Women's Representation in Science Predicts National Gender-Science Stereotypes: Evidence From 66 Nations
In the past 40 years, the proportion of women in science courses and careers has dramatically increased in some nations but not in others. Our research investigated how national differences in women's science participation related to gender-science stereotypes that associate science with men mo...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Journal of educational psychology 2015-08, Vol.107 (3), p.631-644 |
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| container_title | Journal of educational psychology |
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| creator | Miller, David I Eagly, Alice H Linn, Marcia C |
| description | In the past 40 years, the proportion of women in science courses and careers has dramatically increased in some nations but not in others. Our research investigated how national differences in women's science participation related to gender-science stereotypes that associate science with men more than women. Data from ∼350,000 participants in 66 nations indicated that higher female enrollment in tertiary science education (community college or above) related to weaker explicit and implicit national gender-science stereotypes. Higher female employment in the researcher workforce related to weaker explicit, but not implicit, gender-science stereotypes. These relationships remained after controlling for many theoretically relevant covariates. Even nations with high overall gender equity (e.g., the Netherlands) had strong gender-science stereotypes if men dominated science fields specifically. In addition, the relationship between women's educational enrollment in science and implicit gender-science stereotypes was stronger for college-educated participants than participants without college education. Implications for instructional practices and educational policies are discussed. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1037/edu0000005 |
| format | Article |
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Implications for instructional practices and educational policies are discussed.</description><subject>Africa</subject><subject>Asia</subject><subject>Career Choice</subject><subject>College Science</subject><subject>Correlation</subject><subject>Cross Cultural Differences</subject><subject>Cross Cultural Studies</subject><subject>Cultural Differences</subject><subject>Diversity</subject><subject>Diversity in the Workplace</subject><subject>Educational Attainment</subject><subject>Educational Policy</subject><subject>Employment Level</subject><subject>Europe</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Females</subject><subject>Foreign Countries</subject><subject>Gender Bias</subject><subject>Gender equity</subject><subject>Gender Issues</subject><subject>Human</subject><subject>Human Females</subject><subject>Human Sex Differences</subject><subject>Majors (Students)</subject><subject>Multiple Regression Analysis</subject><subject>North America</subject><subject>Oceania</subject><subject>Online Surveys</subject><subject>Predictor Variables</subject><subject>Program for International Student Assessment</subject><subject>Researchers</subject><subject>Science Achievement</subject><subject>Science Curriculum</subject><subject>Science Education</subject><subject>Sciences</subject><subject>Scientists</subject><subject>Sex Stereotypes</subject><subject>South America</subject><subject>Stereotyped Attitudes</subject><subject>Stereotypes</subject><subject>Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study</subject><subject>Web Sites</subject><subject>Women</subject><subject>Women Scientists</subject><subject>Womens Education</subject><issn>0022-0663</issn><issn>1939-2176</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2015</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNp9kMFLwzAUxoMoOKcX70LAgyBWk6ZNUm8ytqmIilM8hjR9wY6trUkr7L83W6fefJfHe9_vfTw-hI4puaSEiSsoOrKpdAcNaMayKKaC76IBIXEcEc7ZPjrwfh4IFoYB-nivl1CdefwCjQMPVavbsq5wWeGZKaEygJ8dFKVpPX7cSHqBp1AV4KIfYNaCg7pdNeCv8firLDbbiauXmPPtlT9Ee1YvPBxt-xC9Tcavo9vo4Wl6N7p5iDSToo14ClnBGMlTm-VFIo3O0yIhQiY8JjyRADqWNgYrOc-ZzHJprKaW2Twv4gxSNkSnvW_j6s8OfKvmdefC115RQVjGUpHxfylOExZImQTqvKeMq713YFXjyqV2K0WJWuet_vIO8EkPgyvNLzi-p0TQlIigX_S6brRq_Mpo15ZmAd50zoXc117BVCimOKPsG8Qai38</recordid><startdate>20150801</startdate><enddate>20150801</enddate><creator>Miller, David I</creator><creator>Eagly, Alice H</creator><creator>Linn, Marcia C</creator><general>American Psychological Association</general><scope>7SW</scope><scope>BJH</scope><scope>BNH</scope><scope>BNI</scope><scope>BNJ</scope><scope>BNO</scope><scope>ERI</scope><scope>PET</scope><scope>REK</scope><scope>WWN</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7RZ</scope><scope>PHGZM</scope><scope>PHGZT</scope><scope>PKEHL</scope><scope>PSYQQ</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3457-7994</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20150801</creationdate><title>Women's Representation in Science Predicts National Gender-Science Stereotypes: Evidence From 66 Nations</title><author>Miller, David I ; Eagly, Alice H ; Linn, Marcia C</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-a387t-65e9d330b5f9bd48cab5d40784620648eea28f2ef866b389b8cfa1f3fbbd29e53</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2015</creationdate><topic>Africa</topic><topic>Asia</topic><topic>Career Choice</topic><topic>College Science</topic><topic>Correlation</topic><topic>Cross Cultural Differences</topic><topic>Cross Cultural Studies</topic><topic>Cultural Differences</topic><topic>Diversity</topic><topic>Diversity in the Workplace</topic><topic>Educational Attainment</topic><topic>Educational Policy</topic><topic>Employment Level</topic><topic>Europe</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Females</topic><topic>Foreign Countries</topic><topic>Gender Bias</topic><topic>Gender equity</topic><topic>Gender Issues</topic><topic>Human</topic><topic>Human Females</topic><topic>Human Sex Differences</topic><topic>Majors (Students)</topic><topic>Multiple Regression Analysis</topic><topic>North America</topic><topic>Oceania</topic><topic>Online Surveys</topic><topic>Predictor Variables</topic><topic>Program for International Student Assessment</topic><topic>Researchers</topic><topic>Science Achievement</topic><topic>Science Curriculum</topic><topic>Science Education</topic><topic>Sciences</topic><topic>Scientists</topic><topic>Sex Stereotypes</topic><topic>South America</topic><topic>Stereotyped Attitudes</topic><topic>Stereotypes</topic><topic>Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study</topic><topic>Web Sites</topic><topic>Women</topic><topic>Women Scientists</topic><topic>Womens Education</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Miller, David I</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Eagly, Alice H</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Linn, Marcia C</creatorcontrib><collection>ERIC</collection><collection>ERIC (Ovid)</collection><collection>ERIC</collection><collection>ERIC</collection><collection>ERIC (Legacy Platform)</collection><collection>ERIC( SilverPlatter )</collection><collection>ERIC</collection><collection>ERIC PlusText (Legacy Platform)</collection><collection>Education Resources Information Center (ERIC)</collection><collection>ERIC</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>APA PsycArticles®</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (New)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic (New)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Middle East (New)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Psychology</collection><jtitle>Journal of educational psychology</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Miller, David I</au><au>Eagly, Alice H</au><au>Linn, Marcia C</au><au>Graham, Steve</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><ericid>EJ1071507</ericid><atitle>Women's Representation in Science Predicts National Gender-Science Stereotypes: Evidence From 66 Nations</atitle><jtitle>Journal of educational psychology</jtitle><date>2015-08-01</date><risdate>2015</risdate><volume>107</volume><issue>3</issue><spage>631</spage><epage>644</epage><pages>631-644</pages><issn>0022-0663</issn><eissn>1939-2176</eissn><coden>JLEPAS</coden><abstract>In the past 40 years, the proportion of women in science courses and careers has dramatically increased in some nations but not in others. 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| subjects | Africa Asia Career Choice College Science Correlation Cross Cultural Differences Cross Cultural Studies Cultural Differences Diversity Diversity in the Workplace Educational Attainment Educational Policy Employment Level Europe Female Females Foreign Countries Gender Bias Gender equity Gender Issues Human Human Females Human Sex Differences Majors (Students) Multiple Regression Analysis North America Oceania Online Surveys Predictor Variables Program for International Student Assessment Researchers Science Achievement Science Curriculum Science Education Sciences Scientists Sex Stereotypes South America Stereotyped Attitudes Stereotypes Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study Web Sites Women Women Scientists Womens Education |
| title | Women's Representation in Science Predicts National Gender-Science Stereotypes: Evidence From 66 Nations |
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