The Lead Content of Human Bones from the 1845 Franklin Expedition

The lead content of bones that were surface scattered about a purported campsite of the 1845 Franklin expedition was measured using a fluorescence excitation technique based on a 109Cd radioisotope source. The lead concentrations are considerably greater than values observed in modern populations and the ratio of the lead content in the calcaneus to that in the tibia is greater than that observed in subjects currently exposed occupationally. The pattern of distribution of lead between bones indicates excessive intake of lead during the period of the expedition. Predictions of blood lead levels based on the measured bone lead concentrations, suggest that the current upper limit for occupational exposure recommended to prevent neurological changes was exceeded.