBm5i_rqd47B59PjevacLd8WL7PpMlMkR11m6vQSIbpWEnOpSqxyrhCrUVnjvCpzUkhWU04o2xhO09-KGcNrYgoqNUvaMbgd9ia3X72Ondi6PrTppMD86LEgGCcqGygVXIxBG-GD3cvwLTASx7zEkJcY8kr83cC73v-L3gzoNnYu_MGUIkzLipEfwZ13QQ</recordid><startdate>20160201</startdate><enddate>20160201</enddate><creator>Morris, Edward W.</creator><creator>Perry, Brea L.</creator><general>University of California Press</general><general>Oxford University Press</general><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7U4</scope><scope>7UB</scope><scope>8BJ</scope><scope>BHHNA</scope><scope>DWI</scope><scope>FQK</scope><scope>JBE</scope><scope>WZK</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20160201</creationdate><title>The Punishment Gap: School Suspension and Racial Disparities in Achievement</title><author>Morris, Edward W. ; Perry, Brea L.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c320t-fb53333ebca17ac81c27c05b08b1298236a5b47345df74037c5ff7b3f64ae5533</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2016</creationdate><topic>Academic achievement</topic><topic>Academic achievement gaps</topic><topic>Black white differences</topic><topic>Black white relations</topic><topic>Discipline</topic><topic>Educational attainment</topic><topic>Ethnicity</topic><topic>Hierarchies</topic><topic>Hispanics</topic><topic>Intellectuals</topic><topic>Mathematical growth</topic><topic>Minority group students</topic><topic>Punishment</topic><topic>Race</topic><topic>Racial differences</topic><topic>Racial inequality</topic><topic>School discipline</topic><topic>School records</topic><topic>School suspension</topic><topic>Student discipline</topic><topic>Students</topic><topic>Suspension</topic><topic>Test scores</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Morris, Edward W.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Perry, Brea L.</creatorcontrib><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Sociological Abstracts (pre-2017)</collection><collection>Worldwide Political Science Abstracts</collection><collection>International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS)</collection><collection>Sociological Abstracts</collection><collection>Sociological Abstracts</collection><collection>International Bibliography of the Social Sciences</collection><collection>International Bibliography of the Social Sciences</collection><collection>Sociological Abstracts (Ovid)</collection><jtitle>Social problems (Berkeley, Calif.)</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Morris, Edward W.</au><au>Perry, Brea L.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>The Punishment Gap: School Suspension and Racial Disparities in Achievement</atitle><jtitle>Social problems (Berkeley, Calif.)</jtitle><date>2016-02-01</date><risdate>2016</risdate><volume>63</volume><issue>1</issue><spage>68</spage><epage>86</epage><pages>68-86</pages><issn>0037-7791</issn><eissn>1533-8533</eissn><abstract>While scholars have studied the racial "achievement gap" for several decades, the mechanisms that produce this gap remain unclear. 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subjects | Academic achievement Academic achievement gaps Black white differences Black white relations Discipline Educational attainment Ethnicity Hierarchies Hispanics Intellectuals Mathematical growth Minority group students Punishment Race Racial differences Racial inequality School discipline School records School suspension Student discipline Students Suspension Test scores |
title | The Punishment Gap: School Suspension and Racial Disparities in Achievement |
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