Analysis of vehicle structural performance during small-overlap frontal impact

This paper presents an analysis of the vehicle structural performance in the event of a small-overlap frontal impact (SOFI), based on a computer-based crash simulation model. The vehicle model was used for SOFI simulation according to real small-overlap test conditions. The crash simulation results were used to evaluate the overall vehicle structure through a comparison of intrusion measurements with the rating guidelines of the Insurance Institute for Highway Safety. The parts sensitive to a small-overlap crash were confirmed. Thickness optimization was conducted to strengthen the rocker panel, A-pillar, and lower hinge pillar in order to improve the vehicle structural performance in the event of a SOFI. The best values among the variables were chosen for the new design. The crash analysis using finite element models showed that the most serious deformation occurred to the A-pillar. In this study, the grade of the overall structure was changed from “poor” to “marginal”.