Entrepreneurial intentions in diverse development contexts: a cross-cultural comparison between Senegal and Spain

This article compares entrepreneurial intention and its antecedents in two diverse economic and cultural contexts: Senegal and Spain. Starting from the Theory of Planned Behavior, a tailor-made instrument is developed and used to measure the entrepreneurial intention of a sample of 810 individuals from both countries. Findings indicate the existence of cultural differences between both countries in the determination of entrepreneurial intention. Spain showed personal attitude as the main antecedent, whereas in Senegal, it was perceived behavioral control. Moreover, the results appear to indicate that in contexts of less economic development, like Senegal, the role of the perceived social pressure (subjective norms) to carry out or not an entrepreneurial behavior loses its capacity to explain entrepreneurial intentions.